Hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n oruc tutmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 ixtilaflarla \u0259laq\u0259dar olaraq, bir \u00e7ox m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259mizdir\u0259n analar\u0131n oruc tutub-tutmamas\u0131, icaz\u0259li halda tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 orucu q\u0259za edib-etm\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 suallar maraqland\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\u0130n\u015f\u0259Allah bu suallara b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc d\u0259lill\u0259rl\u0259 cavab veril\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n
Z\u0259rur\u0259t oldu\u011fu halda hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n orucu pozmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 Hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar yaln\u0131z \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 v\u0259 ya d\u00f6l\u0259 bir z\u0259r\u0259r toxunaca\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 ya s\u00fcdl\u0259rinin azalaca\u011f\u0131 qorxusu il\u0259 oruclar\u0131n\u0131 poza bil\u0259rl\u0259r; bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 aliml\u0259r aras\u0131nda ixtilaf yoxdur. Lakin, \u0259g\u0259r onlar oruc tutmaq iqtidar\u0131ndad\u0131larsa, oruc tutmamaq onlara qada\u011fand\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki Uca Allah buyurur: \u201cBil\u0259siniz ki, siz\u0259 oruc tutmaq daha xeyirlidir\u201d(B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 184). Qeyd: \u018fg\u0259r hamil\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n u\u015fa\u011f\u0131, d\u00f6l\u00fcn b\u0259d\u0259ninin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n ba\u015f\u0131n\u0131n v\u0259 ya \u0259linin formala\u015fmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrs\u0259, bu hal do\u011fumsonras\u0131 qanaxma (\u0259n-nifas) kimi n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irilir v\u0259 qad\u0131n oruc tutmur. \u018fg\u0259r u\u015faq hamil\u0259liyin erk\u0259n m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 (80-c\u0131 g\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r) d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrs\u0259, qad\u0131n istihaz\u0259 (x\u0259st\u0259lik s\u0259b\u0259bil\u0259 qanaxma) hal\u0131nda say\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 o \u00f6z orucunu t\u0259rk etm\u0259m\u0259lidir. Bax. \u201cF\u0259t\u0259va \u0259l-L\u0259cn\u0259 \u0259d-Daima\u201d 10\/224.<\/p>\n Hamil\u0259lik v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdirm\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bil\u0259 burax\u0131lan oruc g\u00fcnl\u0259ri q\u0259za edilirmi? B\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin r\u0259yl\u0259rini t\u0259fsilatl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7ir\u0259k: \u0130kinci r\u0259y ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, hamil\u0259 qad\u0131n sad\u0259c\u0259 tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 oruc g\u00fcnl\u0259rini q\u0259za edir, s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131n is\u0259 q\u0259za edir v\u0259 tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedizdirir. Bu imam Malikin v\u0259 bir \u00e7ox \u015fafiil\u0259rin r\u0259yl\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-M\u0259cmu\u201d 6\/273.<\/p>\n \u0130lk iki r\u0259yin n\u0259 Quranda, n\u0259 d\u0259 S\u00fcnn\u0259d\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259 s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n h\u0259r hans\u0131 birinin s\u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259sas\u0131 yoxdur. \u0130mam \u018fbu Abdullah \u0259l-M\u0259ruzzi demi\u015fdir: \u201cBiz h\u0259r iki h\u00f6km\u00fcn, kas\u0131b\u0131 yedirtm\u0259yin v\u0259 orucu q\u0259za etm\u0259yi birl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259yin z\u0259ruriliyi bar\u0259d\u0259 imam M\u00fccahidd\u0259n ba\u015fqa s\u0259hih r\u0259vay\u0259t etmi\u015f bir n\u0259f\u0259r d\u0259 tan\u0131m\u0131r\u0131q.\u201d Bax. \u201c\u018fl-\u0130stizkar\u201d 3\/364.<\/p>\n \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc r\u0259y ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar, kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259d\u0259n sad\u0259c\u0259 tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 oruc g\u00fcnl\u0259rini q\u0259za etm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Bu \u018fbu H\u0259nif\u0259, \u0259l-\u018fuzai, S\u00fcfyan \u0259s-S\u0259uri, \u018fbu S\u0259ura v\u0259 \u018fbu Ubeyd\u0259nin r\u0259yidir. Bax. \u201cBid\u0259t\u00fcl-m\u00fcct\u0259hid\u201d 1\/446. H\u0259m\u00e7inin bu r\u0259y\u0259 \u015feyx \u0130bn Baz v\u0259 \u0130bn Useymin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck veribl\u0259r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin onlar\u0131n d\u0259lili a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 analogiyalard\u0131r: D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc r\u0259y ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar n\u0259 buraxd\u0131qlar\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u0259rin q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmurlar, n\u0259 d\u0259 kas\u0131b yedizdirmirl\u0259r. Bu \u0130bn H\u0259zmin r\u0259yidir v\u0259 bu r\u0259y\u0259 \u015feyx H\u0259m\u0259d \u0259l-\u018fnsari \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck verib. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-M\u00fch\u0259ll\u0259\u201d 6\/263, \u201cTuhf\u0259tu \u0259s-sail \u0259n saum \u0259l-murd\u0131 v\u0259l h\u0259mil\u201d 138. Be\u015finci r\u0259y is\u0259 ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar oruc tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 halda, buraxd\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259zind\u0259 bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedizdirm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Bu \u0130bn Abbas\u0131n v\u0259 \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259rin r\u0259yi olub, h\u0259m\u00e7inin bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 S\u0259id ib C\u00fcbeyr, Katada, Qasim ibn Muhamm\u0259d, \u0130shaq ibn Rahavayh, Sayd S\u0259bik v\u0259 \u0259l-\u018flbani onlar\u0131n ard\u0131nca gedibl\u0259r. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-imam bi \u0259hk\u0259mis-s\u0131yam\u201d 300-301, \u201cS\u0259hih fiqhus-S\u00fcnn\u0259\u201d 2\/125.<\/p>\n \u0130bn Abbas ay\u0259nin \u015f\u0259rhi bar\u0259d\u0259 demi\u015fdir:\u201cBuna taq\u0259ti olmayanlar is\u0259 (buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259) bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedirtm\u0259kl\u0259 fidy\u0259 verm\u0259lidirl\u0259r\u201d (\u0259l B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 184) \u2013 bu ay\u0259 oruc tutmaqla n\u0259sx edilmi\u015fdir, daha sonra is\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 el\u0259di: \u201cOruc tutmaq iqtidar\u0131nda olmayan qoca ki\u015fi v\u0259 qad\u0131nlar [1], h\u0259m\u00e7inin (u\u015faqlar\u0131na) z\u0259r\u0259r g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n qorxan hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlara, tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedizdirm\u0259k m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015fdir\u201d. \u0259l-Beyhaki 4\/230, \u0130bn \u0259l-C\u0259rud 381. S\u0259hihliyini imm \u0259n-N\u0259v\u0259vi, \u015feyx \u018fhm\u0259d \u015eakir v\u0259 \u015feyx \u0259l-\u018flbani t\u0259sdiql\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n \u0130bn Abbas h\u0259m\u00e7inin demi\u015fdir: \u201c\u018fg\u0259r hamil\u0259 qad\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131n is\u0259 u\u015fa\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 qorxursa, onda onlar Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n orucunu t\u0259rk edirl\u0259r v\u0259 buraxd\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedizdirirl\u0259r v\u0259 orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmurlar\u201d. \u0259t-T\u0259b\u0259ri 2578 v\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131. \u0130snad\u0131n s\u0259hihliyini hafiz \u018fbdul-B\u0259rr \u201c\u0259l-\u0130stizkar\u201d 3\/364, \u0130bn H\u0259c\u0259r \u201c\u0259l-Matalibul-\u0259liy\u0259\u201d 1\/258 v\u0259 \u015feyx \u0259l-\u018flbani \u201c\u0130ruaul-qalil\u201d 4\/19 \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259sdiql\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n H\u0259m\u00e7inin r\u0259vay\u0259t olunur ki, \u0130bn Abbas hamil\u0259 qad\u0131na demi\u015fdir: \u201cS\u0259n oruc tutma\u011fa taq\u0259ti olmayanlar\u201d-dansan, odur ki, s\u0259n kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fs\u0259n, q\u0259za tutmaqla yox\u201d. \u0259l-Bazzar 1\/365. \u0130mam \u0259d-D\u0259rakutni v\u0259 hafiz\u0130bn H\u0259c\u0259r s\u0259hihliyini t\u0259sdiq etmi\u015fl\u0259r. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, S\u0259id ibn Cubeyr v\u0259 Katada kimi m\u0259\u015fhur ard\u0131c\u0131llar (tabiun) deyibl\u0259r: \u201c\u00d6z u\u015fa\u011f\u0131na z\u0259r\u0259r g\u0259lm\u0259sind\u0259n qorxan hamil\u0259 qad\u0131n oruc tutmur v\u0259 \u00f6z u\u015fa\u011f\u0131na z\u0259r\u0259r g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n qorxan s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131n oruc tutmur\u201d. Onlar tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259lidirl\u0259r v\u0259 orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmaqla m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f deyill\u0259r\u201d. \u018fbdur-R\u0259zzaq 7555, 7556.<\/p>\n N\u0259tic\u0259: G\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fcz kimi, yuxar\u0131da sadalanan 5 r\u0259yd\u0259n \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fcs\u00fc v\u0259 daha \u00e7ox d\u0259lil il\u0259 \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f r\u0259y be\u015finci r\u0259ydir: bu, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmamalar\u0131, buraxd\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 bir yoxsulu yedirtm\u0259l\u0259ridir.<\/strong>\u00a0Bu r\u0259y, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc r\u0259y hesab edilir:<\/p>\n Birincisi, bu, Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259r (sallalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259min), Quran\u0131n nazil olmas\u0131na \u015fahidlik etmi\u015f v\u0259 onun m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 ham\u0131dan yax\u015f\u0131 bil\u0259n s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rinin r\u0259yidir. Bu s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u0130bn Abbas da vard\u0131r. \u0130bn M\u0259sud onun haqq\u0131nda bel\u0259 demi\u015fdir: \u201cQuran\u0131n \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 t\u0259fsir\u00e7isi \u2013 \u0130bn Abbasd\u0131r!\u201d \u0259t-T\u0259b\u0259ri 1\/89. \u0130snad\u0131 s\u0259hihdir. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcc\u00fcs\u00fc, s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n h\u0259r hans\u0131 biri ay\u0259ni t\u0259fsir etm\u0259si v\u0259 o ay\u0259nin g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259bi v\u0259 n\u0259sxi bar\u0259d\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131rsa, bu da h\u0259m\u00e7inin ona i\u015far\u0259dir ki, bu \u015f\u0259ri\u0259tin qanunudur, onun \u015f\u0259xsi fikri yox. H\u0259dis\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q elmind\u0259 bu prinsip ham\u0131ya m\u0259lumdur. Bax. \u201cT\u0259drib \u0259r-raui\u201d 1\/192, \u201c\u00dclumul-h\u0259dis\u201d 1\/24.<\/p>\n D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc, h\u0259tta \u0259g\u0259r bu r\u0259y, yaln\u0131z \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259r v\u0259 \u0130bn Abbas\u0131n r\u0259yl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslan\u0131rsa, onlar\u0131n r\u0259yi, ard\u0131nca getm\u0259y\u0259 \u0259n layiq r\u0259ydir. \u00dcst\u0259lik, s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n he\u00e7 olmasa birinin onlar\u0131n bu r\u0259yin\u0259 zidd getdiyi bar\u0259d\u0259 he\u00e7 bir s\u0259hih r\u0259vay\u0259t m\u00f6vcud deyil v\u0259 s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rin r\u0259yin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rd\u0259n (sallalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259m) ba\u015fqa h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir n\u0259f\u0259rin r\u0259yini zidd g\u0259tirm\u0259k icaz\u0259li deyil!<\/p>\n 4 imam da daxil olmaqla, b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259hli-S\u00fcnn\u0259 imamlar\u0131 hesab edir ki, \u0259g\u0259r s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 dair 2 r\u0259y m\u00f6vcuddursa, onlardan sonra kimins\u0259 bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 3-c\u00fc r\u0259y ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u0259si icaz\u0259li deyil. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, \u0259g\u0259r s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259r bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 yekdil r\u0259y\u0259 malikdil\u0259rs\u0259, onlara zidd olmaq icaz\u0259li deyildir. Bax. \u201c\u0259r-Risal\u0259\u201d 595, \u201c\u0259l-\u0130hkam\u201d 4\/561, \u201c\u0259l-Usul\u201d 1\/318. \u0130mam \u018fbu H\u0259nif\u0259 deyirdi: \u201c\u018fg\u0259r m\u0259n Allah\u0131n Kitab\u0131na zidd olan bir \u015fey des\u0259m, m\u0259nim s\u00f6zl\u0259rimi t\u0259rk edin v\u0259 Allah\u0131n Kitab\u0131na m\u00fcvafiq olun\u201d. Ondan soru\u015fdular: \u201cB\u0259s \u0259g\u0259r s\u00f6zl\u0259rin Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (sallalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259m) s\u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 zidd olarsa nec\u0259? O dedi: \u201cM\u0259nim s\u00f6zl\u0259rimi t\u0259rk edin v\u0259 Allah\u0131n El\u00e7isinin (salllalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259m) h\u0259disin\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l edin\u201d. Ondan yen\u0259 soru\u015fdular: \u201cB\u0259s \u0259g\u0259r s\u00f6zl\u0259rin s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rin s\u00f6zl\u0259ri il\u0259 ziddiyy\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkil el\u0259s\u0259 nec\u0259?\u201d. O cavab verdi: \u201cO zaman m\u0259nim s\u00f6zl\u0259rimi t\u0259rk edin v\u0259 s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rin s\u00f6yl\u0259dikl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l edin\u201d. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-M\u0259dh\u0259l il\u0259 Sun\u0259nil-kubra\u201d 203-204, imam \u0259l-Beyhaki v\u0259 \u201cF\u0259thul-M\u0259cid\u201d 241. B\u0259zi \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259l\u0259rin ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0130kincisi, h\u0259disd\u0259 hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n dig\u0259rl\u0259ri il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 adlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u0259lil\u0259 v\u0259 buna \u0259sas\u0259n oruclar\u0131n\u0131 q\u0259za etm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 dair analogiyaya g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259, bu analogiyan\u0131n do\u011frulu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 do\u011furur. Bu h\u0259disd\u0259 hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olanlarla yana\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259sinin m\u0259nas\u0131 budur ki, bu sinif insanlar oruc tutmaqdan azadd\u0131rlar. Lakin, \u0259g\u0259r h\u0259tta bu h\u0259disd\u0259 s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olanla hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar aras\u0131nda analogiya apar\u0131lsa, onda dem\u0259k olar: ax\u0131 s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olan s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 ik\u0259n namaz\u0131n\u0131 q\u0131saldaraq iki r\u00fck\u0259t q\u0131l\u0131r, lakin s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n qay\u0131td\u0131qda q\u0131saltd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bu namazlar\u0131 q\u0259za etm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f deyildir. Eynil\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, bu h\u0259disd\u0259 s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olan\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n hamil\u0259 v\u0259 ya s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nla b\u0259rab\u0259r \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259si onlar\u0131n h\u0259r ikisinin orucu q\u0259za etm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 i\u015far\u0259 etmir. Bax. \u201c\u018fhk\u0259mun-nis\u0259\u201d 37, \u201cS\u0259hih fqhus-S\u00fcnn\u0259\u201d 2\/125.<\/p>\n Hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n n\u0259 orucu q\u0259za etm\u0259kl\u0259, n\u0259 d\u0259 kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair r\u0259y\u0259 cavab budur ki, bu r\u0259yi, s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rin m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259ri olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halda q\u0259bul etm\u0259k olard\u0131. Onlar\u0131n, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259nl\u0259rin orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmayaraq kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259l\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259ri sad\u0259c\u0259 olaraq onlar\u0131n r\u0259yi deyil v\u0259 \u201cm\u0259rfu\u201d h\u00f6km\u00fcnd\u0259dir, y\u0259ni, birba\u015fa Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rd\u0259n (sallalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259m) r\u0259vay\u0259t olunur.<\/p>\n Daha sonra, b\u0259zi aliml\u0259r hesab edib ki, \u0130bn Abbas\u0131n bu ay\u0259nin n\u0259sx olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 fikri dig\u0259r s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rin fikirl\u0259ri il\u0259 ziddiyy\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkil edir: \u201cBuna taq\u0259ti olmayanlar is\u0259 (buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259) bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedirtm\u0259kl\u0259 fidy\u0259 verm\u0259lidirl\u0259r\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 184). M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar oruca ad\u0259t etm\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r, odur ki, M\u0259rh\u0259m\u0259tli Allah q\u0259ti \u0259mr verm\u0259k \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259, \u00d6z qullar\u0131na oruc tutmaq v\u0259 kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259k aras\u0131nda se\u00e7im vermi\u015fdir. N\u0259tic\u0259 etibaril\u0259, Allah, \u201cBil\u0259siniz ki, siz\u0259 oruc tutmaq daha xeyirlidir\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 184) v\u0259 \u201cSizl\u0259rd\u0259n bu aya \u00e7atan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r (h\u0259min ay\u0131) oruc tutmal\u0131d\u0131rlar\u201d dem\u0259kl\u0259 oruc tutmaq iqtidar\u0131nda olan h\u0259r bir k\u0259s\u0259 orucu f\u0259rz olaraq \u0259mr etdi\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 185). Bu bar\u0259d\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259t, \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259r v\u0259 Zeyd ibn \u018fsl\u0259m d\u0259 daxil olmaqla, bir \u00e7ox s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259t olunan h\u0259disl\u0259rd\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259nir. Bax. \u201cS\u0131fatus-saum \u0259n-N\u0259bi\u201d 82.<\/p>\n Lakin, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 buras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, xat\u0131rlatd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z kimi, \u0130bn Abbas bu ay\u0259nin n\u0259sx olunmas\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259rdar idi. O demi\u015fdir: \u201cKas\u0131b\u0131 yedirtm\u0259k \u0259mrin\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259, o, bu ay\u0259 il\u0259 n\u0259sx olunub: \u201cSizl\u0259rd\u0259n bu aya \u00e7atan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r (h\u0259min ay\u0131) oruc tutmal\u0131d\u0131rlar\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 185). \u201cLakin oruc tutmaq iqtidar\u0131nda olmayan qoca ki\u015fi v\u0259 qad\u0131nlar, h\u0259m\u00e7inin (u\u015faqlar\u0131na) z\u0259r\u0259r g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n qorxan hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlara, tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedizdirm\u0259k m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilmi\u015fdir\u201d. \u0259l-Beyhaki 4\/230, \u0130bn \u0259l-C\u0259rud 381. S\u0259hihliyini imam \u0259n-N\u0259v\u0259vi, \u015feyx \u018fhm\u0259d \u015eakir v\u0259 \u015feyx \u0259l-\u018flbani t\u0259sdiql\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n Bel\u0259likl\u0259 biz\u0259 ayd\u0131n oldu ki, \u0130bn Abbas kas\u0131b\u0131n yedirdilm\u0259sin\u0259 dair ay\u0259nin n\u0259sxi bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rin fikrin\u0259 zidd getmirdi v\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, dig\u0259rl\u0259ri kimi onun da bundan x\u0259b\u0259ri var idi. Lakin, o, bu ay\u0259nin hans\u0131 sinif insanlara m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 n\u0259sx olunmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 istisna olaraq qeyd edir.<\/p>\n H\u0259m\u00e7inin bu, Muaz ibn C\u0259b\u0259lin h\u0259disi il\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259tl\u0259nir: \u201cOruca g\u0259ldikd\u0259 is\u0259, Allah El\u00e7isi (sallalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259m) M\u0259din\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7atanda, h\u0259r ay\u0131n 3 g\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 A\u015fura g\u00fcn\u00fc oruc tutard\u0131. Sonra Allah onu Ramazan orucu tutmaqla m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f el\u0259di: \u201cEy iman g\u0259tir\u0259nl\u0259r! Siz-d\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259lkil\u0259r\u0259 vacib edildiyi kimi, siz\u0259 d\u0259 oruc tutmaq vacib edildi ki, b\u0259lk\u0259 (pis \u0259m\u0259ll\u0259rd\u0259n) \u00e7\u0259kin\u0259siniz\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 183).<\/p>\n Daha sonra Allah dig\u0259r ay\u0259ni nazil etdi: \u201c\u0130nsanlara do\u011fru yolu g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n, bu yolun v\u0259 (haqq\u0131 batild\u0259n) ay\u0131rd ed\u0259nin a\u00e7\u0131q-ayd\u0131n d\u0259lill\u0259ri olan Quran ramazan ay\u0131nda nazil edilmi\u015fdir. Sizl\u0259rd\u0259n bu aya \u00e7atan \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r (h\u0259min ay\u0131) oruc tutmal\u0131d\u0131rlar\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 185). V\u0259 Allah orucu sa\u011flam insan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sabitl\u0259\u015fdirdi v\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259 v\u0259 ya s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn asanla\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131. O h\u0259m\u00e7inin oruc tutma\u011fa qadir olmayan qoca insan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259yi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n el\u0259di\u201d. \u018fbu Davud 507, \u018fhm\u0259d 5\/246. H\u0259dis s\u0259hihdir. Bax. \u201c\u0130ruaul-qalil\u201d 4\/20.<\/p>\n Biz g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, Muaz da qoca insan\u0131, \u00fcmumi oruc \u0259mrind\u0259n istisna olaraq qeyd edir v\u0259 oruc tutmaq iqtidar\u0131nda olmayan qoca insan\u0131n oruc tutmayaraq, buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedirtm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 aliml\u0259r aras\u0131nda he\u00e7 bir ixtilaf yoxdur. Bunu, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlara da aid etm\u0259k olar, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar\u0131n \u00fcmumi \u0259mrd\u0259n istisna oldu\u011funu \u0130bn Abbas deyib. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, bu ay\u0259nin n\u0259sx edilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259t n\u0259ql olunan \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259r deyir ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259li v\u0259 orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n S\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rin bu r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259saslanaraq g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259k bar\u0259d\u0259 ay\u0259l\u0259r n\u0259sx edilib, lakin oruc tutmaq iqtidar\u0131nda olmayan qocalar, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlara m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 n\u0259sx edilm\u0259yib. S\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n bu ay\u0259nin n\u0259sxi bar\u0259d\u0259 n\u0259ql olunan r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r \u00fcmumi s\u0259ciyy\u0259 da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r, qocalar, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar bar\u0259d\u0259 r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r is\u0259 konkretl\u0259\u015fdirir v\u0259 \u00fcmumi \u0259mrd\u0259n istisna edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n \u0130mam \u0259l-Qurtubi demi\u015fdir: \u201c\u0130bn Abbasdan s\u0259hih r\u0259vay\u0259t olunur ki, bu ay\u0259 (kas\u0131b\u0131n yedirdilm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259) ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n insanlara m\u00fcnasib\u0259td\u0259 (qocalar, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar) n\u0259sx edilm\u0259yib. V\u0259 bu ay\u0259nin n\u0259sx edildiyi bar\u0259d\u0259 birinci r\u0259y d\u0259 do\u011fru r\u0259ydir. Lakin, burada s\u00f6hb\u0259t istisnaya malik ay\u0259d\u0259n gedir\u201d. Bax. \u201cT\u0259fsir \u0259l-Qurtubi\u201d 2\/126.<\/p>\n \u00dcmumi \u0259mrd\u0259n bu c\u00fcr istisnan\u0131 S\u00fcnn\u0259y\u0259 \u0259saslanmadan he\u00e7 bir s\u0259hab\u0259 ed\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi v\u0259 bu \u015f\u0259ri\u0259td\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur olan bir qaydad\u0131r. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-\u0130l\u0259m\u201d 1\/135, \u201c\u0259l-M\u00fc\u0259f\u0259k\u0259t\u201d 3\/118. \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259r v\u0259 \u0130bn Abbas \u00f6zl\u0259ri v\u0259 dig\u0259r s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259r d\u0259 bu ay\u0259nin n\u0259sx olundu\u011funu bil\u0259-bil\u0259, \u0259g\u0259r S\u00fcnn\u0259 hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131 qocalar kimi oruc tutmaqda \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259k\u0259nl\u0259r olaraq istisna etm\u0259mi\u015fdirs\u0259, o zaman nec\u0259 hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlara: \u201cSiz \u201cBuna taq\u0259ti olmayanlardan\u201d-s\u0131n\u0131z \u2013 (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259 sur\u0259si,184) \u0259t-T\u0259b\u0259ri, 2\/125, \u0259d-D\u0259r\u0259kutni 250 \u2013 dey\u0259 bil\u0259rdil\u0259r? H\u0259m\u00e7inin bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 dair \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri, bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259r aras\u0131nda ixtilaf oldu\u011funu b\u0259yan ed\u0259n aliml\u0259rin s\u00f6z\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Bununla b\u0259rab\u0259r, onlar imam \u0259l-C\u0259s\u0259sin s\u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 istinad edirl\u0259r. \u0130mam \u0259l-C\u0259s\u0259s \u00f6z t\u0259fsirind\u0259 demi\u015fdir: \u201cS\u0259l\u0259fl\u0259r bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 r\u0259y\u0259 ayr\u0131l\u0131blar. \u018fli demi\u015fdir: \u201cHamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar orucu q\u0259za etm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fdirl\u0259r v\u0259 kas\u0131b yedizdirm\u0259l\u0259ri laz\u0131m deyil\u201d. \u0130bn Abbas demi\u015fdir: \u201cOnlar orucu q\u0259za etm\u0259m\u0259li, kas\u0131b yedizdirm\u0259lidirl\u0259r\u201d. \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259r demi\u015fdir: \u201cOnlar h\u0259m kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259li, h\u0259m d\u0259 orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmal\u0131d\u0131rlar\u201d. Lakin imam bu r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rin isnad\u0131n\u0131 xat\u0131rlatmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u0130snadl\u0131 bir r\u0259vay\u0259td\u0259 n\u0259ql edilir ki, \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259r hesab edirdi ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar h\u0259m orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmal\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259lidirl\u0259r, lakin bu r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r s\u0259hih deyil. Ondan n\u0259ql edil\u0259n s\u0259hih r\u0259vay\u0259td\u0259 bildirilir ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar,tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 oruc g\u00fcnl\u0259rini q\u0259za etm\u0259m\u0259li v\u0259 h\u0259r g\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-\u0130stizkar\u201d 3\/365.<\/p>\n \u018flid\u0259n n\u0259ql edil\u0259n isnadl\u0131 r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r is\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 yoxdur. Lakin, h\u0259tta \u018flid\u0259n n\u0259ql edil\u0259n \u201cHamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar orucu q\u0259za etm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fdirl\u0259r v\u0259 kas\u0131b yedizdirm\u0259l\u0259ri laz\u0131m deyil\u201d r\u0259vay\u0259ti s\u0259hih olsayd\u0131 bel\u0259, \u0130bn Abbasdan n\u0259ql edil\u0259n v\u0259 \u201cm\u0259rfu\u201d h\u00f6km\u00fcnd\u0259 olan r\u0259vay\u0259tin yan\u0131nda onun r\u0259vay\u0259tin\u0259 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck veril\u0259 bilm\u0259zdi! \u018fslind\u0259 is\u0259, \u0130bn Qudam\u0259nin dediyi kimi, s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n h\u0259r hans\u0131 birinin bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 \u0130bn Abbasa zidd getdiyini s\u0259hihliyi m\u0259lum deyil. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-M\u00fc\u011fni\u201d 3\/21.<\/p>\n H\u0259m\u00e7inin qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, \u0259g\u0259r s\u0259hab\u0259nin s\u00f6zl\u0259ri v\u0259 ya \u0259m\u0259li onun ictihad\u0131n\u0131n n\u0259tic\u0259si deyils\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n hans\u0131n\u0131nsa ona etiraz etdiyi m\u0259lum deyils\u0259, bu, \u0130slamda q\u0259bul edilm\u0259si vacib olan v\u0259 icma s\u00fckuti adlanan d\u0259lil say\u0131l\u0131r! Bununla ba\u011fl\u0131, \u0259\u015faril\u0259r, m\u00f6t\u0259zilil\u0259r, f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259\u00e7il\u0259r v\u0259 b\u0259zi h\u0259n\u0259fil\u0259r kimi bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 h\u0259qiq\u0259td\u0259n uzaqla\u015fm\u0131\u015f c\u0259r\u0259yanlar istisna olmaqla b\u00fct\u00fcn ard\u0131c\u0131llar (tabiun) v\u0259 imamlar yekdil r\u0259y\u0259 malik olublar. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-\u0130hkam\u201d 4\/120, \u201c\u0259t-T\u0259hs\u0131l\u201d 2\/319.<\/p>\n M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 yekun vuraraq bir daha xat\u0131rlatmaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n oruc tutmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n n\u0259ql olunan r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259r \u201cm\u0259rfu\u201d h\u00f6km\u00fcnd\u0259dir. V\u0259 s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n n\u0259ql edil\u0259n v\u0259 Quran\u0131 t\u0259fsir ed\u0259n v\u0259 \u00fcmumi \u0259mrd\u0259n istisnalar \u00e7\u0131xaran bu c\u00fcr s\u0259hih r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rin, onlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259xsi r\u0259yi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fch\u0259ddis aliml\u0259r aras\u0131nda ixtilaf yoxdur. He\u00e7 bir \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 yoxdur ki, bu d\u0259lill\u0259r\u0259 aliml\u0259rin analogiyalar\u0131 v\u0259 s\u00f6zl\u0259ri qar\u015f\u0131 dura bilm\u0259z. Bu, m\u00f6vcud olanlar aras\u0131nda d\u0259lill\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259n \u0259sasland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 \u0259n do\u011fru [3] r\u0259ydir.<\/p>\n Kas\u0131b\u0131 n\u0259 il\u0259 yedirtm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r? Malikd\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259t olunur ki, N\u0259fi \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259rd\u0259n n\u0259ql etmi\u015fdir ki, \u00f6z u\u015fa\u011f\u0131na z\u0259r\u0259r g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yind\u0259n qorxan hamil\u0259 qad\u0131n\u0131n oruc tumas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 suala o bel\u0259 cavab vermi\u015fdir: \u201cO oruc tutmamal\u0131 v\u0259 buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131 bir mudd bu\u011fda il\u0259 yedirtm\u0259lidir\u201d. \u0259l-Beyhaki 4\/230.\u0130snad\u0131 s\u0259hihdir.<\/p>\n Lakin, kas\u0131b\u0131, \u018fn\u0259sin etdiyi kimi, haz\u0131r yem\u0259kl\u0259 d\u0259 yedirtm\u0259k olar. N\u0259ql edilir ki, \u201c\u018fn\u0259s ibn Malik, bir il oruc tutma\u011fa taq\u0259ti olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, bir qab s\u0259rid (yem\u0259yi) haz\u0131rlay\u0131b, otuz kas\u0131b\u0131 doyuzdurub\u201d. \u0259d-D\u0259r\u0259kutni 2\/207. \u015eeyx \u0259l-\u018flbani isnad\u0131n s\u0259hihliyini t\u0259sdiq edib.<\/p>\n \u0130mam \u0259l-Buxari demi\u015fdir: \u201c\u018fg\u0259r qoca insan oruc tutmaq iqtidar\u0131nda deyils\u0259, o, qocald\u0131qdan sonra h\u0259r g\u00fcn \u0259t v\u0259 \u00e7\u00f6r\u0259kl\u0259 kas\u0131b yedir\u0259n \u018fn\u0259s kimi kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259lidir\u201d. Bax. \u201cS\u0259hih \u0259l-Buxari\u201d 2\/345.<\/p>\n Bel\u0259likl\u0259, kas\u0131blara ist\u0259nil\u0259n yem\u0259yi yedirm\u0259k v\u0259 paylamaq olar. H\u0259m\u00e7inin k\u0259ffar\u0259 olaraq eyni kas\u0131b\u0131 h\u0259m bir g\u00fcn, h\u0259m d\u0259 daha \u00e7ox g\u00fcn yedirm\u0259k olar. Kas\u0131blar\u0131 yedirtm\u0259yi v\u0259 ya yem\u0259k paylama\u011f\u0131 h\u0259m Ramazan ay\u0131n\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259li, h\u0259m ortas\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 sonu etm\u0259k olar. Bax. \u201cF\u0259t\u0259va \u0130bn Baz\u201d 15\/203.<\/p>\n Lakin, \u0259g\u0259r insan\u0131n kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn imkan\u0131 yoxdursa, o zaman bu \u00f6hd\u0259lik onun \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n qalx\u0131r. \u0130mam \u0130bn Qudam\u0259 demi\u015fdir: \u201c\u018fg\u0259r qoca ki\u015fi v\u0259 ya qad\u0131n\u0131n kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259y\u0259 imkan\u0131 yoxdursa, onlar he\u00e7 n\u0259 etmirl\u0259r, \u00e7\u00fcnki \u201cAllah h\u0259r k\u0259si yaln\u0131z onun q\u00fcvv\u0259si \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f ed\u0259r\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 286). Bax. \u201c\u0259l-M\u00fc\u011fni\u201d 4\/396.<\/p>\n Bu h\u0259m\u00e7inin, tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 oruc g\u00fcnl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259k imkan\u0131 olmayan hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlara da aiddir.<\/p>\n Kas\u0131blara yem\u0259k \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 pul verm\u0259k icaz\u0259li deyildir! Al\u0259ml\u0259rin R\u0259bbi olan Allaha h\u0259md olsun! T\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 ed\u0259n: Xumar \u018fr\u015fadl\u0131 ________________________________________ Vib.az<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n oruc tutmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 ixtilaflarla \u0259laq\u0259dar olaraq, bir \u00e7ox m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259mizdir\u0259n analar\u0131n oruc tutub-tutmamas\u0131, icaz\u0259li halda tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 orucu q\u0259za edib-etm\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 suallar maraqland\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130n\u015f\u0259Allah bu suallara b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc d\u0259lill\u0259rl\u0259 cavab veril\u0259c\u0259kdir. Z\u0259rur\u0259t oldu\u011fu halda hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n orucu pozmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 \u018fn\u0259s ibn Malikd\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259t…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":156599,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile-300x210.jpg",300,210,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false],"newsmatic-featured":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false],"newsmatic-list":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false],"newsmatic-thumb":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",286,200,false],"newsmatic-small":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",136,95,false],"newsmatic-grid":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",357,250,false],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/04\/ramazanhamile.jpg",500,350,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Ramazan<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n oruc tutmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 ixtilaflarla \u0259laq\u0259dar olaraq, bir \u00e7ox m\u00fcs\u0259lman qad\u0131nlar\u0131, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 \u0259mizdir\u0259n analar\u0131n oruc tutub-tutmamas\u0131, icaz\u0259li halda tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 orucu q\u0259za edib-etm\u0259m\u0259l\u0259ri bar\u0259d\u0259 suallar maraqland\u0131r\u0131r. \u0130n\u015f\u0259Allah bu suallara b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc d\u0259lill\u0259rl\u0259 cavab veril\u0259c\u0259kdir. Z\u0259rur\u0259t oldu\u011fu halda hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n orucu pozmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 \u018fn\u0259s ibn Malikd\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259t...","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/156598"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=156598"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/156598\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/156599"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=156598"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=156598"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=156598"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
\n<\/strong>\u018fn\u0259s ibn Malikd\u0259n r\u0259vay\u0259t olunur ki, Allah\u0131n El\u00e7isi (sallalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259m buyurmu\u015fdur): \u201cAllah Azz\u0259 v\u0259 C\u0259ll\u0259 misafiri (s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olan\u0131) namaz\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan v\u0259 oruc tutmaq \u00f6hd\u0259liyind\u0259n, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcdver\u0259n analar\u0131 is\u0259 oruc tutmaq v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259n azad etmi\u015fdir\u201d \u018fbu Davud, 2408; \u0259t-Tirmizi, 715; \u0259n-N\u0259sai. H\u0259disin s\u0259hihliyini imam \u0130sa \u0259t-Tirmizi, iman \u0130bn Huzeym\u0259 v\u0259 \u015feyx \u018flbani t\u0259sdiql\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
\n\u0130brahim \u0259n-N\u0259h\u0259i r\u0259vay\u0259t edib: \u201c Bir g\u00fcn bir qad\u0131n \u018flq\u0259m\u0259nin yan\u0131na g\u0259lib dedi: \u201cM\u0259n hamil\u0259y\u0259m, lakin oruc tuta bil\u0259r\u0259m, amma \u0259rim m\u0259n\u0259 icaz\u0259 vermir\u201d. O zaman \u018flq\u0259m\u0259 ona dedi: \u201cAllah\u0131n \u0259mrin\u0259 tabe ol v\u0259 \u0259rinin s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 qulaq asma!\u201d \u018fbdur-R\u0259zzaq \u2116 7566.
\n\u0130mam \u0130bn \u018fqil demi\u015fdir: \u201c\u018fg\u0259r hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar d\u00f6l\u0259 v\u0259 ya k\u00f6rp\u0259y\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r toxunaca\u011f\u0131ndan qorxurlarsa, o zaman onlar oruc tutmamal\u0131d\u0131rlar, lakin \u0259g\u0259r qorxmurlarsa, oruc tutmamaq onlara qada\u011fand\u0131r!\u201d. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-\u0130nsaf\u201d 7\/382.
\n\u015eeyx \u0130bn Useymin demi\u015fdir: \u201cHamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131na z\u0259rur\u0259t olmadan oruc tutmamaq qada\u011fand\u0131r!\u201d Bax. \u201cF\u0259t\u0259va \u0259s-s\u0131yam\u201d 161.
\nBel\u0259likl\u0259, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, sad\u0259c\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdirm\u0259 v\u0259 ya hamil\u0259lik s\u0259b\u0259bil\u0259 yox, yaln\u0131z qorxduqlar\u0131 halda oruc tutmaya bil\u0259rl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 aliml\u0259r aras\u0131nda 5 geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f r\u0259y m\u00f6vcuddur, lakin onlardan yaln\u0131z biri do\u011fru r\u0259ydir, \u00e7\u00fcnki h\u0259qiq\u0259t birdir, ixtilaflar\u0131n is\u0259 ona he\u00e7 bir aidiyyat\u0131 yoxdur. \u0130mam Malik demi\u015fdir: \u201cAllaha and olsun ki, h\u0259qiq\u0259t yaln\u0131z birdir v\u0259 bir-birin\u0259 zidd olan r\u0259yin h\u0259r ikisi eyni zamanda do\u011fru ola bilm\u0259z!\u201d Bax. \u201cC\u0259miul-b\u0259nil-ilm\u201d 2\/82.<\/p>\n
\nBirinci r\u0259y ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmaqla m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fdirl\u0259r v\u0259 buraxd\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r g\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn fidy\u0259 olaraq bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedizdirm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. Bu imam Malikin, \u0259\u015f-\u015e\u0259fiinin v\u0259 \u018fhm\u0259din r\u0259yi olub. Bax. \u201cT\u00fchf\u0259tul-\u0259xvazi\u201d 3\/402. Lakin b\u0259zi \u015fafiil\u0259r v\u0259 h\u0259nb\u0259lil\u0259r hesab edirdil\u0259r ki, \u0259g\u0259r qad\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi qorxusu il\u0259 oruc tutmursa, o zaman kas\u0131b yedirtm\u0259d\u0259n, sad\u0259c\u0259 tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 oruc g\u00fcnl\u0259rini q\u0259za etm\u0259lidir. Bax., \u201cS\u0259hih fiqh\u00fcs-S\u00fcnn\u0259\u201d 2\/15.<\/p>\n
\nOnlar\u0131n fikrinc\u0259, Allah\u0131n \u015e\u0259ri\u0259tind\u0259 \u0259sas \u2013 h\u0259r bir m\u00fcs\u0259lman\u0131n oruc tutmaqla m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f olmas\u0131d\u0131r, bu is\u0259 h\u0259m hamil\u0259l\u0259r\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlara aiddir, \u00e7\u00fcnki onlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn he\u00e7 bir istisna edilm\u0259yib. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n, onlar da \u00fcz\u00fcrl\u00fc \u015f\u0259ri\u0259t s\u0259b\u0259bil\u0259 orucunu tuta bilm\u0259mi\u015f dig\u0259rl\u0259ri kimi, buraxd\u0131qlar\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u0259rin q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
\nH\u0259dis: \u201cAllah Azz\u0259 v\u0259 C\u0259ll\u0259 misafiri (s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olan\u0131) namaz\u0131n yar\u0131s\u0131ndan v\u0259 oruc tutmaq \u00f6hd\u0259liyind\u0259n, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcdver\u0259n analar\u0131 is\u0259 oruc tutmaq v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259n azad etmi\u015fdir\u201d.Onlar bildirir ki, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n ad\u0131 h\u0259disd\u0259 s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olanlarla birg\u0259 \u00e7\u0259kilir, s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olan is\u0259 tutmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u0259rin q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmaqla m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fdir. H\u0259m\u00e7inin, onlar hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 edirl\u0259r, \u00e7\u00fcnki x\u0259st\u0259 insan \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259r g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yi qorxusu il\u0259 oruc tutmur, lakin o da buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u0259rin q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmaqla m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259fdir.<\/p>\n
\nOnlar\u0131n r\u0259yi bundan ibar\u0259tdir ki, Uca Allah\u0131n \u015f\u0259ri\u0259tdind\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdirm\u0259 v\u0259 hamil\u0259lik s\u0259b\u0259bil\u0259 oruc tutmama\u011fa icaz\u0259 var. N\u0259 Quranda, n\u0259 d\u0259 S\u00fcnn\u0259d\u0259 onlar\u0131n tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 oruc g\u00fcnl\u0259rini q\u0259za etm\u0259kl\u0259 m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f olduqlar\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 he\u00e7 bir d\u0259lil yoxdur. Uca Allah yaln\u0131z 5 sinif insan\u0131 orucun q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131 tutmaqla m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f edib: s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olan, x\u0259st\u0259, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc q\u0259sd\u0259n qusduran, ayba\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 ya do\u011fumsonras\u0131 qanaxmas\u0131 olan qad\u0131n. Bunlar\u0131 xat\u0131rladan \u0130bn H\u0259zm demi\u015fdir: \u201cHe\u00e7 bir insan Quran m\u0259tni v\u0259 ya S\u00fcnn\u0259 il\u0259 v\u0259 ya yekdil r\u0259yl\u0259 (\u0259l-icma) t\u0259sdiql\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259n bir \u015feyi m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f ed\u0259 bilm\u0259z\u201d. Daha sonra o bu ay\u0259ni oxumu\u015fdur: \u201cAllah\u0131n qoydu\u011fu h\u00fcdudlar\u0131 a\u015fan kims\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 z\u00fclm etmi\u015f olar\u201d (Talaq, 1).<\/p>\n
\nH\u0259m\u00e7inin r\u0259vay\u0259t olunur ki, bir d\u0259f\u0259 hamil\u0259 h\u0259yat yolda\u015f\u0131n\u0131n oruc tutmaqda \u00e7\u0259tinlik \u00e7\u0259kdiyini g\u00f6r\u0259n \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259r ona demi\u015fdir: \u201cOrucu t\u0259rk el\u0259, \u00e7\u00fcnki s\u0259n onu tutma\u011fa taq\u0259ti olmayanlardansan. Odur ki, tuta bilm\u0259diyin h\u0259r g\u00fcn \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedirt v\u0259 orucunu q\u0259za el\u0259m\u0259\u201d. N\u0259fi r\u0259vay\u0259t edib ki, \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259r eyni \u015feyi \u00f6z hamil\u0259 q\u0131z\u0131na da \u0259mr edib. \u0259d-Darakutni 2\/207\/10. \u0130snad\u0131n s\u0259hihliyini imam\u0259d-Darakutni v\u0259 \u015feyx \u0259l-\u018flbani t\u0259sdiq edibl\u0259r. Bax. \u201c\u0130ruaul-qalil\u201d 4\/20.<\/p>\n
\n\u0130kincisi, \u0130bn Abbas\u0131n \u201cm\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n olunmu\u015fdur\u201d dem\u0259si ona i\u015far\u0259dir ki, bu onun \u015f\u0259xsi fikri v\u0259 ya Quran\u0131 anlamas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 deyil v\u0259 o bunu Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (sallalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259m) S\u00fcnn\u0259sind\u0259n bilirmi\u015f. \u00c7\u00fcnki s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259r dind\u0259 he\u00e7 bir \u015feyi m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etmirdil\u0259r. Bax. \u201c\u0130ruaul-qalil\u201d 4\/38.<\/p>\n
\nBir d\u0259f\u0259 S\u0259id ibn \u0259l-Musayyib\u0259d\u0259n [2] hans\u0131sa bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 bar\u0259d\u0259 soru\u015furlar v\u0259 o deyir: \u201cBu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 bar\u0259sind\u0259 Pey\u011f\u0259mb\u0259rin (sallalahu aleyhi v\u0259 s\u0259ll\u0259m) s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259ri ixtilaf edirdil\u0259r, m\u0259nim r\u0259yimin is\u0259 onlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda yeri yoxdur!\u201d. \u0130bn Abdul B\u0259rr \u201cCamiul-b\u0259nil-ilm\u201d 1423.<\/p>\n
\n\u0130bn M\u0259sud demi\u015fdir: \u201c\u00d6z dinind\u0259 insanlara kor-koran\u0259 t\u0259qlid etm\u0259, lakin \u0259g\u0259r etm\u0259li olsan, \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r\u0259 (y\u0259ni, s\u0259hab\u0259l\u0259r\u0259) t\u0259qlid et, diril\u0259r\u0259 yox!\u201d \u0259l-Xat\u0131b 1\/438, \u0259l-L\u0259l\u0259kai 131. \u0130snad\u0131 yax\u015f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>\u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc r\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar\u0131n s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olan v\u0259 ya x\u0259st\u0259 il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259sin\u0259 dair analogiyaya cavab: birincisi, s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olanlar\u0131n v\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259rin tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 oruc g\u00fcnl\u0259rini q\u0259za etm\u0259l\u0259rini Allah \u00f6z\u00fc \u0259mr edir: \u201cX\u0259st\u0259 v\u0259 ya s\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259 olanlar is\u0259 ba\u015fqa g\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259 eyni sayda (oruc tutmal\u0131d\u0131r)\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 185). Amma, s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n v\u0259 hamil\u0259 qad\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00f6z orucunu q\u0259za etm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 n\u0259 Quranda, n\u0259 d\u0259 S\u00fcnn\u0259d\u0259 he\u00e7 bir d\u0259lil yoxdur.<\/p>\n
\nM\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 buras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, Uca Allah m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 oruc tutmaqla m\u00fck\u0259ll\u0259f ed\u0259nd\u0259, O m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlara ya oruc tutma\u011fa, ya da buraxd\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedirtm\u0259y\u0259 icaz\u0259 vermi\u015fdir: \u201cBuna taq\u0259ti olmayanlar is\u0259 (buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259) bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedirtm\u0259kl\u0259 fidy\u0259 verm\u0259lidirl\u0259r\u201d (B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 184).<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>Qocalar, hamil\u0259 v\u0259 s\u00fcd\u0259mizdir\u0259n qad\u0131nlar kas\u0131b yedirdilm\u0259si m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 eyni h\u00f6km\u00fc da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rlar. Onlar tutmad\u0131qlar\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131, t\u0259qrib\u0259n 1,5 kq-a m\u00fcvafiq olan yar\u0131m sa v\u0259 ya bir mudd qida il\u0259 yedirtm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. \u0130bn Abbas demi\u015fdir: \u201cQoca insan oruc tuta bilm\u0259y\u0259nd\u0259, o h\u0259r g\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b\u0131 bir mudd qida il\u0259 yedirdir\u201d, dig\u0259r variantda is\u0259 deyilir: \u201cYar\u0131m sa bu\u011fda il\u0259 yedirtm\u0259lidir\u201d. \u0259d- D\u0259r\u0259kutni, 1\/249, imam \u0259d-D\u0259r\u0259kutni v\u0259 \u0259l-\u018flbani s\u0259hihliyini t\u0259sdiq edibl\u0259r. Bax. \u201c\u0130ruaul-qalil\u201d 4\/48.<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong>Bu, z\u0259k\u0259t \u0259l-Fitr kimi, m\u0259hz \u0259rzaqla \u00f6d\u0259nilm\u0259li olan bir h\u00f6kmd\u00fcr. \u015eeyx Salih \u0259l-Fauzan deyib: \u201cKas\u0131b\u0131, h\u0259min \u0259razid\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunan yar\u0131m sa qida il\u0259 yedirtm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r, yar\u0131m sa is\u0259 \u2013 t\u0259qrib\u0259n 1,5 kq-d\u0131r. Kas\u0131ba pul \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k yox, m\u0259hz qida il\u0259 yedirtm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnki Uca Allah buyurmu\u015fdur: \u201cBuna taq\u0259ti olmayanlar is\u0259 (buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259) bir kas\u0131b\u0131 yedirtm\u0259kl\u0259 fidy\u0259 verm\u0259lidirl\u0259r\u201d (\u0259l-B\u0259q\u0259r\u0259, 184). Quran m\u0259tni m\u0259hz qidan\u0131 \u0259mr edir!\u201d. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-F\u0259t\u0259v \u0259l-Fauzan\u201d 3\/140.<\/p>\n
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n
\nM\u0259nb\u0259: www.soliha.com<\/strong><\/p>\n
\n[1] Bu, h\u0259m\u00e7inin sa\u011falma\u011fa \u00fcmidi olmayan x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259 aiddir. \u0130mam \u0130bn Qudam\u0259 demi\u015fdir: \u201cSa\u011falma\u011fa \u00fcmidi olmayan x\u0259st\u0259 oruc tutmur v\u0259buraxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 h\u0259r oruc g\u00fcn\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir kas\u0131b yedirdir v\u0259 bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 o qoca insana b\u0259rab\u0259r tutulur\u201d. Bax. \u201c\u0259l-M\u00fc\u011fni\u201d 4\/396.
\n[2] S\u0259id ibn \u0259l-M\u00fcsayib M\u0259din\u0259d\u0259 ya\u015fayan \u0259n elmli ard\u0131c\u0131llardan (tabiun) say\u0131l\u0131r. O, hicri t\u0259qvimi il\u0259 t\u0259qrib\u0259n 90-c\u0131 ild\u0259 v\u0259fat edib. \u0130mam \u0130bn \u0259l-M\u0259dini onun haqq\u0131nda deyirdi: \u201cM\u0259n ard\u0131c\u0131llar (tabiinl\u0259r) aras\u0131nda ondan elmlisini tan\u0131m\u0131ram\u201d. Bax., \u201c\u0259t-T\u0259hzib\u201d 2396.
\n[3] Bu r\u0259yin hikm\u0259tli olmas\u0131n\u0131n n\u00fcmun\u0259si: t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr edin ki, bir hamil\u0259 qad\u0131n oruc tuta bilmir, do\u011fu\u015fdan sonra is\u0259 k\u00f6rp\u0259sini s\u00fcdl\u0259 \u0259mizdirir v\u0259 bu s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259 bir ay da oruc tutmur. Daha sonra o yen\u0259 hamil\u0259 qal\u0131r v\u0259 yen\u0259 k\u00f6rp\u0259sini s\u00fcdl\u0259 \u0259mizdirir. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, onun \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 120 g\u00fcn oruc q\u0259zas\u0131 olur. O bu q\u0259zalar\u0131 n\u0259 zaman tutub qurtaracaq!? V\u0259 bu m\u00f6vcud olan n\u00fcmun\u0259 yox, ger\u00e7\u0259klikdir. Uca Allah buyurub: bu \u201c\u2026dind\u0259 d\u0259 sizin \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn he\u00e7 bir \u00e7\u0259tinlik yaratmad\u0131\u201d (\u0259l-H\u0259cc, 78).
\n[4] \u0130snad: Malik N\u0259fid\u0259n, N\u0259fi \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259rd\u0259n \u2013 \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259rd\u0259n n\u0259ql edil\u0259n \u0259n q\u0131sa v\u0259 s\u0259hih isnad say\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130mam \u0259l-Buxari demi\u015fdir: \u201c\u018fn s\u0259hih isnad \u2013 Malikin N\u0259fid\u0259n \u0130bn \u00d6m\u0259rd\u0259n olan isnad\u0131d\u0131r\u201d. Bax. \u201cM\u00fcq\u0259ddim\u0259 \u0130bn S\u0259ll\u0259h\u201d 1\/62.<\/p>\n