{"id":266539,"date":"2021-01-06T15:00:34","date_gmt":"2021-01-06T12:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=266539"},"modified":"2021-01-06T15:00:34","modified_gmt":"2021-01-06T12:00:34","slug":"mikrob-bakteriya-v%c9%99-ya-virus","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=266539","title":{"rendered":"Mikrob, bakteriya v\u0259 ya virus"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>\u201cKi\u00e7ik qatill\u0259rin\u201d hans\u0131 daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mikrob, bakteriya v\u0259 viruslar bizi \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n, h\u0259tta daxilimiz\u0259 n\u00fcfuz ed\u0259 bil\u0259n varl\u0131qlard\u0131r. Say\u0131 milyonlarla, milyardlarla olan bakteriya, virus v\u0259 mikroblar\u0131n b\u0259zil\u0259ri insan orqanizmi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn faydal\u0131d\u0131r, b\u0259zil\u0259ri is\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r t\u00f6r\u0259dirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p>B\u0259s onlar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq n\u0259dir? Viruslar bakteriyalardan n\u0259 il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nirl\u0259r? Onlardan hans\u0131 daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir?<\/p>\n<p><em>Mikroorqanizml\u0259r d\u00fcnyas\u0131<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Mikroblar g\u00f6zl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r ki\u00e7ik olan canl\u0131lar\u0131n toplu ad\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Arxeya, g\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259r, protistl\u0259r, viruslar v\u0259 bakteriyalar bu krall\u0131qda ya\u015fay\u0131r. Bunlar planetd\u0259 t\u0259kam\u00fcl prosesind\u0259 ortaya \u00e7\u0131xan ilk canl\u0131lard\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259sl sahibl\u0259ridir, dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r m\u00fchitd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rlar v\u0259 inan\u0131lmaz bir h\u0259yat qabiliyy\u0259tin\u0259 malikdirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p>Yaln\u0131z bakteriya k\u00fctl\u0259sinin b\u00fct\u00fcn b\u0259\u015f\u0259riyy\u0259tin k\u00fctl\u0259sind\u0259n 1166 d\u0259f\u0259 \u00e7ox oldu\u011fu t\u0259xmin edilir. Onlar\u0131n say\u0131 5 nonilyona \u00e7at\u0131r (30 s\u0131f\u0131r\u0131 olan r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259r). Bir qram torpaqda orta hesabla 40 milyon bel\u0259 canl\u0131 ya\u015fay\u0131r. Viruslar\u0131 is\u0259 \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, saymaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Bir kvadratmetr \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcd\u0259 bir sah\u0259d\u0259 milyonlarla bakteriyalar v\u0259 milyardlarla viruslar ola bil\u0259r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259z sakinl\u0259ri m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0259n \u00e7ox xal\u00e7alar, qabyuyan s\u00fcng\u0259rl\u0259r, komp\u00fcter klaviaturalar\u0131, \u0259l\u00fczyuyan, masa v\u0259 cib telefonlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 toplan\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p><em>Bakteriyalar\u0131 dig\u0259r mikroblardan f\u0259rql\u0259ndir\u0259n n\u0259dir?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>D\u00fcnyadak\u0131 orqanizml\u0259rin \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259ti h\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. H\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259r b\u00fct\u00f6v bir par\u00e7an\u0131 yaradan \u201csaplard\u0131r\u201d. H\u0259r bir h\u00fcceyr\u0259nin n\u00fcv\u0259si var. Bu, genetik material\u0131n saxlanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn laz\u0131md\u0131r, h\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 \u00e7oxalmas\u0131na n\u0259zar\u0259t edir.<\/p>\n<p>Bakteriyalar\u0131n ad\u0259t\u0259n c\u0259mi bir h\u00fcceyr\u0259si olur. Bu varl\u0131qlar\u0131n f\u0259rqli bir \u00e7oxalma v\u0259 DNT \u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259 \u00fcsulu var. Onlar prokariotlar da adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n<p>Bakteriyalara ox\u015far dig\u0259r qrup arxeyalard\u0131r. 1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259r\u0259d\u0259k onlar ayr\u0131ca qrupa ayr\u0131lmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p>Bakteriyalar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259tinin z\u0259r\u0259rsiz oldu\u011funa inan\u0131l\u0131r. B\u0259zil\u0259ri h\u0259tta faydal\u0131d\u0131r &#8211; infeksiyalar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131r, ba\u011f\u0131rsaqlarda qidan\u0131n sorulmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k edir v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n<p>Ancaq b\u0259zi bakteriyalar ki\u00e7ik qatill\u0259rdir. Taun, v\u0259ba, qarayara v\u0259 s. kimi x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olurlar. T\u0259xmin\u0259n 39 trilyon bakteriya insan b\u0259d\u0259nind\u0259 s\u0131\u011f\u0131nacaq tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onlar\u0131n \u00fcmumi \u00e7\u0259kisi iki kiloqrama \u00e7at\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><em>B\u0259s virus n\u0259dir?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Virusun \u00fcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259 h\u00fcceyr\u0259 qurulu\u015fu yoxdur. Bu onun \u0259sas f\u0259rql\u0259ndirici x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tidir. Viruslar ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259rini \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7ir\u0259n v\u0259 orada \u00f6z n\u00f6vl\u0259rini \u00e7oxaltma\u011fa m\u0259cbur ed\u0259n m\u0259\u015fhur \u201csoy\u011fun\u00e7ulard\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>Virus bakteriyadan min d\u0259f\u0259 ki\u00e7ikdir. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 dig\u0259r mikroblara bel\u0259 h\u00fccum ed\u0259 bil\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00fczd\u00fcr, viruslar aras\u0131nda da yax\u015f\u0131lar\u0131 var &#8211; bakteriyofajlar. B\u0259zi hallarda, onlar bakterial infeksiyalar\u0131n m\u00fcalic\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn antibiotik \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur. Bakteriyofajlar b\u0259d\u0259nd\u0259 patologiyaya s\u0259b\u0259b olan mikrobu taparaq \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr.<\/p>\n<p><em>Hans\u0131 daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir, virus, yoxsa bakteriya?<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Viruslar daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li hesab olunur. Bakteriyalardan f\u0259rqli olaraq onlar genetik mutasiyaya u\u011fraya bilirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130ld\u0259n-il\u0259 viruslar daha q\u0259ddar olur, d\u0259rmanlara qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcqavim\u0259t qazan\u0131r v\u0259 h\u00fccum etdikl\u0259ri orqanizml\u0259rin siyah\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fl\u0259ndirirl\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r yaln\u0131z heyvanlara xas olan x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r art\u0131q insanlara ke\u00e7m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131b. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, viruslar\u0131n h\u00fcceyr\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n tamamil\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lmas\u0131 son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tindir. Parazitl\u0259r b\u0259d\u0259nimizd\u0259 k\u00f6k sala v\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131z boyunca xroniki x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259rl\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Nubar S\u00fcleymanova,<\/strong>\u00a0<em>\u201c\u0130ki sahil\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cKi\u00e7ik qatill\u0259rin\u201d hans\u0131 daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir? Mikrob, bakteriya v\u0259 viruslar bizi \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n, h\u0259tta daxilimiz\u0259 n\u00fcfuz ed\u0259 bil\u0259n varl\u0131qlard\u0131r. Say\u0131 milyonlarla, milyardlarla olan bakteriya, virus v\u0259 mikroblar\u0131n b\u0259zil\u0259ri insan orqanizmi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn faydal\u0131d\u0131r, b\u0259zil\u0259ri is\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r t\u00f6r\u0259dirl\u0259r. B\u0259s onlar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq n\u0259dir? Viruslar bakteriyalardan n\u0259 il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nirl\u0259r? Onlardan hans\u0131 daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir? Mikroorqanizml\u0259r d\u00fcnyas\u0131 Mikroblar g\u00f6zl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k q\u0259d\u0259r ki\u00e7ik olan canl\u0131lar\u0131n toplu ad\u0131d\u0131r. Arxeya, g\u00f6b\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259r, protistl\u0259r, viruslar v\u0259 bakteriyalar bu krall\u0131qda ya\u015fay\u0131r. Bunlar planetd\u0259 t\u0259kam\u00fcl prosesind\u0259 ortaya \u00e7\u0131xan ilk canl\u0131lard\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259sl sahibl\u0259ridir, dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r m\u00fchitd\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rlar v\u0259 inan\u0131lmaz bir&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":266540,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291.jpg",975,540,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291.jpg",975,540,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291.jpg",975,540,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291-300x166.jpg",300,166,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291.jpg",640,354,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291.jpg",975,540,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291.jpg",975,540,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/2e855f94160993400092716924210798291.jpg",975,540,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?cat=24\" rel=\"category\">Maraql\u0131<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u201cKi\u00e7ik qatill\u0259rin\u201d hans\u0131 daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir? Mikrob, bakteriya v\u0259 viruslar bizi \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n, h\u0259tta daxilimiz\u0259 n\u00fcfuz ed\u0259 bil\u0259n varl\u0131qlard\u0131r. Say\u0131 milyonlarla, milyardlarla olan bakteriya, virus v\u0259 mikroblar\u0131n b\u0259zil\u0259ri insan orqanizmi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn faydal\u0131d\u0131r, b\u0259zil\u0259ri is\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r t\u00f6r\u0259dirl\u0259r. B\u0259s onlar aras\u0131ndak\u0131 f\u0259rq n\u0259dir? Viruslar bakteriyalardan n\u0259 il\u0259 f\u0259rql\u0259nirl\u0259r? Onlardan hans\u0131 daha t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259lidir? Mikroorqanizml\u0259r d\u00fcnyas\u0131 Mikroblar g\u00f6zl\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u0259 bilm\u0259y\u0259c\u0259k&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266539"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=266539"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/266539\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/266540"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=266539"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=266539"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=266539"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}