{"id":309037,"date":"2021-03-09T07:54:57","date_gmt":"2021-03-09T04:54:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=309037"},"modified":"2021-03-09T07:54:57","modified_gmt":"2021-03-09T04:54:57","slug":"savadsiz-aliml%c9%99r-novruzu-bel%c9%99-farslasdirdi-professor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=309037","title":{"rendered":"Savads\u0131z aliml\u0259r Novruzu bel\u0259 farsla\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131 – Professor"},"content":{"rendered":"

Elmi mahiyy\u0259ti etibaril\u0259 Novruz t\u0259bi\u0259t t\u0259qvimin\u0259 (astronomik G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f t\u0259qvimin\u0259) \u0259saslanan Yeni il bayram\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, Novruz Yer planetinin \u015eimal yar\u0131mk\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f canl\u0131 varl\u0131qlara t\u0259bi\u0259tin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u0259x\u015f etdiyi t\u0259qvim bayram\u0131d\u0131r.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u015eaxtal\u0131 q\u0131\u015f f\u0259slind\u0259n sonra t\u0259dric\u0259n istil\u0259\u015f\u0259n hava, m\u00fclayim G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f \u015f\u00fcalar\u0131 donmu\u015f t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131 varl\u0131qlar\u0131 sanki yenid\u0259n canland\u0131r\u0131r. T\u0259bi\u0259tin yenil\u0259nm\u0259si, sular\u0131n \u015f\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131s\u0131, g\u00fcl-\u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259rin \u0259tri, qu\u015flar\u0131n n\u0259\u011fm\u0259si insanlara xo\u015f ovqat, yeni ruh, t\u0259rav\u0259t b\u0259x\u015f edir, onlarda yeni h\u0259yat e\u015fqi, yeni \u00fcmid v\u0259 arzular do\u011furur. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, el\u0259 bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259 BMT-nin ke\u00e7mi\u015f ba\u015f katibi Pan Gi Mun Novruz haqq\u0131nda bel\u0259 demi\u015fdir: \u201cM\u0259n inan\u0131ram ki, g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259kd\u0259 bizim planetin b\u00fct\u00fcn sakinl\u0259ri fikir ayr\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131, inciklikl\u0259ri k\u0259nara qoyub, stereotipl\u0259rd\u0259n azad olacaqlar v\u0259 i\u015f\u0131ql\u0131 Novruz ham\u0131n\u0131n bayram\u0131 olacaqd\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n

Novruz el\u0259 indi d\u0259 bir s\u0131ra \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycanda, \u0130randa, \u018ffqan\u0131standa, Pakistanda, \u00d6zb\u0259kistanda, Tacikistanda, Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131z\u0131standa, Qazax\u0131standa v\u0259 T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistanda d\u00f6vl\u0259t s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 ke\u00e7irilir. Bu \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 Novruzun milli bayram kimi ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si is\u0259 vaxtil\u0259 bu \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilik dininin yay\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Novruz h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n d\u0259 \u00f6z f\u0259ls\u0259f\u0259si v\u0259 ideologiyas\u0131 il\u0259 insanlar aras\u0131nda dostluq, s\u00fclh v\u0259 \u0259min-amanl\u0131q yarad\u0131r.<\/p>\n

H\u0259r bir bayram kimi, Novruzun da \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus tarixi v\u0259 \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri olmu\u015fdur. Bu \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rin \u00e7oxunu biz indi d\u0259 formal olaraq qeyd edirik, ancaq q\u0259dim \u0259cdadlar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n onlara verdikl\u0259ri m\u0259nalar\u0131 is\u0259 art\u0131q unutmu\u015fuq. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 burada biz \u0259sas\u0259n Novruzun tarixi v\u0259 onun m\u0259rasiml\u0259rinin q\u0259dim m\u0259nalar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 dayanaca\u011f\u0131q.<\/p>\n

Novruz \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri ilkin olaraq q\u0259dim sak tayfalar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yaran\u0131bd\u0131r. M\u0259n\u015f\u0259c\u0259 sak olan Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft d\u0259 \u00f6z h\u0259mtayfalar\u0131n\u0131n dini inanclar\u0131nda islahatlar aparmaq m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 onlara yeni m\u0259nalar ver\u0259r\u0259k, \u00f6z t\u0259limin\u0259 daxil etmi\u015fdir. H\u0259myerlil\u0259ri Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc \u0259cdadlar\u0131n etiqad\u0131na m\u00fcxalif \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f bir adam kimi Baykalyan\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259n qovduqdan sonra o, indiki \u018ffqan\u0131stan \u0259razisin\u0259 g\u0259lir v\u0259 H\u0259xam\u0259ni\u015fi d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin buradak\u0131 cani\u015fini Vi\u015ftaspa (I Daran\u0131n atas\u0131) onun t\u0259limini q\u0259bul edir. El\u0259 h\u0259min zaman (e.\u0259. 6-c\u0131 \u0259srd\u0259) Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn yax\u0131n k\u00f6m\u0259k\u00e7il\u0259rind\u0259n olan C\u0259maspa (sonrak\u0131 r\u0259vay\u0259tl\u0259rd\u0259 – C\u0259m\u015fid) z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftliyi t\u0259bli\u011f etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 Midiyaya g\u0259lir v\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lki dinl\u0259ri I Dara t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qada\u011fan edilmi\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan mu\u011flar\u0131 Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn t\u0259limini q\u0259bul edirl\u0259r. Farslar is\u0259, Daran\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn s\u0259yl\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq, \u00f6zl\u0259rinin q\u0259dim Mitra dinin\u0259 sadiq qalaraq, Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn t\u0259limini q\u0259bul etmirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilik dini \u0130randa t\u0259qrib\u0259n 1000 il sonra \u2013 Sasanil\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 yay\u0131lmaqda olan xristian dinin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 vasit\u0259si kimi q\u0259bul edilir v\u0259 bu zaman Mitra dininin ayinl\u0259ri d\u0259 Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn dinin\u0259 qar\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131laraq, \u201cAvesta\u201d adlanan kitab hal\u0131na sal\u0131n\u0131r (\u00e7\u00fcnki xristian dininin kitab\u0131 var idi). Bunu da t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcfl\u0259 qeyd etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r ki, indi bizim qeyd etdiyimiz d\u00f6rd \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fc d\u0259 Novruzun yox, h\u0259min Mitra bayram\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259ridir. Halbuki 1970-ci ill\u0259r\u0259d\u0259k farslardan f\u0259rqli olaraq, bizd\u0259 Novruzdan \u0259vv\u0259l alt\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 m\u0259rasimi v\u0259 ya \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fc qeyd edilirdi. O zaman bir ne\u00e7\u0259 il Novruz bizd\u0259 r\u0259smi s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 qeyd edilm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015fland\u0131. \u00c7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 g\u00fcnl\u0259ri is\u0259 xalq yadda\u015f\u0131nda m\u00fcxt\u0259lif b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 f\u0259rqli adlar da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. \u018fsas\u0259n is\u0259 \u201cyalan\u00e7\u0131 \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259\u201d, \u201c\u0259z\u0259l \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259\u201d, \u201cm\u00fcjd\u0259\u00e7i \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259\u201d, \u201cg\u00fcl \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259\u201d, \u201ck\u00fcl \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259\u201d v\u0259 \u201cilax\u0131r \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259\u201d adlar\u0131ndan istifad\u0259 edilirdi. Buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 bizim folklor\u015f\u00fcnaslara bu adlar\u0131 sisteml\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k bar\u0259d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015f verildi. Onlar is\u0259 Novruzun tarixini v\u0259 sistemini bilm\u0259dikl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 mexaniki sur\u0259td\u0259 fars \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 g\u00fcnl\u0259rini v\u0259 \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259rini (su, od, yel v\u0259 torpaq) g\u00f6t\u00fcrd\u00fcl\u0259r. Bu \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259r Mitra dininin yaran\u0131\u015f \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259ridir. Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftiliyin yaran\u0131\u015f \u0259fsan\u0259sin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n is\u0259 Ahura M\u0259zda d\u00fcnyan\u0131 yeddi \u00fcns\u00fcrd\u0259n ibar\u0259t yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn dig\u0259r \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259ri \u00f6z \u0259hat\u0259sin\u0259 alan v\u0259 yumurta qab\u0131\u011f\u0131 formas\u0131nda olan s\u0259man\u0131, sonra qab\u0131\u011f\u0131\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 hiss\u0259sini dolduran suyu, sonra suyun \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259ki yast\u0131 yeri, yerin \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 is\u0259 bir bitkini, bir bu\u011fan\u0131 v\u0259 Kiya M\u0259rtan adl\u0131 bir insan\u0131, n\u0259hay\u0259t, G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin simas\u0131nda g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u0259n odu (at\u0259\u015fi). Bu \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t olan d\u00fcnya \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r sabit halda s\u0259man\u0131n ortas\u0131nda dayan\u0131rd\u0131. Ancaq sonra qaranl\u0131qda yatm\u0131\u015f \u015f\u0259r tanr\u0131s\u0131 \u018fhrim\u0259n G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan oyan\u0131b q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259nir v\u0259 Ahura M\u0259zdan\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7ir. O, s\u0259man\u0131 yar\u0131r, suyu buland\u0131r\u0131r, yerin hamar s\u0259thini k\u0259l\u0259-k\u00f6t\u00fcr edir, bitkini susuz qoyaraq qurudur, bu\u011fan\u0131 v\u0259 insan\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcr, odu t\u00fcst\u00fcy\u0259 yoluxdurur. Bunu g\u00f6r\u0259n Ahura M\u0259zda d\u00fcnyan\u0131 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259tirir: G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f d\u00f6vr etm\u0259y\u0259, gec\u0259 il\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz \u0259v\u0259zl\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259, sular axma\u011fa, bitki, bu\u011fa v\u0259 insan da canlanma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131rlar. \u00d6z yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 \u018fhrim\u0259nin g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k h\u00fccumlar\u0131ndan qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Ahura M\u0259zda yeddi \u201c\u00f6lm\u0259z m\u0259l\u0259k\u201d (\u201came\u015fa spent\u0259\u201d) yarad\u0131r ki, onlardan h\u0259r biri bir \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fcn qoruyucusu olsun.<\/p>\n

M\u0259lumdur ki, z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilik t\u0259liminin \u0259sas\u0131nda xeyirl\u0259 \u015f\u0259rin \u0259b\u0259di m\u00fcbariz\u0259si dayan\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259 sonda xeyir q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rin q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259si il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259lidir. Ancaq h\u0259l\u0259lik gah xeyir q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri, gah d\u0259 \u015f\u0259r q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fcst\u00fcn g\u0259lirl\u0259r. Bu t\u0259limd\u0259 il iki f\u0259sl\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr v\u0259 bel\u0259 hesab edilir ki, yayda xeyir, q\u0131\u015fda is\u0259 \u015f\u0259r q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edirl\u0259r. M\u0259hz bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259 q\u0131\u015fda insanlar, heyvanlar v\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259bi\u0259t soyuq, x\u0259st\u0259lik v\u0259 acl\u0131qdan \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kirl\u0259r. Q\u0131\u015f\u0131n ortalar\u0131nda \u015f\u0259r q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri o q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fccl\u0259nirl\u0259r ki, insanlar qoruyucu m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259ri k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rma\u011fa m\u0259cbur olurlar. H\u0259r \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 g\u00fcn\u00fc onlar m\u0259rasiml\u0259r ke\u00e7ir\u0259r\u0259k, qoruyucu m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259rd\u0259n birin\u0259 m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131rlar. N\u0259hay\u0259t, ax\u0131r \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 ax\u015fam\u0131 qoruyucu m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259r v\u0259 insanlar\u0131n \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f qohumlar\u0131n\u0131n ruhlar\u0131 yer\u0259 yax\u0131nla\u015fma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131rlar. Novruz \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 evl\u0259rin, h\u0259y\u0259t-bacalar\u0131n t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259si, yeni paltarlar al\u0131nmas\u0131 v\u0259 s. d\u0259 m\u0259hz bu \u201cqonaqlar\u0131n\u201d qar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Ax\u0131r \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 ax\u015fam\u0131 is\u0259 h\u0259tta kas\u0131b adamlar bel\u0259 \u00f6z qohumlar\u0131n\u0131nn ruhlar\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259rin \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 bacard\u0131qlar\u0131 s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 bol s\u00fcfr\u0259 a\u00e7mal\u0131d\u0131rlar. H\u0259m\u00e7inin bu g\u00fcn\u00fc k\u00fcs\u0259nl\u0259r bar\u0131\u015fmal\u0131, ham\u0131 yax\u015f\u0131 s\u00f6zl\u0259r dan\u0131\u015fmal\u0131, mehriban olmal\u0131d\u0131rlar ki, ruhlar v\u0259 m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259r onlardan raz\u0131 qals\u0131nlar. El\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 \u00f6lm\u00fc\u015f qohumlar\u0131n q\u0259bri ziyar\u0259t edilm\u0259li, onlar\u0131n ruhuna ehsan verilm\u0259lidir. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259 C\u0259nubi Az\u0259rbaycanda ax\u0131r \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259y\u0259 \u201c\u00d6l\u00fcl\u0259r bayram\u0131\u201d da deyilir. Ax\u015fam qaranl\u0131q d\u00fc\u015f\u0259nd\u0259n sonra ruhlar \u00f6z evl\u0259rini v\u0259 qohumlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u015f\u0131qda tan\u0131y\u0131b, ev\u0259 tez \u00e7ats\u0131nlar dey\u0259 damlar\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r h\u00fcnd\u00fcr yerl\u0259rd\u0259 tonqal qalay\u0131b, onun \u00fcst\u00fcnd\u0259n tullan\u0131rlar. Ancaq Novruz m\u0259rasiml\u0259rinin q\u0259dim m\u0259nalar\u0131 unuduldu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259 indi insanlar el\u0259 bilirl\u0259r ki, x\u0259st\u0259lik v\u0259 azarlardan t\u0259mizl\u0259nm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tonqal\u0131n \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n tullan\u0131rlar, halbuki z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilikd\u0259 od \u00e7ox m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s say\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 onu \u00e7irkl\u0259ndirm\u0259k g\u00fcnah hesab edilir.<\/p>\n

Ruhlar v\u0259 m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259r \u201cg\u0259lib \u00e7\u0131xandan\u201d sonra onlar\u0131n \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 qonaql\u0131q ba\u015flay\u0131r. Ruhlar \u00f6z paylar\u0131n\u0131 almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn qap\u0131 v\u0259 bacalardan torba sallay\u0131rlar. Ev sahibl\u0259ri is\u0259 bu torbalara \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 yem\u0259kl\u0259rd\u0259n qoymal\u0131d\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n

Ax\u0131r \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259 ax\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n s\u0259h\u0259ri is\u0259 insanlar onlara k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015f ruhlar v\u0259 m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259rin yard\u0131m\u0131 il\u0259 \u015f\u0259r q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131rlar, y\u0259ni bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm etdir\u0259n m\u0259rasiml\u0259r ke\u00e7irirl\u0259r. Bizd\u0259 bu m\u0259rasiml\u0259rd\u0259n \u0259n \u00e7ox tan\u0131nan\u0131 ke\u00e7\u0259ll\u0259 kosa aras\u0131ndak\u0131 tama\u015fad\u0131r. Burada ke\u00e7\u0259l t\u0259bi\u0259ti ke\u00e7\u0259ll\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015f q\u0131\u015f\u0131n, kosa is\u0259 xeyir-b\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t r\u0259mzi olan ke\u00e7inin v\u0259 bahar\u0131n simvollar\u0131d\u0131r. Bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 kosa ke\u00e7\u0259l\u0259, y\u0259ni bahar q\u0131\u015fa qalib g\u0259lir. B\u0259zi rayonlarda (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Ordubadda) q\u0131\u015fda a\u011fal\u0131q ed\u0259n \u018fhrim\u0259n \u201cxan\u201d kimi geyindirilir v\u0259 sonda onu g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcb suya at\u0131rlar. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n Mu\u011fanl\u0131 k\u0259ndind\u0259 is\u0259 son zamanlara q\u0259d\u0259r \u015f\u0259r q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r rolunu \u201cke\u00e7\u0259papaqlar\u201d adlanan insanlar oynay\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar. Onlar adamlara \u0259ziyy\u0259t verir, onlar\u0131 \u201cd\u00f6y\u00fcb, pullar\u0131n\u0131 al\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar\u201d. Sakinl\u0259r is\u0259 onlar\u0131 yumurta il\u0259 vururmu\u015flar (S.Rzasoy. Mu\u011fanl\u0131da Novruz karnaval\u0131. Tbilisi. 2014. s. 35).<\/p>\n

Bel\u0259likl\u0259, bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259 Novruz g\u00fcn\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r davam edirmi\u015f, Novruz g\u00fcn\u00fc is\u0259 (20 v\u0259 ya 21 mart) xeyir q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri \u015f\u0259r q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 qalib g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k, \u00f6z q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259rini bayram etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131rm\u0131\u015flar.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilikd\u0259 od \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fc d\u0259 m\u0259hz bu g\u00fcn qeyd edilirdi. Bu is\u0259 mahiyy\u0259tc\u0259 q\u0131\u015f\u0131n yola sal\u0131n\u0131b, bahar\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 anlam\u0131na g\u0259lir, \u00e7\u00fcnki h\u0259min g\u00fcn G\u00fcn\u0259\u015fin ekvator x\u0259ttinin c\u0259nubundan \u015eimal yar\u0131mk\u00fcr\u0259sin\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 gec\u0259 il\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz b\u0259rab\u0259rl\u0259\u015fir v\u0259 onun s\u0259h\u0259ri g\u00fcn\u00fcnd\u0259n etibar\u0259n is\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u00fczl\u0259r uzanma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131r. T\u0259biidir ki, daha q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 insanlar gec\u0259 il\u0259 g\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u00fcn b\u0259rab\u0259rl\u0259\u015fdiyi g\u00fcn\u00fc d\u0259qiq sur\u0259td\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259 bilm\u0259zdil\u0259r v\u0259 ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 Novruz bayram\u0131 da bahar\u0131n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif g\u00fcnl\u0259rind\u0259 qeyd edilirdi. Novruzun d\u0259qiq g\u00fcn\u00fc yaln\u0131z XI \u0259srd\u0259 S\u0259lcuq sultan\u0131 M\u0259lik\u015fah\u0131n g\u00f6st\u0259ri\u015fi il\u0259 m\u0259\u015fhur astronom v\u0259 \u015fair \u00d6m\u0259r X\u0259yyam\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi aliml\u0259r qrupu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015f yeni G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f t\u0259qvimind\u0259 t\u0259sbit edildi.<\/p>\n

Sonda Novruzda \u201ch\u0259ft sin (7 \u201cse\u201d) s\u00fcfr\u0259si\u201d adlanan anlay\u0131\u015f haqq\u0131nda da q\u0131sa m\u0259lumat verm\u0259yi laz\u0131m bilirik. Bu ifad\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n fars Novruzunda geni\u015f yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u00e7oxlar\u0131 el\u0259 bilir ki, bu \u0259n\u0259n\u0259 bizd\u0259 yoxdur. Ancaq bu do\u011fru deyil, sad\u0259c\u0259 biz bu ifad\u0259ni i\u015fl\u0259tmirik. \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 bu anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n m\u0259n\u015f\u0259yin\u0259 v\u0259 mahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r salaq.<\/p>\n

Z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcn d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Novruz bayram\u0131na \u201cAhura M\u0259zda bayram\u0131\u201d deyilirdi, ancaq Sasanil\u0259r d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 bu addak\u0131 iki s\u00f6z art\u0131q birl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, \u201cH\u00f6rm\u00fczd\u201d formas\u0131 alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Yuxar\u0131da deyildiyi kimi, z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilik t\u0259limin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, Ahura M\u0259zdan\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00fcnya yeddi \u00fcns\u00fcrd\u0259n ibar\u0259t idi v\u0259 onlardan h\u0259r biri bir \u201c\u00f6lm\u0259z m\u0259l\u0259k\u201d (ame\u015fa spent\u0259) t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qorunurdu. \u018fr\u0259b i\u015f\u011fal\u0131ndan v\u0259 islam\u0131n q\u0259bulundan sonra is\u0259 z\u0259rd\u00fc\u015ftilik dini il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 onun bayramlar\u0131 v\u0259 m\u0259l\u0259kl\u0259ri d\u0259 (spent\u0259l\u0259r) qada\u011fan edilmi\u015fdi. X\u0259lif\u0259 M\u00fcaviyy\u0259 h\u0259r il ona \u201ch\u0259diyy\u0259\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda veril\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck bac m\u00fcqabilind\u0259 \u201cH\u00f6rm\u00fczd\u201d bayram\u0131n\u0131n ke\u00e7irilm\u0259sin\u0259 icaz\u0259 verdi, ancaq bu \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259 ki, bayram dini yox, yaln\u0131z t\u0259qvim bayram\u0131 s\u0259ciyy\u0259si da\u015f\u0131mal\u0131 v\u0259 H\u00f6rm\u00fczd yox, Novruz (Yeni g\u00fcn) ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda ke\u00e7irilm\u0259li idi.<\/p>\n

Ahura M\u0259zda bayram\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n biri d\u0259 bu idi ki, bayram s\u00fcfr\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259min 7 spent\u0259ni (m\u0259l\u0259yi) v\u0259 onlar\u0131n himay\u0259si alt\u0131nda olan 7 \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fc simvoliz\u0259 ed\u0259n 7 m\u0259mulat olmal\u0131 idi. Farslar \u201ch\u0259ft spent\u0259\u201d (7 m\u0259l\u0259k) ifad\u0259sini m\u00fcs\u0259lman ruhanil\u0259rinin n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n yay\u0131nd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bu \u0259n\u0259n\u0259y\u0259 \u201ch\u0259ft sin\u201d ad\u0131 verdil\u0259r. Bu \u0259n\u0259n\u0259nin m\u0259nas\u0131 unudulduqdan sonra is\u0259 sonrak\u0131 n\u0259sill\u0259r h\u0259min ifad\u0259ni \u201cse\u201d h\u0259rfi il\u0259 ba\u015flayan 7 nem\u0259t m\u0259nas\u0131nda ba\u015fa d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, s\u00fcfr\u0259y\u0259 s\u0259bz\u0259 (bizim s\u0259m\u0259niy\u0259 deyilir), s\u0259m\u0259nu (c\u00fcc\u0259rmi\u015f bu\u011fda d\u0259nind\u0259n haz\u0131rlanan x\u00f6r\u0259k), senced (iyd\u0259), sir (sar\u0131msaq), sib (alma), sumaq v\u0259 sirk\u0259 qoyma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131lar. Halbuki bu m\u0259lumatlar spent\u0259l\u0259rin qoruduqlar\u0131 \u00fcns\u00fcrl\u0259rin he\u00e7 d\u0259 ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 etmirl\u0259r v\u0259 onlardan b\u0259zil\u0259ri he\u00e7 bayram s\u00fcfr\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcnasib d\u0259 say\u0131la bilm\u0259z. H\u0259m d\u0259 ba\u015fqa dill\u0259rd\u0259 onlar\u0131n adlar\u0131 ba\u015fqa h\u0259rfl\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bizim Novruz s\u00fcfr\u0259sind\u0259 is\u0259 bu ad\u0259t\u0259 x\u00fcsusi bir ad verilm\u0259s\u0259 d\u0259, s\u00fcfr\u0259y\u0259 qeyd edil\u0259n q\u0259dim \u0259n\u0259n\u0259nin mahiyy\u0259tin\u0259 daha \u00e7ox uy\u011fun olan m\u0259mulatlar qoyulur: s\u0259man\u0131n (g\u00f6y q\u00fcbb\u0259sinin) \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 boyanm\u0131\u015f yumurta, su \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc simvoliz\u0259 ed\u0259n \u015f\u0259rab (islamdan sonra \u2013 \u015f\u0259rb\u0259t), Yeri (torpa\u011f\u0131) simvoliz\u0259 ed\u0259n k\u00fcl\u00e7\u0259l\u0259r, bitkil\u0259ri bildir\u0259n s\u0259m\u0259ni, heyvan \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc bildir\u0259n \u0259t v\u0259 s\u00fcd m\u0259hsullar\u0131, insanlar\u0131 t\u0259msil ed\u0259n i\u015ftirak\u00e7\u0131lar, odun (at\u0259\u015fin) t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm\u00fc kimi is\u0259 \u015fam v\u0259 ya \u00e7\u0131raq. Bu deyil\u0259nl\u0259r el\u0259 indi d\u0259 bizim Novruz s\u00fcfr\u0259mizin ayr\u0131lmaz atributlar\u0131d\u0131r. Orta \u0259sr m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rinin d\u0259 qeyd etdikl\u0259ri kimi, h\u0259l\u0259 q\u0259dim zamanlardan Novruz \u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259ri \u0259n dol\u011fun v\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 m\u0259hz Az\u0259rbaycanda saxlan\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

N\u0259hay\u0259t, bunu da dem\u0259k yerin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r ki, \u201ch\u0259ft sin\u201d \u0259n\u0259n\u0259sinin \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 bir daha t\u0259sdiq edir ki, Novruzun yaran\u0131\u015f sistemind\u0259 d\u00fcnya 4 yox, 7 \u00fcns\u00fcrd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. H\u0259l\u0259 ki, Novruz \u00e7\u0259r\u015f\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rinin q\u0259dim adlar\u0131 xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n yadda\u015f\u0131ndan silinm\u0259yibdir, onlar\u0131 yenid\u0259n sisteml\u0259\u015fdir\u0259r\u0259k b\u0259rpa etm\u0259k, fikrimizc\u0259, d\u00fczg\u00fcn add\u0131m olard\u0131.<\/p>\n

Kamil H\u00fcseyno\u011flu,<\/strong><\/p>\n

Filologiya elml\u0259ri doktoru, professor<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Elmi mahiyy\u0259ti etibaril\u0259 Novruz t\u0259bi\u0259t t\u0259qvimin\u0259 (astronomik G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f t\u0259qvimin\u0259) \u0259saslanan Yeni il bayram\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, Novruz Yer planetinin \u015eimal yar\u0131mk\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f canl\u0131 varl\u0131qlara t\u0259bi\u0259tin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u0259x\u015f etdiyi t\u0259qvim bayram\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eaxtal\u0131 q\u0131\u015f f\u0259slind\u0259n sonra t\u0259dric\u0259n istil\u0259\u015f\u0259n hava, m\u00fclayim G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f \u015f\u00fcalar\u0131 donmu\u015f t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131 varl\u0131qlar\u0131 sanki yenid\u0259n canland\u0131r\u0131r. T\u0259bi\u0259tin yenil\u0259nm\u0259si, sular\u0131n \u015f\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131s\u0131, g\u00fcl-\u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259rin \u0259tri, qu\u015flar\u0131n n\u0259\u011fm\u0259si insanlara xo\u015f ovqat, yeni ruh, t\u0259rav\u0259t b\u0259x\u015f edir, onlarda yeni h\u0259yat e\u015fqi, yeni \u00fcmid v\u0259 arzular do\u011furur. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, el\u0259 bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n d\u0259 BMT-nin ke\u00e7mi\u015f ba\u015f katibi Pan Gi Mun Novruz haqq\u0131nda bel\u0259 demi\u015fdir: \u201cM\u0259n inan\u0131ram…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":309038,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal.jpg",500,333,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal.jpg",500,333,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal.jpg",500,333,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal-150x150.jpg",150,150,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal-300x200.jpg",300,200,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal.jpg",500,333,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal.jpg",500,333,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal.jpg",500,333,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/novruz-tonqal.jpg",500,333,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Sosial<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Elmi mahiyy\u0259ti etibaril\u0259 Novruz t\u0259bi\u0259t t\u0259qvimin\u0259 (astronomik G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f t\u0259qvimin\u0259) \u0259saslanan Yeni il bayram\u0131d\u0131r. Ba\u015fqa s\u00f6zl\u0259, Novruz Yer planetinin \u015eimal yar\u0131mk\u00fcr\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f canl\u0131 varl\u0131qlara t\u0259bi\u0259tin \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u0259x\u015f etdiyi t\u0259qvim bayram\u0131d\u0131r. \u015eaxtal\u0131 q\u0131\u015f f\u0259slind\u0259n sonra t\u0259dric\u0259n istil\u0259\u015f\u0259n hava, m\u00fclayim G\u00fcn\u0259\u015f \u015f\u00fcalar\u0131 donmu\u015f t\u0259bi\u0259td\u0259ki b\u00fct\u00fcn canl\u0131 varl\u0131qlar\u0131 sanki yenid\u0259n canland\u0131r\u0131r. T\u0259bi\u0259tin yenil\u0259nm\u0259si, sular\u0131n \u015f\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131s\u0131, g\u00fcl-\u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259rin \u0259tri, qu\u015flar\u0131n n\u0259\u011fm\u0259si…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309037"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=309037"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/309037\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/309038"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=309037"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=309037"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=309037"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}