{"id":172521,"date":"2020-05-28T13:21:45","date_gmt":"2020-05-28T10:21:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=172521"},"modified":"2020-05-28T13:21:45","modified_gmt":"2020-05-28T10:21:45","slug":"t%c9%99dqiqatci-erm%c9%99nistanin-isgalciliq-planinin-qarsisinin-alinmasi-ucun-aparilan-muharib%c9%99-axc-ucun-%c9%99n-ciddi-sinaq-idi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=172521","title":{"rendered":"T\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131: Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q plan\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn apar\u0131lan m\u00fcharib\u0259 AXC \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259n ciddi s\u0131naq idi"},"content":{"rendered":"

ARANTV.AZ<\/strong>\u00a0 x\u0259b\u0259r verir ki, Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin (AXC) f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar AMEA \u015e\u0259rq\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q \u0130nstitutunun apar\u0131c\u0131 elmi i\u015f\u00e7isi, tarix \u00fczr\u0259 f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259 doktoru, dosent S\u00fcbhan Tal\u0131bl\u0131\u00a0Trend<\/a>-\u0259 m\u00fcsahib\u0259 verib.<\/p>\n

H\u0259min m\u00fcsahib\u0259ni t\u0259qdim edirik:<\/p>\n

– AXC-nin s\u00fcqutuna hans\u0131 amill\u0259r s\u0259b\u0259b oldu? H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan r\u0259smil\u0259ri bu amill\u0259ri aradan qald\u0131rmaqla d\u00f6vl\u0259ti ya\u015fada bil\u0259rdil\u0259rmi?<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin hakimiyy\u0259ti zaman etibaril\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir d\u00f6vr\u00fc \u0259hat\u0259 etm\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, XX \u0259sr Az\u0259rbaycan tarixind\u0259 x\u00fcsusi rol oynay\u0131b. D\u00f6vr\u00fcn t\u0259l\u0259bi v\u0259 milli m\u0259nafeyimiz namin\u0259 b\u0259rq\u0259rar olan respublika, milli s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259rimiz \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 ali hakimiyy\u0259t h\u00fcququ \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259kl\u0259 xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 tan\u0131nmas\u0131 yolunda da m\u00fch\u00fcm add\u0131mlar atd\u0131. XIX \u0259srin ilk ill\u0259rind\u0259n \u00e7arizmin z\u00fclm y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc \u00f6z \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 da\u015f\u0131ma\u011fa m\u0259cbur olmu\u015f bir xalq 1918-ci ilin 28 may\u0131nda milli istiqlaliyy\u0259tini elan etdi, m\u00fcst\u0259qil daxili v\u0259 xarici siyas\u0259t yeritm\u0259k imkan\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 etmi\u015f oldu. M\u0259mm\u0259d \u018fmin R\u0259sulzad\u0259 v\u0259 onun m\u0259sl\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131 q\u0131sa bir vaxtda yurdumuzun m\u00fcst\u0259qil bir \u00f6lk\u0259 kimi beyn\u0259lxalq al\u0259md\u0259 tan\u0131nmas\u0131na he\u00e7 d\u0259 asan yolla nail olmad\u0131lar, qar\u015f\u0131ya son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 ciddi mane\u0259l\u0259r \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131. Bu mane\u0259l\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131nda m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259\u00e7i d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 regional g\u00fccl\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, xalq\u0131m\u0131za d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n k\u0259silmi\u015f erm\u0259ni da\u015fnaklar\u0131 da az rol oynam\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

AXC H\u00f6kum\u0259ti 1918-ci il may\u0131n 28-d\u0259n iyunun 16-d\u0259k Tiflisd\u0259, iyunun 16-dan sentyabr\u0131n 17-d\u0259k G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259, sentyabr\u0131n 17-d\u0259n 1920-ci il aprelin 28-d\u0259k Bak\u0131da f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rib. M\u00fcasir Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin siyasi v\u0259 h\u00fcquqi varisidir. 1919-cu ilin sonu v\u0259 1920-ci ilin \u0259w\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda v\u0259ziyy\u0259tin \u00e7ox g\u0259rgin olmas\u0131, sovet m\u00fcdaxil\u0259sinin olma t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259si, ictimai q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin, siyasi partiyalar\u0131n q\u00fctbl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n inki\u015faf istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 bax\u0131\u015f v\u0259 m\u00f6vqel\u0259rin bar\u0131\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131, iqtisadi v\u0259 maliyy\u0259 b\u00f6hran\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131, parlament v\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259td\u0259 par\u00e7alanman\u0131n, m\u00f6vcud d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurulu\u015funu devirm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n qruplar\u0131n meydana g\u0259lm\u0259si, regional g\u00fccl\u0259rin h\u0259rbi-siyasi v\u0259 geostrateji planlar\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259k planlar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131, h\u0259tta onun ad\u0131n\u0131n “Az\u0259rbaycan” olmas\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 q\u0131sqancl\u0131qla qar\u015f\u0131layanlar\u0131n olmas\u0131 (AXC-nin qurucusu M\u0259mm\u0259d \u018fmin R\u0259sulzad\u0259 “Ah Az\u0259rbaycan! Biz s\u0259nin haqq\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn deyil, yaln\u0131z ad\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r t\u00f6hm\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259ruz qald\u0131q” demi\u015fdir”) v\u0259 s. s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259r AXC-nin s\u00fcqutuna g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131. Moskva siyas\u0259tind\u0259 Bak\u0131 Qafqaz\u0131n inqilabi, Yax\u0131n \u015e\u0259rq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn siyasi m\u0259rk\u0259zi hesab ediridi. Lenin is\u0259 deyirdi: “Bak\u0131n\u0131 almaq biz\u0259 olduqca v\u0259 olduqca z\u0259ruridir. B\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259yinizi buna verin”.<\/p>\n

27 aprel 1920-ci il Hakimiyy\u0259tin kommunistl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259hvil verilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda parlaman\u0131n q\u0259rar\u0131 Parlamentin s\u0259dri M\u0259mm\u0259d Yusif C\u0259f\u0259rov, d\u0259ft\u0259rxana direktoru V\u0259kilov imzalam\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. S\u0259n\u0259d 6 may 1920-ci ild\u0259 “Kommunist”q\u0259zetind\u0259 d\u0259rc edilib.<\/p>\n

H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 AXC r\u0259smil\u0259rinin C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259timizin m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin u\u011frunda apard\u0131qlar\u0131 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r yetirdikd\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, AXC h\u00f6kum\u0259ti v\u0259 parlamenti h\u0259rbi-siyasi vasit\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6lk\u0259nin \u0259razi b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc qoruma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b, Z\u0259ng\u0259zurun bir hiss\u0259sinin itirilm\u0259sin\u0259 baxmayaraq, Qaraba\u011f v\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van\u0131n itirilm\u0259sin\u0259, erm\u0259ni v\u0259 onlar\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259y\u0259n g\u00fccl\u0259rin \u00f6lk\u0259mizi i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259sin\u0259 yol verm\u0259mi\u015f, bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 ingilisl\u0259r v\u0259 AB\u015e il\u0259 diplomatik dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar apar\u0131b. Yerli \u0259halinin m\u00fcbariz\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Qaraba\u011f v\u0259 Nax\u00e7\u0131van \u0259razisinin Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259si olmas\u0131na nail olunub.<\/p>\n

– \u0130ran AXC-ni bir d\u00f6vl\u0259t kimi tan\u0131ma\u011fa niy\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259dd\u00fcd edirdi v\u0259 sonradan n\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 o, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 ilk tan\u0131yan \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri oldu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

– AXC-nin \u0130ran Qacar d\u00f6vl\u0259ti il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00f6vqeyin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r sald\u0131qda g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, 1918-ci ilin 28 may\u0131nda Tiflisd\u0259 Qafqaz Cani\u015fin saray\u0131n\u0131n ikinci m\u0259rt\u0259b\u0259sind\u0259ki b\u00f6y\u00fck salonda ke\u00e7iril\u0259n ilk iclas\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 elan edilib v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n 6 b\u0259ndd\u0259n ibar\u0259t “Miilli istiqlal b\u0259yannam\u0259si”nd\u0259ki m\u00fcst\u0259qil v\u0259 qon\u015fu d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin qurulmas\u0131 z\u0259rur\u0259ti prinsipl\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n c\u0259nub qon\u015fusu olan \u0130ranla da normal m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edirdi. AXC-nin Osmanl\u0131 imperiyas\u0131nda ilk s\u0259firi olmu\u015f Yusif V\u0259zir \u00c7\u0259m\u0259nz\u0259minli “Xarici siyas\u0259timiz” \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “Rusla \u0130ran\u0131n aras\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259ti t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl etdi. Rus qorxusuna qar\u015f\u0131 Qafqaz ordular\u0131 d\u00f6\u015fl\u0259rini sip\u0259r ed\u0259r\u0259k durdular v\u0259 duracaqlar. \u0130ran da asud\u0259 n\u0259f\u0259s alma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Bundan sonra iki qon\u015fu v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda dostluq h\u00fcsul\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259lidir. \u0130ranla aram\u0131zda m\u0259chul v\u0259 ixtilafl\u0131 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 yoxdur. \u0130ki qon\u015fu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin t\u0259r\u0259qqisi yaln\u0131z dostluq il\u0259 ola bil\u0259r. \u0130ran bizi tutarsa v\u0259 bizi m\u00fcst\u0259qil dey\u0259 tan\u0131rsa, \u00f6z\u00fc \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015fimal tufan\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 sip\u0259r qazanar”.<\/p>\n

Y.V.\u00c7\u0259m\u0259nz\u0259minli “M\u00fcst\u0259qilliyimizi ist\u0259yiriks\u0259…” adl\u0131 dig\u0259r \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131r: “D\u00f6vl\u0259timizin Az\u0259rbaycan adland\u0131\u011f\u0131 sui-t\u0259f\u0259hh\u00fcml\u0259r\u0259 (yanl\u0131\u015f anlamlara) s\u0259b\u0259b oldu. Halbuki, T\u0259briz \u0259yal\u0259tinin, y\u0259ni \u0130ran Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ran\u0131n olub-olmamas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 ortal\u0131qda he\u00e7 bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 yoxdur. \u0130ran\u0131n h\u00fcququna t\u0259cav\u00fcz etm\u0259k fikrind\u0259 deyilik, olmam\u0131\u015f\u0131q v\u0259 olmayaca\u011f\u0131q. Bizim t\u0259r\u0259qqi v\u0259 istirah\u0259timizi t\u0259min ed\u0259n yaln\u0131z qon\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z il\u0259 dostlu\u011fumuz olacaqd\u0131r”.<\/p>\n

\u0130ran Qacar D\u00f6vl\u0259tinin Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 siyas\u0259tini ara\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131qda \u015fahid oluruq ki, \u0130ran\u0131n r\u0259smi diplomatik n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri “Az\u0259rbaycan” ad\u0131na etiraz etm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, \u0130ran\u0131n \u015fimal\u0131nda m\u00fcst\u0259qil d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin, x\u00fcsus\u0259n m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0130ran\u0131n m\u0259nafeyin\u0259 uy\u011fun hesab edirdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Qacar \u0130ran d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin bir s\u0131ra d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259r kimi uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t AXC-ni tan\u0131maqdan imtina etm\u0259si, ona \u0259razi iddialar\u0131 ir\u0259li s\u00fcrm\u0259si v\u0259 bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Paris s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131nda s\u0259y g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259si, yaln\u0131z m\u00fctt\u0259fiql\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n r\u0259sm\u0259n tan\u0131nmas\u0131ndan sonra \u0130ran\u0131n AXC-ni tan\u0131mas\u0131 fakt\u0131, M\u00fcsavat h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f yolunu \u0130ranla h\u0259mr\u0259ylikd\u0259 g\u00f6rm\u0259si, \u00f6lk\u0259mizin “Muxtar C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t” adland\u0131rmas\u0131 v\u0259 s. m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0130ran \u0130slam Respublikas\u0131 Xarici \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyinin S\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r v\u0259 Diplomatiya Tarixi M\u0259rk\u0259zinin n\u0259\u015fr etdirdiyi “Hey\u0259t-e Fou\u011falade-ye \u011e\u0259f\u011faziyy\u0259” s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259r toplusu kitab\u0131nda tam ayd\u0131nl\u0131q g\u0259tirilmi\u015fdir. Paris s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131nda t\u0259qdim etdiyi memorandumunda \u0130ran Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn ke\u00e7mi\u015f xanl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 iddia ir\u0259li s\u00fcrd\u00fc. Lakin \u0130ran getdikc\u0259 AXC-\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u0259razi iddialar\u0131n\u0131n perspektivsizliyini ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc v\u0259 siyasi reall\u0131qlarla raz\u0131la\u015fmaq m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Diplomatik m\u00fcnasib\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259ldikd\u0259, \u0130ranla AXC aras\u0131nda ilk diplomatik m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r 1919-cu ilin yaz\u0131nda \u0130smay\u0131l xan Ziyadxan\u0131n (Adil xan\u0131n qarda\u015f\u0131) ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 Tehran F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 missiyan\u0131n g\u00f6nd\u0259rilm\u0259si il\u0259 quruldu. Bu missiya \u0130ran h\u00f6kum\u0259ti il\u0259 bir s\u0131ra \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r \u00fczr\u0259 ilkin dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar apar\u0131b, AXC-nin diplomatik n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyinin, \u0130ran\u0131n s\u0259rh\u0259d v\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zi m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 konsulluqlar\u0131n yaranmas\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rini m\u00fczakir\u0259 edib.<\/p>\n

1919-cu ilin yanvar ay\u0131n\u0131n s\u043enunda F\u0259t\u0259li xan X\u043eyski h\u00f6kum\u0259ti elan etdi ki, bundan \u00f6nc\u0259 ad\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f Adil xan\u0131n qarda\u015f\u0131 \u0130smay\u0131l xan Ziyadxanl\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 Tehrana bir hey\u0259t g\u00f6nd\u0259rilir. Bununla da \u043e, qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 anla\u015fma \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir add\u0131m at\u0131rd\u0131. \u0130smay\u0131l xan Ziyadxanl\u0131 h\u0259min ild\u0259, y\u0259ni 1919-cu il aprel ay\u0131n\u0131n \u043ertalar\u0131nda \u018fnz\u0259li y\u043elu il\u0259 \u0130rana daxil \u043eldu. Yar\u0131 r\u0259smi “\u0130ran” q\u0259zeti “Q\u043enaq bizd\u0259ndir” adl\u0131 d\u0259rc etdirdiyi bir m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 “Qafqaz islam mill\u0259tinin” n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sinin \u0130rana g\u0259li\u015find\u0259n m\u0259mnunlu\u011funu bildir\u0259r\u0259k yaz\u0131r: “Bu m\u00f6ht\u0259r\u0259m q\u043enaq bizd\u0259ndir, y\u0259ni \u043e tayfadand\u0131r ki, \u0130randa 100 ild\u0259n art\u0131q s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259t etmi\u015f, s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0259sl m\u0259nas\u0131nda \u0130ran d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin v\u0259 mill\u0259tinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259sidir. C\u0259nab \u0130smay\u0131l xan Ziyadxanl\u0131 (Qacar) tayfas\u0131ndand\u0131r, bunlar G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 \u0259n m\u00f6ht\u0259r\u0259m v\u0259 etibarl\u0131 xanlardan say\u0131l\u0131rlar v\u0259 \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131 h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin i\u015f\u011fal\u0131ndan \u00f6nc\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 h\u00f6kmranl\u0131q edibl\u0259r”. Xarici \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyi r\u0259smil\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0130smay\u0131l xan aras\u0131nda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif sah\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 \u0130ran t\u0259b\u0259\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 d\u0259ymi\u015f x\u0259sar\u0259tin qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6d\u0259m\u0259k, p\u043e\u00e7t v\u0259 ticar\u0259t sah\u0259sind\u0259ki pr\u043ebleml\u0259rin h\u0259lli il\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n ba\u015fqa \u015e\u0259rqi Qafqaz xanl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00f6vzusu \u0259sas m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri idi.<\/p>\n

Bu arada Tehranda \u0130smay\u0131l xan Ziyadxanl\u0131 v\u0259 \u0130ran Xarici i\u015fl\u0259r nazirlyi aras\u0131nda c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n m\u00fczakir\u0259l\u0259r, Bak\u0131 m\u00fchitind\u0259n uzaq \u043eldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 nisbi nailiyy\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi. M\u00fczakir\u0259 m\u00f6vzusu \u043elan m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r haqq\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n raz\u0131l\u0131\u015fmalar \u0259ld\u0259 edildi v\u0259 4 iyun 1919-cu ild\u0259 \u0130smay\u0131l xan Ziyadxanl\u0131 il\u0259 Rus idar\u0259sinin m\u00fcdiri M\u00f6t\u0259s\u0259m\u00fcl S\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259nin imzas\u0131 il\u0259 14 madd\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t m\u00fcqavil\u0259 layih\u0259si imzaland\u0131. Bu m\u00fcqavil\u0259d\u0259 AXC-nin tan\u0131nmas\u0131, yaxud da iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda m\u00fc\u015ft\u0259r\u0259k s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259r m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si m\u00fczakir\u0259 \u043ebyekti \u043elmal\u0131 idi. Daha d\u043e\u011frusu, \u0259sas m\u00fczakir\u0259 obyekti iki d\u00f6vl\u0259t aras\u0131nda ticari m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00f6vcud pr\u043ebleml\u0259rin t\u0259cili aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 v\u0259t\u0259nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131n q\u043erunmas\u0131 \u043eldu. Bununla bel\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259 t\u0259sdiql\u0259nib q\u0259bul m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7atan kimi \u043e da l\u0259\u011fv edildi. Bel\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7arp\u0131r ki, Bak\u0131 h\u00f6kum\u0259ti bu raz\u0131la\u015fman\u0131n t\u0259nziml\u0259nm\u0259si pr\u043esesind\u0259n x\u0259b\u0259rsiz \u043elub. S\u043enrak\u0131 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 Bak\u0131da bu raz\u0131la\u015fma haqq\u0131nda s\u00f6hb\u0259t getdiyind\u0259 bu m\u00f6vzu n\u0259tic\u0259siz qald\u0131.<\/p>\n

A.Ziyadxanl\u0131 1919-cu il sentyabr\u0131n 23-d\u0259 AXC-nin s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli s\u0259firi kimi \u0130rana g\u00f6nd\u0259rildi v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n siyas\u0259tin\u0259 uy\u011fun olaraq, Tehranda diplomatik f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Adil xana s\u0259firliyin a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 50 min manat, \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ya\u015famas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn is\u0259 25 min manat pul ayr\u0131l\u0131b.<\/p>\n

1919-cu ild\u0259 Bak\u0131da A.Ziyadxanl\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00fcst\u00fc yaz\u0131laraq Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin \u0130randak\u0131 s\u0259firliyin\u0259 t\u0259qdim etdiyi “Az\u0259rbaycan haqq\u0131nda (tarixi, \u0259d\u0259bi v\u0259 siyasi m\u0259lumat)” s\u0259n\u0259 (il) hicri-1388, miladi-1919, Bak\u0131, h\u00f6kum\u0259t m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7ap olunmu\u015f \u0259s\u0259rinin \u0259r\u0259b \u0259lifbas\u0131 il\u0259 t\u00fcrkc\u0259 n\u00fcsx\u0259sinin sur\u0259ti vard\u0131r ki, s\u0259firliyin m\u00f6h\u00fcr\u00fc il\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259sdiq edilib. Adil xan \u00f6z x\u0259tti il\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar\u0131 yaz\u0131b:
\n21 mart 1920. “Novruz bayram\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin r\u0259smi sur\u0259td\u0259 tan\u0131nmas\u0131 v\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 olaraq Tehranda s\u0259firliyin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 v\u0259 bayraq qald\u0131rmaq m\u00fcnasib\u0259til\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan s\u0259far\u0259tin\u0259 yadigar olmaq \u00fczr\u0259 verildi”.<\/p>\n

A.Ziyadxanl\u0131 28 may 1918-ci ild\u0259 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Q\u0259l\u0259min u\u00e7u\u015fu” \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130rana s\u0259fir t\u0259yin edilm\u0259sini bel\u0259 t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr edib: “\u0130ran \u015eah\u0259n\u015fahl\u0131\u011f\u0131 yan\u0131nda ilk S\u0259far\u0259tin iftixar\u0131 bu s\u0259tirl\u0259rin m\u00fc\u0259llifin\u0259 n\u0259sib oldu. 15 yanvar 1920-ci il tarixind\u0259 Tehrana daxil oldum. Ali d\u00f6vl\u0259t r\u0259hb\u0259rl\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n r\u0259sm\u0259n q\u0259bul edil\u0259r\u0259k \u00f6z etimadnam\u0259mi t\u0259qdim edib, Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin Kiyan paytaxt\u0131nda ilk s\u0259far\u0259txan\u0259sini t\u0259sis etdim v\u0259 bununla da Tehranda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259firlikl\u0259r, nazirlikl\u0259r v\u0259 siyasi n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259likl\u0259rin s\u0131ras\u0131na daxil oldum”.<\/p>\n

M\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi, \u0130randak\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan s\u0259firliyi 28 aprel 1920-ci il tarixin\u0259d\u0259k f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rib. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 sovet qo\u015funlar\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal ed\u0259nd\u0259n sonra A.Ziyadxanl\u0131 v\u0259zif\u0259sind\u0259n k\u0259narda qald\u0131, \u0130ran Qacar d\u00f6vl\u0259tind\u0259n siyasi s\u0131\u011f\u0131nacaq alaraq orada v\u0259killik pe\u015f\u0259si il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00c7\u00fcnki Az\u0259rbaycana qay\u0131daca\u011f\u0131 t\u0259qdird\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259r onu da qarda\u015f\u0131 \u0130smay\u0131l xan kimi g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259y\u0259c\u0259kdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

– AXC d\u00f6vr\u00fc il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 bilm\u0259diyimiz hans\u0131 yeni faktlar \u0259ld\u0259 edilib?<\/strong><\/p>\n

– T\u0259dqiqatlar zaman\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyimiz \u0259sas faktlar \u0130ranla m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 aiddir. Maraql\u0131 farklardan birincisi budur ki, Az\u0259rbaycanla \u0130ran aras\u0131nda qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 anla\u015fma yaranma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131. Bu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 Avropaya s\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan \u0130ran \u015fah\u0131n\u0131n 1919-cu il avqust ay\u0131n\u0131n 16-da yol\u00fcst\u00fc Bak\u0131da dayanmas\u0131 m\u00fcsb\u0259t rol oynad\u0131. \u015eah mehriban qonaqp\u0259rv\u0259rlik \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Az\u0259rbaycan hokum\u0259tin\u0259 minn\u0259tdarl\u0131q bildirdi. Bak\u0131dan qatarla ged\u0259n \u0130ran \u015fah\u0131n\u0131 Adil xan Ziyadxanl\u0131 Batuma q\u0259d\u0259r m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t etdi. Yolda Ziyadxanl\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ran\u0131n yeni xarici i\u015fl\u0259r naziri Firuz Mirz\u0259 N\u00fcsr\u0259t\u00fcdd\u00f6vl\u0259 il\u0259 d\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259tl\u0259ri oldu. (Firuz Mirz\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 Paris s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131nda \u0130ran n\u00fcmy\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259tinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 t\u0259yin olunmu\u015fdu). \u0130ran \u015fah\u0131n\u0131n Bak\u0131da g\u00f6rd\u00fckl\u0259ri, e\u015fitdikl\u0259ri, Ziyadxanl\u0131n\u0131n \u0130ran naziri il\u0259 s\u00f6hb\u0259tl\u0259ri \u0130ran r\u0259hb\u0259rliyind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan haqq\u0131nda obyektiv fikir yaratma\u011fa t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rib.<\/p>\n

\u0130kincisi is\u0259, 1920-ci il yanvar ay\u0131n\u0131n 4-d\u0259 AXC-nin \u0130randak\u0131 ilk s\u0259firi A.Ziyadxanl\u0131n\u0131n Tehrana g\u0259lm\u0259si il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyi geni\u015f f\u0259aliyy\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. Diplomatik n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liy\u0259 xas olan v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, A.Ziyadxan\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri \u0130randa ya\u015fayan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin m\u0259d\u0259ni-maarif i\u015fin\u0259 yard\u0131m etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \u00dc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fc fakt odur ki, \u0130ranla dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar\u0131n birind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259yi \u0130randan t\u0259l\u0259b etdi ki, erm\u0259nil\u0259r Nax\u00e7\u0131vana qar\u015f\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tl\u0259rin\u0259 s\u043en q\u043eysunlar. Bel\u0259 ki, \u0130ran erm\u0259nil\u0259ri Nax\u00e7\u0131van \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccumlarda yax\u0131ndan i\u015ftirak edirdi. \u0130ran h\u00f6kum\u0259ti da\u015fnaklar\u0131n Nax\u00e7\u0131vandan 60 min az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131n\u0131 G\u00fcney Az\u0259rbaycana k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrm\u0259k bar\u0259d\u0259 plan\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 s. \u0130ran h\u00f6kum\u0259ti bununla ba\u011fl\u0131 m\u00fcvafiq t\u0259dbirl\u0259r g\u00f6r\u0259c\u0259yin\u0259 s\u00f6z verdi.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc fakt odur, 1919-cu ilin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n \u0130randak\u0131 s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyinin \u00fczv\u00fc Mirz\u0259 H\u0259bibulla xan Tehrandan Bak\u0131ya qay\u0131d\u0131b v\u0259 \u0130ran h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin tutdu\u011fu m\u00f6vqe bar\u0259sind\u0259 h\u00f6kum\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259lumat verib. M\u0259lumatda g\u00f6st\u0259rilir ki, \u0130ran h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini tan\u0131y\u0131r v\u0259 dipl\u043ematik m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259ri, mal m\u00fcbadil\u0259sini yenid\u0259n b\u0259rpa etm\u0259y\u0259 haz\u0131rd\u0131. Bu m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259 \u0130ran h\u00f6k\u00fcm\u0259ti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n AXC-nin dipl\u043ematik n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri kimi tan\u0131n\u0131b. \u041enlardan biri Tehranda, dig\u0259ri is\u0259 T\u0259brizd\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n

Be\u015finci fakt son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli v\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcmd\u00fcr. 1919-cu ilin iyununda bir qrup Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si Tehranda \u043elub. Az\u0259rbaycan dipl\u043ematik hey\u0259tini \u0130ran \u015fah\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fc q\u0259bul edib. G\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatda deyilir ki, 45 d\u0259qiq\u0259 davam ed\u0259n dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar ancaq t\u00fcrk dilind\u0259 apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u0130randa apar\u0131lan dan\u0131\u015f\u0131qlar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 p\u043e\u00e7t, teleqraf, g\u00f6mr\u00fck v\u0259 ticar\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259ri \u00fczr\u0259 m\u00fcqavil\u0259l\u0259r imzalan\u0131b. \u018fld\u0259 \u043elunmu\u015f raz\u0131l\u0131\u011fa \u0259sas\u0259n Bak\u0131da \u0130ran s\u0259firliyi, Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Tehranda s\u0259firliyi v\u0259 T\u0259brizd\u0259 ba\u015f k\u043ensullu\u011fu t\u0259sis edildi.<\/p>\n

Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, \u0130smay\u0131l xan Ziyadxanl\u0131 AXC-nin dig\u0259r siyasi, ictimai v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t xadiml\u0259ri kimi 28 aprel 1920-ci ild\u0259 s\u043evetl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n h\u0259bs \u043elunaraq m\u0259hk\u0259m\u0259 q\u0259rar\u0131 olmadan g\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259ndi. Bu haqda T.Svyat\u043ex\u043evski “Rus Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131. 1905-1920” \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 yaz\u0131r: “\u018fski qurulu\u015fun dig\u0259r b\u0259zi \u00fczvl\u0259rinin durumu \u043e q\u0259d\u0259r d\u0259 yax\u015f\u0131 deyildi. 27 aprelin sabah\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fc, h\u0259bsl\u0259r v\u0259 edamlar ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131, iki h\u0259ft\u0259 s\u043enra is\u0259 k\u043emmunist h\u00f6kum\u0259tin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t qanla yat\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b. N\u0259sib b\u0259y Yusifb\u0259yli, \u0130smay\u0131l xan Ziyadxanl\u0131, Xudadat b\u0259y R\u0259fib\u0259yli, F\u0259t\u0259li xan X\u043eyski v\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y A\u011fazad\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcl\u0259nl\u0259r aras\u0131ndayd\u0131, s\u043en iki n\u0259f\u0259r Tiflis\u0259 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn zaman\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc”.<\/p>\n

AXC d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Parlamentind\u0259 t\u00fcrk-m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisin\u0259 80, erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 21, ruslara 10, almanlara 1, y\u0259hudil\u0259r\u0259 1, g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259 1, polyaklara 1 yer ayr\u0131ld\u0131. Parlament 17 ay \u0259rzind\u0259 145 iclas ke\u00e7irib, m\u00fczakir\u0259sin\u0259 270-d\u0259n \u00e7ox qanun lahiy\u0259si \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131b, onlardan 230-u q\u0259bul olunub, Parlamentd\u0259 11 fraksiya v\u0259 11 komissiya f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rib.<\/p>\n

Son olaraq qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, AXC d\u00f6vr\u00fc il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259 elmi t\u0259dqiqat i\u015fl\u0259ri, \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259r yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, disertasiyalar m\u00fcdafi\u0259 edilmi\u015fdir. Z\u0259nnimc\u0259, AXC d\u00f6vr\u00fc il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 ist\u0259r \u00f6lk\u0259mizd\u0259, ist\u0259rs\u0259 d\u0259 xaricd\u0259 b\u0259zi materiallar var ki, onlar elm\u0259 v\u0259 ictimaiyy\u0259t\u0259 m\u0259lum deyil. Bu bax\u0131mdan AXC d\u00f6vr\u00fc il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 materiallar\u0131n xarici \u00f6lk\u0259rin K\u0130V v\u0259 elmi ictimaiyy\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 yax\u015f\u0131 olard\u0131.<\/p>\n

– AXC-nin ordu quruculu\u011fu v\u0259 milli t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik sah\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00f6rd\u00fcy\u00fc t\u0259dbirl\u0259ri nec\u0259 d\u0259y\u0259rl\u0259ndirm\u0259k olar?<\/strong><\/p>\n

– AXC d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fcst\u0259qiliyi \u0259ld\u0259 etdikd\u0259n sonra Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda duran m\u00fch\u00fcm v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri d\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qil milli ordunun formala\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 bu ordunun respublikan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini qoruma\u011fa qadir olan bir q\u00fcvv\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrilm\u0259si ba\u015fl\u0131ca v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri idi.<\/p>\n

1918-ci ilin may ay\u0131n\u0131n 28-d\u0259 yarad\u0131lan ilk kabin\u0259d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259 naziri v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 general Xosrov b\u0259y Sultanov t\u0259yin edildi. AXC ordu quruculu\u011fu haqq\u0131nda t\u0259dbirl\u0259r plan\u0131na m\u00fcvafiq olaraq 1919-cu il noyabr ay\u0131n\u0131n 1-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ordunun \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm struktur b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259ri v\u0259 hiss\u0259l\u0259ri yarad\u0131l\u0131b ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 idi. Bu m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 polkdan ibar\u0259t iki piyada diviziyas\u0131, artilleriya diviziyas\u0131, x\u00fcsusi hiss\u0259l\u0259rin daxil oldu\u011fu teleqraf, atl\u0131, pulemyot\u00e7u d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri, t\u0259rkibind\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7 polk olan s\u00fcvari diviziyas\u0131, hava d\u0259st\u0259si, d\u0259mir yol batalyonu t\u0259\u015fkil edilm\u0259li idi. Oktyabr\u0131n 23-d\u0259 H\u0259rbi Nazirliyin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda q\u0259rar q\u0259bul edildi, q\u0259rar noyabr ay\u0131n\u0131n 7-d\u0259 r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirildi v\u0259 h\u0259rbi nazir v\u0259zif\u0259si F\u0259t\u0259li xan Xoyskiy\u0259 h\u0259val\u0259 edildi.<\/p>\n

1918-ci ilin dekabr ay\u0131n\u0131n 26-da rus ordusunda xidm\u0259t etmi\u015f rus artilleriya general-leytenant\u0131 S\u0259m\u0259d b\u0259y Mehmandarov h\u0259rbi nazir, h\u0259min ay\u0131n 29-da general-leytenant \u018flia\u011fa \u015e\u0131xlinski onun m\u00fcavini, general-leytenant Suleyman Sulkevi\u00e7 is\u0259 ba\u015f q\u0259rargah r\u0259isi t\u0259yin olundu. 1918-ci ild\u0259 yenic\u0259 yaranm\u0131\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti iyun ay\u0131n\u0131n 26-da \u00f6lk\u0259nin Milli Ordusunun, silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda q\u0259rar q\u0259bul etmi\u015f, silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r yaranm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 h\u0259rbi t\u0259cav\u00fczl\u0259rd\u0259n qoruma istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rib. AXC-nin s\u00fcqutundan sonra Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n Milli Ordusu Sovetl\u0259r \u0130ttifaq\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 olub.<\/p>\n

1919-cu ilin yay\u0131nda Denikin ordusunun Az\u0259rbaycana h\u0259rbi m\u00fcdaxil\u0259si t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sinin artd\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t ordusunun d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f qabiliyy\u0259tin\u0259 arxalanmaqla b\u00fct\u00f6v m\u00fcdafi\u0259 sisteminin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na nail olundu, \u015eimal s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rinin, Ab\u015feronun v\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcdafi\u0259 sisteml\u0259ri quruldu. Bu m\u00fcdafi\u0259 sisteml\u0259rinin m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r q\u00fcvv\u0259 v\u0259 v\u0259sait ayr\u0131ld\u0131. 1919-cu ilin iyununda D\u00f6vl\u0259t M\u00fcdafi\u0259 Komit\u0259si yarad\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 bununla da \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u00fcdafi\u0259sinin t\u0259\u015fkili konkret bir orqanda m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259\u015fdirildi.<\/p>\n

S\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rin m\u00fchafiz\u0259sinin d\u00f6vl\u0259tin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fch\u00fcm amil oldu\u011funu n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alan Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin 1918-ci il iyun ay\u0131n\u0131n 22-d\u0259 q\u0259bul etdiyi q\u0259rarla Poylu stansiyas\u0131nda respublikadan k\u0259nara \u0259rzaq da\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259rh\u0259d postu yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 Daxili \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyin\u0259 m\u00fcvafiq tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131q verildi. Bu postun ard\u0131nca Az\u0259rbaycan Respublikas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259r s\u0259rh\u0259d \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 Daxili \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyinin tabeliyind\u0259 olan s\u0259rh\u0259d m\u00fchafiz\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri yarad\u0131ld\u0131. \u0130lk d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 bu postlar\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca v\u0259zif\u0259si g\u0259nc respublikan\u0131n milli s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259rinin, strateji \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259t\u0259 malik maddi ehtiyatlar\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259rh\u0259dd\u0259n qanunsuz ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparmaq idi. Strateji m\u0259hsullar\u0131n xaric\u0259 da\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 n\u00f6vb\u0259ti bel\u0259 q\u0259rarlar iyunun 24-d\u0259 v\u0259 27-d\u0259 q\u0259bul olundu.<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan v\u0259 Erm\u0259nistanla s\u0259rh\u0259d \u0259razid\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n Qazax q\u0259zas\u0131nda v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti nizama salma\u011f\u0131n \u00e7ox \u00e7\u0259tin olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alan h\u00f6kum\u0259t iyul ay\u0131n\u0131n 12-d\u0259 n\u00f6vb\u0259ti q\u0259rar\u0131 il\u0259 Daxili \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyin\u0259 bu q\u0259zan\u0131n daha iki m\u0259nt\u0259q\u0259sind\u0259- Salahl\u0131 v\u0259 \u015e\u0131xl\u0131 k\u0259ndl\u0259rind\u0259 s\u0259rh\u0259d postlar\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil etm\u0259k bar\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015f verdi. 1918-ci ilin iyul ay\u0131nda K\u00fcr \u00e7ay\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 (S\u0131n\u0131q K\u00f6rp\u00fcd\u0259) 5 n\u0259f\u0259r, Salahl\u0131 k\u0259ndind\u0259 6 n\u0259f\u0259r, \u015e\u0131xl\u0131 k\u0259ndind\u0259 6 n\u0259f\u0259r, Q\u0131raqk\u0259s\u0259m\u0259n k\u0259ndind\u0259 6 n\u0259f\u0259r v\u0259 Poylu stansiyas\u0131nda 15 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t s\u0259rh\u0259d postlar\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil edildi.<\/p>\n

Milli t\u0259hk\u00fcls\u0259izlik sah\u0259sinin f\u0259aliyy\u0259tin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r yetirdikd\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr\u00fck ki, Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini elan etdikd\u0259n sonra d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini t\u0259min etm\u0259k, y\u0259ni onu daxili v\u0259 xarici t\u0259hdidl\u0259rd\u0259n qorumaq, ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259k terror-t\u0259xribat aksiyalar\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq, pozucu q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri z\u0259r\u0259rsizl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn x\u00fcsusi xidm\u0259t orqan\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na b\u00f6y\u00fck ehtiyac var idi. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015f denikin\u00e7il\u0259rin, bol\u015fevikl\u0259rin, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin v\u0259 sair q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259xribat-pozuculuq f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259ri t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n z\u0259ruriliyinin qa\u00e7\u0131lmaz oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rirdi.<\/p>\n

Ordunun t\u0259lim-t\u0259rbiy\u0259sini, d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat v\u0259 t\u0259minat qay\u011f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 daha da g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 1919-cu il mart ay\u0131n\u0131n 26-da \u018frkani-h\u0259rb (Ba\u015f q\u0259rargah) t\u0259sis edilib, daxili v\u0259 xarici t\u0259xribat\u00e7\u0131larla m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 1919-cu il mart ay\u0131n\u0131n 28-d\u0259 S\u0259m\u0259d b\u0259y Mehmandarovun v\u0259 M\u0259mm\u0259d b\u0259y Sulkevi\u00e7in birg\u0259 imzalad\u0131qlar\u0131 157 sayl\u0131 \u0259mr\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n mart ay\u0131n\u0131n 26-da H\u0259rbi Nazirlikd\u0259 Ba\u015f Q\u0259rargah\u0131n Ba\u015f \u0130dar\u0259si yarad\u0131l\u0131b.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycana t\u0259hdidl\u0259rin artd\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyin t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259 alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu bir vaxtda ki\u00e7ik bir qurumla b\u00f6y\u00fck i\u015fl\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259k v\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin h\u0259rbi, \u00fcmum\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini t\u0259min etm\u0259k olduqca \u00e7\u0259tin idi. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal v\u0259 ya \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 tabe etdirm\u0259k ist\u0259y\u0259n q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin, x\u00fcsusil\u0259, general-mayor Anton Denikinin r\u0259hb\u0259rlik etdiyi ke\u00e7mi\u015f \u00e7ar ordusunun qal\u0131qlar\u0131ndan formala\u015fm\u0131\u015f silahl\u0131 birl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rin 1919-cu ilin aprel ay\u0131nda Da\u011f\u0131stana v\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstana h\u00fccumu Zaqafqaziya, eyni zamanda Az\u0259rbaycan \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ciddi t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li idi. Denikin\u00e7i zabitl\u0259r \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n mundirind\u0259 Bak\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259l\u0259rini dola\u015f\u0131r, Denikinin xeyrin\u0259 t\u0259bli\u011fat apar\u0131r, a\u011fqvardiya\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259n k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc ordunun s\u0131ralar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fl\u0259ndirir, t\u0259xribat t\u00f6r\u0259tm\u0259k v\u0259 h\u0259rbi sirl\u0259ri \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 yenic\u0259 yaranmaqda olan Az\u0259rbaycan ordusunun t\u0259rkibin\u0259 daxil olurdular.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycanda bel\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t geni\u015f casus \u015f\u0259b\u0259k\u0259si qurma\u011fa nail olan Denikin v\u0259 onun t\u0259r\u0259fdarlar\u0131 Bak\u0131da gizli silah-sursat bazalar\u0131 da yaradaraq, g\u0259rginliyi daha da art\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar.<\/p>\n

B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq, Az\u0259rbaycan Nazirl\u0259r \u015euras\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri, h\u0259rbi, xarici i\u015fl\u0259r, yollar v\u0259 \u0259dliyy\u0259 nazirl\u0259ri daxil olmaqla 1919-cu il iyunun 9 da D\u00f6vl\u0259t M\u00fcdafi\u0259 Komit\u0259sinin, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan parlamenti is\u0259 1919-cu il iyun ay\u0131n\u0131n 11-d\u0259 D\u00f6vl\u0259t M\u00fcdafi\u0259 Komit\u0259si yan\u0131nda x\u00fcsusi xidm\u0259t orqan\u0131 olan – \u018fksinqilabla M\u00fcbariz\u0259 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 bar\u0259d\u0259 q\u0259rar q\u0259bul etdi.<\/p>\n

\u018fksinqilabla M\u00fcbariz\u0259 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi 1919-cu il iyunun 11 d\u0259n 1920-ci il mart\u0131n 6 d\u0259k olan d\u00f6vrd\u0259 bu t\u0259\u015fkilatda y\u00fczd\u0259n \u00e7ox \u0259m\u0259kda\u015f \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131b. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n milli t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini m\u00fcdafi\u0259 ed\u0259n bu t\u0259\u015fkilatda 6-7 mill\u0259tin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si i\u015fl\u0259yirdi. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, bunlar aras\u0131nda erm\u0259ni mill\u0259tinin n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259ri yox idi.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6vl\u0259t M\u00fcdafi\u0259 Komit\u0259sinin s\u0259dri N\u0259sib b\u0259y Yusifb\u0259ylinin \u0259mri il\u0259 \u018fksinqilabla M\u00fcbariz\u0259 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131n\u0131n ilk r\u0259isi parlamentin \u00fczv\u00fc M\u0259mm\u0259dba\u011f\u0131r b\u0259y \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131 (1880-1920), onun m\u00fcavini is\u0259 “H\u00fcmm\u0259t” partiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc Mirf\u0259ttah Mus\u0259vi t\u0259yin edilibl\u0259r. Avqustun 20-d\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259riz\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n tutdu\u011fu v\u0259zif\u0259d\u0259n azad edildiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 onun yerin\u0259 qarda\u015f\u0131 Na\u011f\u0131 b\u0259y \u015eeyxzamanl\u0131 t\u0259yin olunmu\u015fdu. 1920-ci ilin aprel i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 il\u0259 dig\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259t strukturlar\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, \u018fksinqilabla M\u00fcbariz\u0259 T\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 da f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini dayand\u0131rma\u011fa m\u0259cbur oldu. AXC g\u00fcc strukturlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 burada f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n \u0259m\u0259kda\u015flar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tini sovet totalitar rejimi \u00f6z repressiya m\u0259ng\u0259n\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259hv edildi.<\/p>\n

– AXC az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n soyq\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 sah\u0259sind\u0259 hans\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fcb?<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Mart soyq\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar 1918-ci il avqust ay\u0131n\u0131n 31-d\u0259 AXC h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin s\u0259dri F.X.Xoyskinin G\u0259nc\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rind\u0259 imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259rara \u0259sas\u0259n, 7 n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 T\u0259dqiqat Komissiyas\u0131 yarad\u0131l\u0131b. FTK-nin s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rinin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f verdiyi tarixi \u015f\u0259raiti, az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259nb\u0259\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q v\u0259 tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, t\u00fcrk-m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259haliy\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 t\u00f6r\u0259dilmi\u015f soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259rini, mahiyy\u0259tini, n\u0259tic\u0259sini, erm\u0259ni-da\u015fnak, bol\u015fevik q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin tarixi m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rini, erm\u0259ni t\u0259cav\u00fcskarlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7irkin niyy\u0259tl\u0259rinin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sin\u0259 havadarl\u0131q ed\u0259n q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rini, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 tarixi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f ed\u0259r\u0259k az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lar\u0131n soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyyy\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 cinay\u0259t fakt\u0131 kimi \u0259sasland\u0131rma\u011f\u0131, Bak\u0131, Quba, \u015eamax\u0131, \u015e\u0259rqi Anadolu, Nax\u00e7\u0131xan, Z\u0259ng\u0259zur,Salyan, Neft\u00e7ala, L\u0259nk\u0259ran, \u0130r\u0259van v\u0259 dig\u0259r b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ba\u015f vermi\u015f soyq\u0131r\u0131m haqq\u0131nda tarixi h\u0259qiq\u0259tl\u0259ri \u015f\u0259rh etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir.<\/p>\n

Bak\u0131da t\u00f6r\u0259dilmi\u015f soyq\u0131r\u0131mla \u0259laq\u0259dar F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 T\u0259dqiqat Komissiyas\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259dri \u018fl\u0259kb\u0259r b\u0259y Xasm\u0259mm\u0259dovun tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda komissiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczv\u00fc Mirz\u0259 Cavad Axundzad\u0259 fotoqraf Litvinovun k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 Bak\u0131da erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 yand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f binalar\u0131n \u015f\u0259klinin \u00e7\u0259kib.<\/p>\n

\u015eamax\u0131da t\u00f6r\u0259dilmi\u015f soyq\u0131r\u0131mla \u0259laq\u0259dar- F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 T\u0259hqiqat Komissiyas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f 23 q\u0259rar layih\u0259si v\u0259 72 cild, 952 v\u0259r\u0259qd\u0259n ibar\u0259t t\u0259dqiqat materiallar\u0131 erm\u0259ni silahl\u0131 d\u0259st\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri v\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131 q\u0259zas\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri v\u0259h\u015filikl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda \u0259trafl\u0131 m\u0259lumat verilib, 1918-ci il noyabr ay\u0131n\u0131n 22-d\u0259 F\u00f6vq\u0259lad\u0259 T\u0259hqiqat Komissiyas\u0131n\u0131n (FTK) s\u0259dri \u018f.Xasm\u0259mm\u0259dovun Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti \u018fdliyy\u0259 Nazirin\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri v\u0259 \u015eamax\u0131 q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycan k\u0259ndl\u0259rinin talan edilm\u0259si v\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u0259halisi \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin zorak\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131 haqq\u0131nda m\u0259ruz\u0259si edib, 1919-cu il aprel ay\u0131n\u0131n 3-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti Daxili \u0130\u015fl\u0259r Nazirliyi \u015eamax\u0131 q\u0259zas\u0131n\u0131n r\u0259isinin FTK-ya h\u0259min q\u0259zan\u0131n 3 polis sah\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 (Q\u0259bristan, M\u0259dr\u0259s\u0259 v\u0259 Ka\u015fun) \u00fczr\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n da\u011f\u0131d\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u0259ndl\u0259rinin siyah\u0131s\u0131 verilib. Quba hadis\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 bol\u015fevikl\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131 olmu\u015f y\u0259hudi Savi \u0130lyansevin xatir\u0259si, 1918-ci il q\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131qvardiya\u00e7\u0131 olmu\u015f Q.Na\u011f\u0131yevin xatir\u0259si, 1918-ci il bol\u015fevik drujina\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 olmu\u015f Arustamovun xatir\u0259si, Quba \u015f\u0259h\u0259r r\u0259isi \u018f.\u018flib\u0259yovun m\u0259lumat\u0131, Quban\u0131n n\u00fcfuzlu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259rind\u0259n olan Hac\u0131 \u0130smay\u0131l Orucovun ifad\u0259sind\u0259 Quba q\u0259zas\u0131nda erm\u0259nil\u0259rin t\u00f6r\u0259tdikl\u0259ri t\u00fcrk-m\u00fcs\u0259lman soyq\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumatlar \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131b.<\/p>\n

– Tarixi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 AXC d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin \u0259razi iddialar\u0131 v\u0259 Da\u011fl\u0131q Qaraba\u011f\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycandan ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn edil\u0259n c\u0259hdl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 hans\u0131 m\u0259lumatlar \u00f6z \u0259ksini tap\u0131b?<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Tarix \u00fczr\u0259 elml\u0259r doktoru Mehman S\u00fcleymanov \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 haql\u0131 olaraq qeyd edir ki, C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t ordusunun daha geni\u015fmiqyasl\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti is\u0259 erm\u0259ni t\u0259cav\u00fczkar q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u018fslind\u0259, C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tin b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00f6cudlu\u011fu d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Erm\u0259nistan h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin Az\u0259rbaycana qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fc davam etmi\u015fdi. Az\u0259rbaycan h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin v\u0259 H\u0259rbi Nazirliyin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irdiyi q\u0259tiyy\u0259tli t\u0259dbirl\u0259r n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 bu t\u0259cav\u00fczl\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olub. 1920-ci ilin mart\u0131nda is\u0259 bu t\u0259cav\u00fcz daha geni\u015f v\u0259 qanl\u0131 xarakter ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259 ki, 1920-ci il mart ay\u0131n\u0131n 22-d\u0259n 23-n\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n gec\u0259, Novruz bayram\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri eyni vaxtda \u015eu\u015fada, Xank\u0259ndid\u0259, \u018fsg\u0259randa, Xocal\u0131da v\u0259 T\u0259rt\u0259rd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t ordusu b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7dil\u0259r. Erm\u0259nistan h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri Qaraba\u011f \u0259razisind\u0259 yarad\u0131lm\u0131\u015f separat\u00e7\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 birlikd\u0259 d\u00f6rd istiqam\u0259td\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rinin i\u015f\u011fal\u0131na c\u0259hd g\u00f6st\u0259rdil\u0259r: 1) Qazax-A\u011fstafa, 2) C\u0259bray\u0131l, 3) A\u011fd\u0259r\u0259-T\u0259rt\u0259r v\u0259 4) \u015eu\u015fa-\u018fsg\u0259ran-A\u011fdam istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n ba\u015flanan h\u00fccumlar k\u00fctl\u0259vi da\u011f\u0131nt\u0131larla da m\u00fc\u015fayi\u0259t olunurdu.<\/p>\n

Erm\u0259nistan siyasi r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin v\u0259 h\u0259rbi komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 plana g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn Qaraba\u011f i\u015f\u011fal alt\u0131na al\u0131nmal\u0131, sonra is\u0259 erm\u0259ni q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin T\u0259rt\u0259rd\u0259n v\u0259 Qazax istiqam\u0259tind\u0259n ir\u0259lil\u0259m\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri i\u015f\u011fal edilm\u0259li idi. Erm\u0259nistan\u0131n bu i\u015f\u011fal\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q plan\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259sas\u0259n Qaraba\u011fda v\u0259 onun \u0259traf\u0131nda apar\u0131lan m\u00fcharib\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan ordusunun v\u0259 onun r\u0259hb\u0259rliyinin rastla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259n ciddi v\u0259 taley\u00fckl\u00fc bir s\u0131naq idi. Bu s\u0131naqdan u\u011furla \u00e7\u0131xmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259rhal C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t ordusunun b\u00fct\u00fcn potensial\u0131 s\u0259f\u0259rb\u0259rliy\u0259 al\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n

G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259 \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131n idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn q\u0259rargah yarad\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259rbi nazir S\u0259m\u0259d b\u0259y Mehmandarov bu q\u0259rargaha r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi \u00f6z \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fc. Erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259sas z\u0259rb\u0259 q\u00fcvv\u0259sinin istiqam\u0259tl\u0259ndiyi Qaraba\u011fda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyinin qorunmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t ordusunun hiss\u0259 v\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n ibar\u0259t Qaraba\u011f d\u0259st\u0259si yarad\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 ona r\u0259hb\u0259rlik general-mayor H\u0259bib b\u0259y S\u0259limova tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. General \u018flia\u011fa \u015e\u0131xlinskiy\u0259 is\u0259 H\u0259rbi Nazirlikl\u0259 Qaraba\u011f d\u0259st\u0259si v\u0259 G\u0259nc\u0259d\u0259ki \u0259m\u0259liyyat\u0131n idar\u0259 edilm\u0259si q\u0259rargah\u0131 aras\u0131nda s\u0131x \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259min edilm\u0259si h\u0259val\u0259 olundu. Q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f hiss\u0259 v\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259rin Qaraba\u011f b\u00f6lg\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, onlar\u0131 z\u0259ruri silah v\u0259 sursatla t\u0259chiz edilm\u0259si t\u0259min edildi. Raz\u0131la\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f plan \u0259sas\u0131nda bu hiss\u0259 v\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259r m\u00fcdafi\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rin\u0259 c\u0259lb edildil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259cav\u00fcz c\u0259hdl\u0259rinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 al\u0131nd\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n bir ay davam ed\u0259n m\u00fcdafi\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259 C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t ordusunun hiss\u0259 v\u0259 b\u00f6lm\u0259l\u0259ri erm\u0259ni h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc z\u0259rb\u0259 endirdil\u0259r. H\u0259m Qazax-A\u011fstafa istiqam\u0259tind\u0259, h\u0259m d\u0259 Qaraba\u011f daxilind\u0259 erm\u0259ni t\u0259cav\u00fcz\u00fcn\u00fcn qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131 u\u011furla al\u0131nd\u0131. H\u0259rbi nazir S\u0259m\u0259d b\u0259y Mehmandarovun strateji r\u0259hb\u0259rliyi, onun m\u00fcavini \u018flia\u011fa \u015e\u0131xlinskinin y\u00fcks\u0259k t\u0259\u015fkilat\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, Qaraba\u011fdak\u0131 h\u0259rbi q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259rlik ed\u0259n H\u0259bib b\u0259y S\u0259limovun, Teymur b\u0259y Novruzovun, Cavad b\u0259y \u015e\u0131xlinskinin, dig\u0259r zabitl\u0259rin v\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00e7\u00fcl\u0259rin \u015f\u00fcca\u0259ti v\u0259 f\u0259dakarl\u0131\u011f\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259t ordusu ona tap\u015f\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f v\u0259zif\u0259ni q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131rd\u0131. Erm\u0259ni silahl\u0131 q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rinin b\u00fct\u00fcn c\u0259hdl\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq, Qaraba\u011f\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycandan qopar\u0131lmas\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmad\u0131.<\/p>\n

– Sizc\u0259, AXC d\u00f6vr\u00fc il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 daha hans\u0131 i\u015fl\u0259rin g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u0259sin\u0259 ehtiyac var?<\/strong><\/p>\n

– AXC-nin s\u00fcqutu il\u0259 biz \u0259srl\u0259rdir arzulad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, mili d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyimizi, milli ordumuzu, milli burjuaz\u0131yam\u0131z\u0131, mili m\u0259fkur\u0259mizi, ziyalar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131, \u0259razimizin 30 min kv.km itirdik, d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fcst\u0259qiliyimiz b\u00fct\u00fcn atributlar\u0131n\u0131, milli istiqlaliyy\u0259timizi itirdik. Buna baxmayaraq AXC qurucular\u0131 \u00f6zl\u0259rinin m\u00fchacir\u0259t h\u0259yat\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik ideyalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z yaz\u0131lar\u0131nda v\u0259 h\u0259yat t\u0259rzl\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z qanlar\u0131 v\u0259 canlar\u0131 hesab\u0131na ya\u015fadaraq bizl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259man\u0259t etdil\u0259r. Bu g\u00fcn bizl\u0259r h\u0259min m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s amala sahib \u00e7\u0131xmal\u0131, Az\u0259rbaycan d\u00f6vl\u0259t m\u00fcst\u0259qiliyini \u00f6z qan\u0131m\u0131z, can\u0131m\u0131z v\u0259 milli m\u00fcbariz\u0259miz sah\u0259sind\u0259 ya\u015fatmal\u0131y\u0131q.<\/p>\n

Xat\u0131rladaq ki, 1918-1920-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259ti h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin Erm\u0259nistan, G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan, T\u00fcrkiy\u0259, Da\u011fl\u0131lar Respublikas\u0131 v\u0259 T\u00fcrk\u00fcstanda diplomatik n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyi, \u0130randa s\u0259firliyi, Kuban v\u0259 Don h\u00f6kum\u0259tl\u0259ri yan\u0131nda s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259si, Paris S\u00fclh Konfrans\u0131nda s\u0259lahiyy\u0259tli n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259 hey\u0259ti f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fdir. Eyni zamanda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyi Antanta Ali \u015euras\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259f\u0131nd\u0259n tan\u0131nd\u0131qdan sonra h\u00f6kum\u0259tin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 “Q\u0259rbi Avropa v\u0259 Amerikada Az\u0259rbaycan C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin diplomatik missiyalar\u0131n\u0131n yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 v\u0259 Paris s\u00fclh konfrans\u0131ndak\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyinin l\u0259\u011fv edilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda” qanun layih\u0259si Parlamentd\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 olundu v\u0259 q\u0259bul edildi. H\u0259min qanuna g\u00f6r\u0259, 1920-ci il aprelin 1-d\u0259n etibar\u0259n B\u00f6y\u00fck Britaniya, Fransa, \u0130sve\u00e7r\u0259, \u0130taliya, AB\u015e, Almaniya, Rusiya v\u0259 Pol\u015fada (Latviya, Litva, Estoniya, Finlandiya, Ukrayna, Rum\u0131niya) Az\u0259rbaycan Xalq C\u00fcmhuriyy\u0259tinin diplomatik n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259likl\u0259ri t\u0259sis olunmal\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n

Bu bax\u0131mdan da AXC-nin f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rdiyi s\u0259firlik v\u0259 n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259likl\u0259rin \u00f6nl\u0259rind\u0259 xatir\u0259 l\u00f6vh\u0259l\u0259rinin vurulmas\u0131 milli tariximiz v\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyimiz bax\u0131mdan \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli olard\u0131.<\/p>\n

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