Beyn\u0259lxalq Energetika Agentliyinin on illik proqnozlar\u0131na \u0259sas\u0259n, 2022-ci ild\u0259 alternativ v\u0259 b\u0259rpaolunan enerji n\u00f6vl\u0259ri 920 qiqavatt – h\u0259min d\u00f6vr\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya \u00fczr\u0259 elektrik enerjisi istehsal\u0131n\u0131n 40 faizind\u0259n \u00e7oxunu t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259li idi. Lakin bu g\u00fcn\u00a0real istehsal h\u0259min proqnozlardan daha art\u0131qd\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Az\u0259rbaycan Prezidenti \u0130lham \u018fliyevin m\u00fcvafiq s\u0259r\u0259ncam\u0131 (\u201cAz\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131nda d\u00f6vl\u0259t idar\u0259\u00e7iliyinin t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u0259lav\u0259 t\u0259dbirl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda\u201d, 14 yanvar 2019-cu il) il\u0259 art\u0131q l\u0259\u011fv edilmi\u015f Alternativ v\u0259 B\u0259rpa Olunan Enerji M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Agentliyinin eskpertl\u0259rinin dig\u0259r hesablamalar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, t\u0259kc\u0259 Ab\u015feron yar\u0131madas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcmumi g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f enerjisi potensial\u0131 500 meqavatt olaraq qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilir. Buna 350 meqavattl\u0131q k\u00fcl\u0259k enerjisi potensial\u0131n\u0131 da \u0259lav\u0259 ets\u0259k, 2022-ci il \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u00fcnya elektrik enerjisi istehsal\u0131 proqnozunun \u00e7ox da b\u00f6y\u00fck olmayan, lakin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli faizini \u0259ld\u0259 ed\u0259rik.<\/p>\n
\u00d6lk\u0259mizin miqyas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq, r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r \u00fcmidvericidir. Yaln\u0131z bir f\u0259rq var: qlobal istehsaldan s\u00f6hb\u0259t ged\u0259nd\u0259, biz proqnozlar bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131r\u0131q, Az\u0259rbaycanla ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar is\u0259, sad\u0259c\u0259, y\u00fcks\u0259k h\u0259dl\u0259ri \u0259ks etdirir.<\/p>\n
2020-ci il\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r Alternativ v\u0259 B\u0259rpa Olunan Enerji M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0130nki\u015faf\u0131na dair D\u00f6vl\u0259t Strategiyas\u0131na uy\u011fun olaraq alternativ enerji m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rinin \u00fcmumi istehlak h\u0259cmind\u0259ki pay\u0131 20 faizd\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 olmamal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Biz bu h\u0259dd\u0259 nail ola bil\u0259c\u0259yikmi?<\/strong><\/p>\n Bel\u0259likl\u0259, tam \u0259minlikl\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, bu sah\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6z\u0259\u00e7arpan u\u011furlara baxmayaraq, alternativ energetika Az\u0259rbaycanda ist\u0259r \u00fcmum\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259t, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 elektrik enerjisi istehlak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 v\u0259 sahibkarlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259ld\u0259n verilmi\u015f imkanlar sah\u0259sini formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r. V\u0259 \u0259g\u0259r \u0259hali v\u0259 biznes-struktur \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn alternativ enerji, sad\u0259c\u0259, \u0259lveri\u015flidirs\u0259, o zaman d\u00f6vl\u0259t \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu yol qa\u00e7\u0131lmazd\u0131r. T\u0259bii karbohidrogen enerji m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rinin ehtiyatlar\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya ictimaiyy\u0259ti kimi, Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 \u0259b\u0259di deyil, gec-tez b\u0259rpaolunan enerji m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259li olaca\u011f\u0131q.<\/p>\n D\u00fcnya ictimaiyy\u0259ti bunu anlad\u0131, q\u0259bul etdi v\u0259 maliyy\u0259 \u00f6hd\u0259likl\u0259rinin bir hiss\u0259sini \u00f6z\u0259l sektora yat\u0131rd\u0131. Bununla da bir g\u00fcll\u0259 iki deyil, bird\u0259n-bir\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 dov\u015fan vurdu. Alternativ enerji sah\u0259sind\u0259 liderlik ed\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259r bu sah\u0259nin hesab\u0131na \u00f6zl\u0259rinin ki\u00e7ik v\u0259 orta sahibkarl\u0131q sah\u0259sini u\u011furla m\u0259hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirirl\u0259r. Bu is\u0259 arzuolunmaz xarici t\u0259sirl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 iqtisadiyyatlar\u0131n\u0131n davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 art\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 anlam\u0131na g\u0259lir.<\/p>\n Burada, h\u0259m\u00e7inin, \u0259hali \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn nisb\u0259t\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131, m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259mi\u015f ya\u015f\u0131l enerji tarifl\u0259ri m\u00f6vcuddur. V\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, \u0259lav\u0259 elektrik enerjisi h\u0259cml\u0259ri bir t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n karbohidrogen resurslardan ehtiyatla istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir, dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n, elektrik enerjisinin ixrac\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn imkan yarad\u0131r. D\u00f6vl\u0259t miqyas\u0131nda is\u0259 bu, x\u0259zin\u0259y\u0259 valyuta ax\u0131n\u0131 anlam\u0131na g\u0259lir.<\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259 analoji v\u0259ziyy\u0259tdir. Alternativ energetikan\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259kl\u0259 bizim \u00f6lk\u0259miz \u00f6z\u0259l sektoru yaln\u0131z d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259 qalmayaraq, eyni zamanda, \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 inki\u015faf etdir\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n \u018flb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, \u00f6lk\u0259nin maliyy\u0259 imkanlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmaqla, investisiya \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t d\u0259st\u0259yi d\u0259 laz\u0131md\u0131r. Lakin burada \u0259sas olan pul deyil, \u00f6z\u0259l \u015firk\u0259tl\u0259rin \u00f6zl\u0259rinin bu sah\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259sin\u0259 imkan yaradacaq d\u00fczg\u00fcn q\u0259rarlard\u0131r. \u018fg\u0259r \u00c7in 2017-ci ild\u0259 b\u0259rpaolunan enerji sah\u0259sind\u0259ki layih\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 44 milyard AB\u015e dollar\u0131ndan \u00e7ox, AB\u015e is\u0259 32 milyard dollar yat\u0131r\u0131m edibs\u0259, bu, o dem\u0259k deyil ki, h\u0259min pullar\u0131n ham\u0131s\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b. Bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 investisiyalar\u0131n \u00e7ox hiss\u0259sini \u00f6z\u0259l sektor formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bunu is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259k olmaz. T\u0259kc\u0259 2012-ci ild\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 bu sah\u0259y\u0259 34.5 milyon manat, 2013-c\u00fc ild\u0259 – 77.5 milyon manat, 2014-c\u00fc ild\u0259 is\u0259 63.6 milyon manat y\u00f6nl\u0259ndirilib.<\/p>\n N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259, daha \u0259vv\u0259lki ill\u0259r d\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmaqla, 2015-ci ild\u0259 \u00fcmumi investisiya h\u0259cmi 800 milyon manat t\u0259\u015fkil edib. Bu g\u00fcn is\u0259 s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n r\u0259q\u0259m art\u0131q u\u011furlu \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 milyard\u0131 \u00f6t\u00fcb. Lakin \u00c7in v\u0259 AB\u015e-dan f\u0259rqli olaraq bizd\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259t s\u0131rf d\u00f6vl\u0259t resurslar\u0131ndan, ya da beyn\u0259lxalq maliyy\u0259 institutlar\u0131n\u0131n kreditl\u0259rind\u0259n gedir. Bu kreditl\u0259ri is\u0259 yen\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t maliyy\u0259si hesab\u0131na \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k laz\u0131m g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259\u00a0m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq layih\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn z\u0259ruri v\u0259saitin olmamas\u0131nda deyil, h\u00f6kum\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n laz\u0131mi q\u0259rarlar\u0131n q\u0259bul edilm\u0259sind\u0259 siyasi irad\u0259nin vacibliyind\u0259n gedir.<\/p>\n Halbuki bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn imkanlar var idi v\u0259 indi d\u0259 var. H\u0259l\u0259 bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il bundan \u0259vv\u0259l Avropa \u0130ttifaq\u0131 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259ti \u00f6z\u0259l sektorun alternativ v\u0259 b\u0259rpaolunan enerji m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri sah\u0259sin\u0259 c\u0259lb edilm\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f layih\u0259l\u0259r h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irirdil\u0259r. \u00d6lk\u0259d\u0259 b\u0259rpaolunan enerji sektorunun haz\u0131rk\u0131 v\u0259ziyy\u0259tinin m\u00fczakir\u0259 edildiyi, h\u00fcquqi, siyasi v\u0259 iqtisadi m\u00f6vzular\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n m\u00fcvafiq konfranslar ke\u00e7irilirdi.<\/p>\n Bizim m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rimiz alternativ energetikada menecment prinsipl\u0259rini \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Avropa \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 gedirdil\u0259r. Az\u0259rbaycanda \u0130xrac\u0131n v\u0259 \u0130nvestisiyalar\u0131n T\u0259\u015fviqi Fondu (Azpromo) is\u0259 ke\u00e7mi\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan S\u0259naye v\u0259 Energetika Nazirliyi yan\u0131nda ke\u00e7mi\u015f Alternativ v\u0259 B\u0259rpa Olunan Enerji M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 D\u00f6vl\u0259t Agentliyi il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 bu sah\u0259 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 sahibkarlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xaric\u0259 i\u015fg\u00fczar s\u0259f\u0259rl\u0259r t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Ancaq g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, n\u0259s\u0259 yolunda getm\u0259di v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 bu kapital tutumlu istehsal s\u0259nayesini inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259klikd\u0259 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130nvestorlar bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n anlamaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, onlar\u0131n rolunda yaln\u0131z alternativ energetika sah\u0259sind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn a\u015fa\u011f\u0131x\u0259rcli ni\u015fl\u0259ri m\u0259mnuniyy\u0259tl\u0259 dolduracaq ki\u00e7ik v\u0259 orta m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r deyil, h\u0259m\u00e7inin, ev t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfatlar\u0131 da \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259 bil\u0259r. Elektrik enerjisinin fasil\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 verildiyi, iqlim \u015f\u0259raitinin g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f panell\u0259ri v\u0259 ya k\u00fcl\u0259k qur\u011fular\u0131 qura\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa imkan verdiyi ucqar k\u0259ndl\u0259rin sakinl\u0259ri\u00a0b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u0259mnuniyy\u0259tl\u0259 \u201cAz\u0259renerji\u201d ASC-nin \u015f\u0259xsind\u0259 elektrik enerjisi t\u0259chizat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131\u011fa son qoyacaq v\u0259 ya sad\u0259c\u0259 m\u0259hdudla\u015fd\u0131racaqlar.<\/p>\n Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n da\u011fl\u0131q \u015fimal rayonlar\u0131nda s\u0131rf g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f v\u0259 ya bioqaz kimi alternativ enerji m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259ri hesab\u0131na q\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lan istixanalar\u0131n meydana g\u0259lm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaln\u0131z t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr etm\u0259k olar. D\u00f6vl\u0259t bundan yaln\u0131z qazanacaq: insanlar\u0131n maddi rifah\u0131 artacaq, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 mini m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259r meydana g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k v\u0259 yaranan art\u0131q elektrik enerjisini h\u0259r zaman ixraca y\u00f6n\u0259ltm\u0259k v\u0259 s\u0259rt valyutaya satmaq olar.<\/p>\n V\u0259 n\u0259hay\u0259t, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u0259traf\u0131 malikan\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 olduqca m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b qur\u011fular qura\u015fd\u0131rmaq iqtidar\u0131nda olan \u00e7ox sayda insan\u0131n – orta t\u0259b\u0259q\u0259nin maraqlar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259k yax\u015f\u0131 olard\u0131. \u00c7\u0259tin ki\u00a0onlardan h\u0259r hans\u0131 biri evl\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 ya h\u0259y\u0259tyan\u0131 sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 alternativ elektrik enerjisi sah\u0259sind\u0259 orta hesabla be\u015f il\u0259 yeddi il aras\u0131nda investisiya g\u0259liri z\u0259man\u0259ti ver\u0259n \u0259n qabaqc\u0131l texnologiyalar\u0131 qura\u015fd\u0131rmaq imkan\u0131ndan imtina etsin.<\/p>\n \u00dcst\u0259lik, bu n\u00f6v nou-hau almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ehtiyac olaca\u011f\u0131 halda, kredit \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn banka m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259 bil\u0259rsiniz. Ancaq yen\u0259 d\u0259 bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istehlak\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n ma\u011fazalarda m\u00fcvafiq avadanl\u0131qlarla ba\u011fl\u0131 se\u00e7imi olmal\u0131, bazarda is\u0259 onlar\u0131n qura\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xidm\u0259tl\u0259r g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n m\u00fcvafiq ki\u00e7ik firmalar f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259lidir. Bu is\u0259 bizi yenid\u0259n alternativ enerji s\u0259nayesinin d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda iqtisadi art\u0131m\u0131n s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f d\u00fczg\u00fcn q\u0259rarlar m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259tirir.<\/p>\n