{"id":250302,"date":"2020-12-08T19:14:25","date_gmt":"2020-12-08T16:14:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=250302"},"modified":"2020-12-08T19:14:25","modified_gmt":"2020-12-08T16:14:25","slug":"bu-ixtiralar-sad%c9%99c%c9%99-bir-t%c9%99sadufun-n%c9%99tic%c9%99sidir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=250302","title":{"rendered":"Bu ixtiralar sad\u0259c\u0259 bir t\u0259sad\u00fcf\u00fcn n\u0259tic\u0259sidir"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u201cCoca-cola\u201d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bu i\u00e7ki 1886-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Corciya \u015ftat\u0131n\u0131n Kolumbus \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin sakini\u00a0 farmaseft Con Stis Pemberton t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ixtira edilmi\u015fdir. \u018fslind\u0259,o, bu i\u00e7kini\u00a0 d\u0259rman vasit\u0259si kimi yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u0130\u015f buras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, AB\u015e-da XIX \u0259srd\u0259 bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131 morfiy\u0259 alud\u0259 olmu\u015fdular v\u0259 \u201cCola\u201dn\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 bu as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131qla m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130lk \u201cCola\u201d n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259\u00a0 alkoqol var idi. \u018fslind\u0259 bu, koka yarpaqlar\u0131 il\u0259 \u015f\u0259rab\u0131n qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan i\u00e7ki idi. Lakin sonra bir ne\u00e7\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259n sonra\u00a0 i\u00e7kinin resepti d\u0259yi\u015fdirilir v\u0259 koka yarpaqlar\u0131na yand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259k\u0259rd\u0259n \u015f\u0259rb\u0259t \u0259lav\u0259 edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cCola\u201dn\u0131n qazla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 is\u0259 maraql\u0131 hadis\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Bir s\u0259hv n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Pembertonun k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7isi\u00a0 preparat\u0131 qazl\u0131 su il\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131r v\u0259 d\u00fcnyada ilk &#8220;Coka-cola&#8221; i\u00e7kisi yaran\u0131r. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259n sonra \u00a0Pemberton i\u00e7kinin istehsal h\u00fcququnu &#8220;The Coca-Cola Company&#8221; \u015firk\u0259tin\u0259 sat\u0131r. Yeni bir\u00a0 dad al\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n xo\u015funa g\u0259lir.\u015eirk\u0259t uzun ill\u0259r bu sirli reseptl\u0259 milyonlar qazan\u0131r. Pemberton is\u0259 k\u0259\u015ffind\u0259n iki il sonra ba\u015f a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0259rman\u0131n qurdu\u011fu maliyy\u0259 imperiyas\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u0259d\u0259n v\u0259fat edir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Vazelin<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Vazelin bir madd\u0259 kimi ingilis kimya\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Robert \u00c7ezbro t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n bir t\u0259sad\u00fcf n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 icad edilir. 1859-cu ild\u0259 \u00c7ezbro neft s\u0259nayesi i\u015f\u00e7il\u0259rinin neft nasoslar\u0131n\u0131n borular\u0131nda y\u0131\u011f\u0131lan parafind\u0259n naraz\u0131 olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcr. \u00c7ezbro bu madd\u0259d\u0259n n\u00fcmun\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr v\u0259 t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 apar\u0131r v\u0259 yeni bir madd\u0259 icad edir. O, neft jelesinin m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m sa\u011fald\u0131c\u0131 t\u0259sir\u0259 malik oldu\u011funu a\u015fkar edir. Kimya\u00e7\u0131 ona \u201cvazelin\u201d ad\u0131n\u0131 verir. O, bu\u00a0 jeley\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259y\u0259n\u00a0 m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m madd\u0259nin\u00a0 sa\u011fald\u0131c\u0131 t\u0259sir\u0259 malik oldu\u011fu a\u015fkar edir.<\/p>\n<p>Yeni ixtara olunmu\u015f vazelin \u00a0say\u0259sind\u0259 \u00a0b\u00fct\u00fcn yara v\u0259 k\u0259sikl\u0259r d\u0259rhal sa\u011fal\u0131rd\u0131. O zamanlar vazelin, dem\u0259k olar ki, xal\u00e7a t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259sind\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq burunun t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r h\u0259r yerd\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunurdu. Kimya\u00e7\u0131 \u00a0vazelinin sehrli t\u0259sirin\u0259 o q\u0259d\u0259r inan\u0131rd\u0131 ki, \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fcn sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r h\u0259r g\u00fcn\u00a0 ondan bir x\u00f6r\u0259k qa\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 yeyirdi. Robert \u00c7ezbro 96 ya\u015f\u0131nda v\u0259fat edir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Mikrodal\u011fal\u0131 soba<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>20-ci \u0259srin 40-c\u0131 ill\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc radio dal\u011falar\u0131 \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn eyni vaxtda i\u015fl\u0259r apar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. 1945-ci ild\u0259 amerikal\u0131 m\u00fch\u0259ndis Spencer mikrodal\u011fal\u0131 \u0259razid\u0259 \u201cRadio tube\u201d adl\u0131 bir maqnetronu \u00a0s\u0131naqdan ke\u00e7irir. S\u0131naqlar zaman\u0131 cibind\u0259 olan \u015fokolad \u0259riyir. M\u00fch\u0259ndis bunun maqnetron say\u0259sind\u0259 ba\u015f verdiyini g\u00fcman edir v\u0259 cihaz\u0131n yan\u0131na popkorn \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu\u011fda qoyur. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259qiq\u0259 \u0259rzind\u0259 popcor haz\u0131r olur. Spenser yumurta haz\u0131rlamaq q\u0259rar\u0131na g\u0259lir, lakin yumurta partlay\u0131r v\u0259 o, bel\u0259 bir fikr\u0259 g\u0259lir ki, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 tezlikli enerji qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Bir ild\u0259n sonra ilk mikrodal\u011fal\u0131 soba yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Antibiotik<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bakteriya infeksiyalar\u0131 il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 geni\u015f istifd\u0259 olunan penisilin qrupundan olan antibiotikl\u0259rin k\u0259\u015ffi m\u0259\u015fhur elmi \u0259fsan\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7evrilib. Bir t\u0259sad\u00fcf n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ixtira olunan\u00a0 bu antibiotik\u0131n maraql\u0131 bir yaranma tarixi var. \u015eotlandiya bioloqu Aleksandr Flemminq 1928-ci ilin avqustunda t\u0259dqiqat i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n yorularaq m\u0259zuniyy\u0259t\u0259 yollan\u0131r. Qay\u0131danda is\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcr ki, laboratoriyada a\u00e7\u0131q p\u0259nc\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda qoyub getdiyi stafilokok bakteriyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0\u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 g\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259r \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259lib v\u0259 bakteriyalar\u0131 m\u0259hv edib. Bu k\u0259\u015ff t\u0259bab\u0259td\u0259 antibiotikl\u0259r \u0259srinin ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 qoyur.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Saqq\u0131z<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Yem\u0259kd\u0259n sonra i\u015fd\u0259 \u00e7oxlar\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fct\u0259madi olaraq istifad\u0259 etdiyi saqq\u0131z da \u0259slind\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 icad edilib. 1869-cu ild\u0259 Tomas Adams plastik bir madd\u0259 haz\u0131rlamaq ist\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n saqq\u0131z\u0131 k\u0259\u015ff edir. Saqq\u0131z insanlar\u0131n xo\u015funa g\u0259lir v\u0259 art\u0131q 1871-ci ild\u0259 Adams onun avtomatik istehsal\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ma\u015f\u0131n da icad edir v\u0259 patentl\u0259\u015fdirir. Daha sonra o, saqq\u0131z\u0131n dad\u0131n\u0131 yax\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ona biyan ekstrakt\u0131 da \u0259lav\u0259 edir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yara band\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>1942-ci ild\u0259 amerikal\u0131 fizik, doktor Harri Kuver portativ silah\u0131n optik ni\u015fangah\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015f\u0259ffaf plastik haz\u0131rlanmas\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yir. O, i\u015find\u0259 materiallar\u0131 m\u00f6hk\u0259m yap\u0131\u015fd\u0131ran sianoakrilatdan istifad\u0259 edirdi. 6 il \u0259rzind\u0259 apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 o, yara band\u0131\u00a0 yarad\u0131r. Onun bu ixtiras\u0131 Vyetnam m\u00fcharib\u0259si d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 \u00e7ox faydal\u0131 olmu\u015f, a\u00e7\u0131q yaralar\u0131n qanaxmas\u0131n\u0131 saxlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunmu\u015fdu. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, silahlar\u0131 t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulan bu ixtira bir \u00e7ox insan\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131n\u0131 xilas edir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yap\u0131\u015fqan v\u0259r\u0259ql\u0259r<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Qeydl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ixtira olunan\u00a0 yap\u0131\u015fqan v\u0259r\u0259ql\u0259r bir t\u0259sad\u00fcf n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259\u00a0 Artur Fray t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n yarad\u0131l\u0131b. 1968-ci ild\u0259 Amerikal\u0131 fizik Spencer Silver ka\u011f\u0131z il\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yap\u0131\u015fqan yaratma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131. Bu, yap\u0131\u015fqan ka\u011f\u0131z\u0131 bir s\u0259th \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 saxlaya bilm\u0259li, lakin ka\u011f\u0131z z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259d\u0259n s\u0259thd\u0259n qopmal\u0131 idi. Silverin i\u015fl\u0259diyi \u015firk\u0259td\u0259 he\u00e7 kim bu ideyan\u0131 b\u0259y\u0259nmir. Lakin bir m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259n sonra Artur Fray bu ideyan\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irir v\u0259 ideya populyarl\u0131q qazan\u0131r.Art\u0131q 1980-c\u0131 ild\u0259 bu ka\u011f\u0131zlar sat\u0131\u015fa burax\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 insanlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00e7ox sevilir.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Dinamit<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Dinamitin\u00a0 ixtiras\u0131\u00a0 Alfred Nobel\u0259 m\u0259xsusdur. O, nitroqliserin \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259y\u0259rk\u0259n\u00a0 bir t\u0259\u015fad\u00fcf n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 dinamiti icad edir. Alim nitroqliserini sabitl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi partlay\u0131\u015flar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 alma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rd\u0131.T\u0259sad\u00fcf n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 icad etdiyi madd\u0259\u00a0 yer\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr, yerd\u0259 is\u0259 \u00e7oxlu yonqar olur. Yonqar bir q\u0259d\u0259r stabillik verir v\u0259 madd\u0259 partlam\u0131r. Nobel nitroqliserin\u0259 silisi \u0259lav\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k onun formulunu t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirir. Bel\u0259likl\u0259, dinamit yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Samir\u0259 Ta\u011f\u0131yeva,\u00a0<\/strong><em>\u201d\u0130ki sahil\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cCoca-cola\u201d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu i\u00e7ki 1886-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Corciya \u015ftat\u0131n\u0131n Kolumbus \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin sakini\u00a0 farmaseft Con Stis Pemberton t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ixtira edilmi\u015fdir. \u018fslind\u0259,o, bu i\u00e7kini\u00a0 d\u0259rman vasit\u0259si kimi yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u0130\u015f buras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, AB\u015e-da XIX \u0259srd\u0259 bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131 morfiy\u0259 alud\u0259 olmu\u015fdular v\u0259 \u201cCola\u201dn\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 bu as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131qla m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130lk \u201cCola\u201d n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259\u00a0 alkoqol var idi. \u018fslind\u0259 bu, koka yarpaqlar\u0131 il\u0259 \u015f\u0259rab\u0131n qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0259sas\u0131nda haz\u0131rlanan i\u00e7ki idi. Lakin sonra bir ne\u00e7\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259n sonra\u00a0 i\u00e7kinin resepti d\u0259yi\u015fdirilir v\u0259 koka yarpaqlar\u0131na yand\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259k\u0259rd\u0259n \u015f\u0259rb\u0259t \u0259lav\u0259 edirl\u0259r. \u201cCola\u201dn\u0131n qazla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 is\u0259 maraql\u0131 hadis\u0259 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.\u00a0 Bir s\u0259hv n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Pembertonun k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7isi\u00a0&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":250303,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887.jpg",975,540,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887.jpg",975,540,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887.jpg",975,540,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887-300x166.jpg",300,166,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887.jpg",640,354,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887.jpg",975,540,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887.jpg",975,540,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/12\/f52b43f6160743771351544839110323887.jpg",975,540,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?cat=24\" rel=\"category\">Maraql\u0131<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u201cCoca-cola\u201d\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Bu i\u00e7ki 1886-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Corciya \u015ftat\u0131n\u0131n Kolumbus \u015f\u0259h\u0259rinin sakini\u00a0 farmaseft Con Stis Pemberton t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ixtira edilmi\u015fdir. \u018fslind\u0259,o, bu i\u00e7kini\u00a0 d\u0259rman vasit\u0259si kimi yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. \u0130\u015f buras\u0131ndad\u0131r ki, AB\u015e-da XIX \u0259srd\u0259 bir \u00e7oxlar\u0131 morfiy\u0259 alud\u0259 olmu\u015fdular v\u0259 \u201cCola\u201dn\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 bu as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131qla m\u00fcbariz\u0259 apar\u0131rd\u0131lar. \u0130lk \u201cCola\u201d n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259\u00a0 alkoqol var idi. \u018fslind\u0259 bu, koka yarpaqlar\u0131 il\u0259&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250302"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=250302"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/250302\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/250303"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=250302"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=250302"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=250302"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}