T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li qida infeksiyas\u0131 olan salmonellalar proteolitik x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t\u0259 malik deyil. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n orqanoleptik g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259, qoxusunda v\u0259 ya dad\u0131nda d\u0259yi\u015fikliy\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmur. Bu is\u0259 salmonellalarla \u00e7irkl\u0259nmi\u015f qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz qidadan ay\u0131rd edilm\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tinlik t\u00f6r\u0259dir. Odur ki, yax\u015f\u0131 bi\u015firilm\u0259y\u0259n heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n istehlak\u0131 yolverilm\u0259zdir.<\/p>\n
ARANTV.AZ\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0Trend<\/a>-\u0259 istinad\u0259n bildirir ki,\u00a0bu fikirl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan Qida T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi \u0130nstitutunun Elmi-t\u0259dqiqat v\u0259 riskl\u0259rin qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si deg\u00f6r\u0259, partamentinin Heyvan sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rinin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 qeyd edilib.<\/p>\n M\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 bildirilir ki, qida m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n salmonella n\u00f6vl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nmi\u015f m\u0259hsullar s\u0259b\u0259b ola bilir. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, salmonellalar (lat. Salmonella spp) Salmonella cinsin\u0259 v\u0259 Enterobacteriaceae ail\u0259sin\u0259 m\u0259nsubdur. Onlar qramm\u0259nfi v\u0259 \u00e7ubuqvari mikroorqanizm olub, spor \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tirmir. Salmonellalar aerob, eyni zamanda fakultativ anaerob bakteriyalard\u0131r. Lakin b\u0259zi n\u00f6vl\u0259ri mikrokapsula \u0259m\u0259l\u0259 g\u0259tirir. H\u0259m d\u0259 salmonellalar\u0131n \u0259ks\u0259r n\u00f6vl\u0259ri qam\u00e7\u0131lara malikdir v\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tlidir. Polipatogen bakteriya n\u00f6v\u00fc kimi salmonellalar\u0131n eyni serotipi insanlar v\u0259 heyvanlar aras\u0131nda x\u0259st\u0259lik t\u00f6r\u0259d\u0259 bilir. Lakin S.typhi v\u0259 S.paratyphi is\u0259 yaln\u0131z insanlarda x\u0259st\u0259liy\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n Salmonellalar salmonelyoz adlanan infeksion x\u0259st\u0259liyin t\u00f6r\u0259dicisi kimi tan\u0131n\u0131r. Eyni zamanda qida toksikoinfeksiyalar\u0131n\u0131n da \u0259sas m\u0259nb\u0259yi hesab olunur. Salmonelyozlar – antroponoz (x\u0259st\u0259lik m\u0259nb\u0259yi x\u0259st\u0259 insanlard\u0131r) v\u0259 zoonoz (x\u0259st\u0259lik m\u0259nb\u0259yi x\u0259st\u0259 heyvanlar v\u0259 heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131d\u0131r) olmaqla 2 qrupa b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. Zoonoz salmonelyozlar insanlara salmonelyozlu x\u0259st\u0259 ev heyvanlar\u0131 il\u0259 (iri v\u0259 x\u0131rdabuynuzlu heyvanlar, qu\u015flar v\u0259 s.) t\u0259mas v\u0259 ya salmonellalarla siray\u0259tl\u0259nmi\u015f \u00e7iy v\u0259 ya yar\u0131bi\u015fmi\u015f halda olan heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n istehlak\u0131 (\u0259t m\u0259hsullar\u0131, s\u00fcd m\u0259hsullar\u0131, yumurta, x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngkimil\u0259r v\u0259 s.) n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 yoluxur. Qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131ndan insanlara yoluxan v\u0259 ba\u011f\u0131rsaq divar\u0131nda m\u0259skunla\u015fan salmonellalar (S. typhimurium, S.enteritidis v\u0259 b.) h\u0259yat f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 enterotoksinl\u0259r, \u00f6ld\u00fckd\u0259n sonra is\u0259 neyrotrop t\u0259sir\u0259 malik endotoksinl\u0259r ifraz edir. Bu da insanlarda m\u0259d\u0259-ba\u011f\u0131rsaq v\u0259 sinir poz\u011funluqlar\u0131, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 septisemiya il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259n\u0259n qida z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur. Qida z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259rinin \u0259sas t\u00f6r\u0259dicil\u0259rind\u0259n biri say\u0131lan salmonellalar heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n istehsal v\u0259 ya istehlak\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 sanitar-gigiyenik qaydalara \u0259m\u0259l edilm\u0259dikd\u0259 h\u0259min m\u0259hsullar\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 geni\u015f yay\u0131l\u0131r. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259 qu\u015f\u00e7uluq m\u0259hsullar\u0131 (qu\u015f \u0259ti, yumurta v\u0259 s.) bu bakteriya n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259sas da\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Salmonelyoza yoluxmu\u015f heyvan v\u0259 qu\u015flar\u0131n ifrazatlar\u0131 \u0259traf m\u00fchitin – torpa\u011f\u0131n, suyun, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 meyv\u0259-t\u0259r\u0259v\u0259zin daha \u00e7ox \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur ki, bu da bakteriyan\u0131n intensiv \u00e7oxalmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u0259lveri\u015fli \u015f\u0259rait yarad\u0131r. H\u0259\u015f\u0259ratlar\u0131n da bu infeksiya n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u00fcn yay\u0131lmas\u0131nda v\u0259 insanlar aras\u0131nda salmonelyozlar\u0131n ba\u015f verm\u0259sind\u0259 rolu b\u00f6y\u00fckd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n Salmonelyoza yoluxmu\u015f insanlarda x\u0259st\u0259lik n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n intoksikasiyalar temperaturun y\u00fcks\u0259lm\u0259si, hals\u0131zl\u0131q, i\u015ftahan\u0131n azalmas\u0131, qusma, ishal v\u0259 dig\u0259r \u0259lam\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 edilir.<\/p>\n \u018ftraf m\u00fchitin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif amill\u0259rin\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 temperaturun t\u0259sirin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 davaml\u0131 olan salmonellalar xarici m\u00fchit \u015f\u0259raitind\u0259 h\u0259yat f\u0259aliyy\u0259tini uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t (torpaqda 18 ay, suda 5 ay, \u0259t v\u0259 \u0259t m\u0259hsullar\u0131nda 6-12 ay, qu\u015f \u0259tind\u0259 12 ay, s\u00fcdd\u0259 3 h\u0259ft\u0259, yumurta qab\u0131\u011f\u0131nda 3 ay v\u0259 s.) qoruyub saxlaya bilir. H\u0259tta dondurulmu\u015f v\u0259 ya duzla konservl\u0259\u015fdirilmi\u015f heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li m\u0259hsullar\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 d\u0259 salmonellalar uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t sa\u011f qal\u0131r. Buna baxmayaraq, birba\u015fa g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f \u015f\u00fcalar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259sirind\u0259n salmonellalar 5-9 saat \u0259rzind\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259f olur. Dezinfeksiyaedici madd\u0259l\u0259r (2 %-li fenol m\u0259hlulu, 3 %-li natrium hidroksid m\u0259hlulu, 5 %-li aktiv xlor m\u0259hlulu, 3 %-li formaldehid m\u0259hlulu) salmonellalar\u0131 15-20 d\u0259qiq\u0259 \u0259rzind\u0259 m\u0259hv edir.<\/p>\n Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t saxlan\u0131lan yumurtalar\u0131n qab\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00f6vcud olan salmonellalar onun s\u0259thind\u0259n daxilin\u0259 siray\u0259t edir v\u0259 orada aktiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 art\u0131b \u00e7oxal\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, salmonellalar\u0131n S.enterica v\u0259 S. bongori n\u00f6vl\u0259rin\u0259 aid olan 2500-d\u0259n \u00e7ox serotipi m\u00f6vcuddur. S.enterica n\u00f6v\u00fcn\u0259 m\u0259nsub olan patogen salmonellalar (x\u00fcsusil\u0259 S.enteritidis) zoonoz mikroorqanizm kimi daha \u00e7ox qida infeksiyalar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f verm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olur.<\/p>\n Salmonellalar temperaturun 4-450 C v\u0259 pH g\u00f6st\u0259ricisinin 4,1-9,0 oldu\u011fu m\u00fchitd\u0259 inki\u015faf edir. Lakin temperaturun 35-370 C v\u0259 pH-\u0131n 7,2-7,4 oldu\u011fu m\u00fchit bakteriyalar\u0131n art\u0131b \u00e7oxalmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn daha optimal hesab olunur. Y\u00fcks\u0259k termiki t\u0259sir\u0259 (60-750 C) davams\u0131z olan bu bakteriyalar qaynad\u0131lma n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 (1000 C-d\u0259) daha q\u0131sa m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 (5-10 d\u0259qiq\u0259) t\u0259l\u0259f olur. B\u0259z\u0259n qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131nda t\u0259sad\u00fcf edil\u0259n S.typhimurium 750 C-y\u0259 25 d\u0259qiq\u0259, 850 C-y\u0259 is\u0259 40 d\u0259qiq\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 davaml\u0131l\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259rir. N\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 almaq laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, qida z\u0259nciri boyunca rast g\u0259lin\u0259n salmonellalar\u0131n bir s\u0131ra n\u00f6vl\u0259ri (S.typhimurium, S.enteritidis v\u0259 b.) antibakterial preparatlara qar\u015f\u0131 davaml\u0131l\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Bu is\u0259 salmonelyoza yoluxan insanlar\u0131n m\u00fcalic\u0259si zaman\u0131 effektiv antibiotikl\u0259rin se\u00e7imind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li qida infeksiyas\u0131 kimi tan\u0131nan salmonellalardan qorunmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 b\u0259zi t\u00f6vsiy\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0259m\u0259l etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r:<\/p>\n \u2022 Heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n saxlanmas\u0131, da\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 v\u0259 realizasiyas\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 baytarl\u0131q-sanitariya qaydalar\u0131na riay\u0259t olunmal\u0131;<\/p>\n \u2022 Baytarl\u0131q ekspertizas\u0131na c\u0259lb olunmayan heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131 istehlak edilm\u0259m\u0259li;<\/p>\n \u2022 \u00c7iy v\u0259 ya yar\u0131bi\u015fmi\u015f halda olan heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131 istehlak edilm\u0259m\u0259li;<\/p>\n \u2022 Heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n soyuducuda saxlanmas\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 mal qon\u015fulu\u011funa riay\u0259t edilm\u0259li;<\/p>\n \u2022 Soyuducuda saxlan\u0131lan haz\u0131r qidalar\u0131n yax\u015f\u0131 q\u0131zd\u0131r\u0131lmadan istehlak\u0131na yol verilm\u0259m\u0259li;<\/p>\n \u2022 \u00c7iy v\u0259 bi\u015firilmi\u015f halda olan heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn istifad\u0259 olunan m\u0259tb\u0259x \u0259\u015fyalar\u0131 ayr\u0131 olmal\u0131;<\/p>\n \u2022 \u015e\u0259xsi gigiyena qaydalar\u0131na ciddi riay\u0259t edilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li qida infeksiyas\u0131 olan salmonellalar proteolitik x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t\u0259 malik deyil. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n orqanoleptik g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259, qoxusunda v\u0259 ya dad\u0131nda d\u0259yi\u015fikliy\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmur. Bu is\u0259 salmonellalarla \u00e7irkl\u0259nmi\u015f qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz qidadan ay\u0131rd edilm\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tinlik t\u00f6r\u0259dir. Odur ki, yax\u015f\u0131 bi\u015firilm\u0259y\u0259n heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n istehlak\u0131 yolverilm\u0259zdir. ARANTV.AZ\u00a0\u00a0Trend-\u0259 istinad\u0259n bildirir ki,\u00a0bu fikirl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan Qida T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi \u0130nstitutunun Elmi-t\u0259dqiqat v\u0259 riskl\u0259rin qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259si deg\u00f6r\u0259, partamentinin Heyvan sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00f6b\u0259sinin m\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259rinin haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 qeyd edilib. M\u0259qal\u0259d\u0259 bildirilir ki, qida m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 b\u0259z\u0259n salmonella n\u00f6vl\u0259ri il\u0259 \u00e7irkl\u0259nmi\u015f m\u0259hsullar s\u0259b\u0259b ola bilir. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, salmonellalar (lat. Salmonella spp)…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":304430,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926.jpg",800,600,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926.jpg",800,600,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926.jpg",800,600,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926-300x225.jpg",300,225,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926.jpg",640,480,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926.jpg",800,600,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926.jpg",800,600,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/926926.jpg",800,600,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Sosial<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li qida infeksiyas\u0131 olan salmonellalar proteolitik x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259t\u0259 malik deyil. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n orqanoleptik g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u0259, qoxusunda v\u0259 ya dad\u0131nda d\u0259yi\u015fikliy\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmur. Bu is\u0259 salmonellalarla \u00e7irkl\u0259nmi\u015f qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259siz qidadan ay\u0131rd edilm\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7\u0259tinlik t\u00f6r\u0259dir. Odur ki, yax\u015f\u0131 bi\u015firilm\u0259y\u0259n heyvan m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li qida m\u0259hsullar\u0131n\u0131n istehlak\u0131 yolverilm\u0259zdir. ARANTV.AZ\u00a0\u00a0Trend-\u0259 istinad\u0259n bildirir ki,\u00a0bu fikirl\u0259r Az\u0259rbaycan Qida T\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyi \u0130nstitutunun Elmi-t\u0259dqiqat…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304429"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=304429"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/304429\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/304430"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=304429"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=304429"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=304429"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}