{"id":358166,"date":"2021-07-17T20:45:07","date_gmt":"2021-07-17T17:45:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=358166"},"modified":"2021-07-17T20:45:07","modified_gmt":"2021-07-17T17:45:07","slug":"q%c9%99zetciliyin-yaranma-tarixi-v%c9%99-milli-m%c9%99tbuatimiz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=358166","title":{"rendered":"Q\u0259zet\u00e7iliyin yaranma tarixi v\u0259 milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131ndan 146 il \u00f6t\u00fcr. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck ki, bel\u0259 bir g\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u00fcnyada ilk m\u0259tbuat orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n yaranma tarixin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r yetirm\u0259k yerin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u2026\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 qeyd ed\u0259k ki, d\u00fcnyada \u0259n q\u0259dim k\u00fctl\u0259vi informasiya vasit\u0259si q\u0259zetdir. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lum olub ki, d\u00fcnyada ilk q\u0259zet bizim eradan \u0259vv\u0259l 59-cu ild\u0259 q\u0259dim Romada n\u0259\u015fr olunub. Bu, \u0259l il\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cRoma xalq\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u0259lik x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259ri\u201d (\u201cActa diurna populi Romani\u201d) adl\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131z v\u0259r\u0259q\u0259 idi. S\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n v\u0259r\u0259q\u0259l\u0259ri ictimai yerl\u0259rd\u0259n as\u0131rd\u0131lar ki, xalq oxusun. D\u00fcnyada \u0259l il\u0259 yaz\u0131lan ikinci g\u00fcnd\u0259lik q\u0259zet is\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 1300 il \u0259vv\u0259l q\u0259dim \u00c7ind\u0259 \u00e7ap olunub. H\u0259min n\u0259\u015frin ad\u0131n\u0131n \u201cPaytaxt yenilikl\u0259ri\u201d oldu\u011fu qeyd edilir. Q\u0259zetl\u0259rin m\u00fcasir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fc XVI \u0259srd\u0259 formala\u015f\u0131b. Ad\u0131n\u0131 \u201cgazzetta\u201d adl\u0131 x\u0131rda italiyan sikk\u0259sind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n \u201cq\u0259zet\u201d anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fc el\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 m\u0259i\u015f\u0259t\u0259 daxil olub. Q\u0259zet s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn haradan meydana g\u0259ldiyi bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif fikirl\u0259r m\u00f6vcud olsa da bu, s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0130taliyan\u0131n \u00a0x\u0131rda pul vahidi \u201cqaset\u201d il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ehtimal\u0131 \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck t\u0259\u015fkil edir. Bir dig\u0259r m\u0259nb\u0259d\u0259 is\u0259 bu ad\u0131n ki\u00e7ik \u0130taliya \u015firk\u0259tinin ad\u0131ndan g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. Hesab olunur ki, informasiyan\u0131n toplanmas\u0131 \u00fczr\u0259 ilk b\u00fcrolar v\u0259 \u201cx\u0259b\u0259r yazanlar\u201d pe\u015f\u0259si m\u0259hz bu \u015f\u0259h\u0259rd\u0259 yaran\u0131b.<\/p>\n<p>1657-ci ild\u0259 \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259d\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan q\u0259zetl\u0259rin birind\u0259 ilk reklam t\u0259klifi d\u0259rc olunub, tezlikl\u0259 II Karl sevimli itinin itm\u0259si bar\u0259d\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi elan yerl\u0259\u015fdirib, yar\u0131m \u0259sr sonra is\u0259 Daniel Defo h\u0259ft\u0259lik \u201cD\u00f6vl\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259rinin x\u00fclas\u0259si\u201d q\u0259zetini t\u0259sis etm\u0259kl\u0259, siyasi jurnalistikan\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 qoyub. Rusiyada is\u0259 ilk q\u0259zet \u201cKurant\u0131\u201d adlan\u0131b v\u0259 onun g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r saxlanm\u0131\u015f \u0259n q\u0259dim n\u00fcsx\u0259si 1621-ci il\u0259 aiddir. \u0130lk \u00e7ap q\u0259zeti is\u0259 birinci Pyotrun vaxt\u0131nda, 1702-ci ild\u0259 Rusiyada sat\u0131\u015fa \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131l\u0131b v\u0259 \u201cVedemosti\u201d adlan\u0131b. D\u00fcnyada m\u00fcnt\u0259z\u0259m n\u0259\u015fr edil\u0259n ilk q\u0259zet is\u0259 1609-cu ild\u0259 Almaniyada n\u0259\u015fr olunan \u201cZaytunq\u201d adl\u0131 m\u0259tbu orqand\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p>Az\u0259rbaycanda ilk m\u0259tbu orqan 1875-ci ild\u0259 H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabinin redaktorlu\u011fu il\u0259 \u00e7ap olunan \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetidir. Ayda iki d\u0259f\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunan q\u0259zet 300-400 tirajla \u00e7apdan \u00e7\u0131x\u0131rd\u0131. Q\u0259zetin n\u0259\u015fri b\u00fct\u00fcn Qafqazda geni\u015f \u0259ks-s\u0259da do\u011furdu. M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir ki, q\u0259zetin n\u0259\u015fri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi \u0130stanbuldan x\u00fcsusi \u0259r\u0259b m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259 \u015friftl\u0259ri g\u0259tizdirib v\u0259 xeyli \u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259n sonra 1875-ci ilin 22 iyulunda Bak\u0131da qubernator m\u0259tb\u0259\u0259sind\u0259 q\u0259zetin ilk n\u00f6mr\u0259sinin n\u0259\u015frin\u0259 nail olub. Yuxar\u0131da da qeyd etdiyimiz kimi, \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin n\u0259\u015fri il\u0259 h\u0259m d\u0259 milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131 qoyuldu. \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259 Moskvadan N\u0259c\u0259f b\u0259y V\u0259zirov v\u0259 \u018fsg\u0259r a\u011fa Gorani, \u015eamax\u0131dan Seyid \u018fzim \u015eirvani v\u0259 M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259dta\u011f\u0131 \u018flizad\u0259 \u015eirvani, D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n Heyd\u0259ri v\u0259 Tiflisd\u0259n Mirz\u0259 F\u0259t\u0259li Axundzad\u0259nin m\u0259qal\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r yaz\u0131lar\u0131 d\u0259rc olunub. M\u0259hz bu kimi m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rin k\u00f6m\u0259yi il\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 elm v\u0259 texnika, k\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t sah\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259ki yenilikl\u0259r\u0259 geni\u015f yer verilib.<\/p>\n<p>\u0130lk vaxtlar q\u0259zetin b\u00fct\u00fcn redaksiya hey\u0259ti bir adamdan ibar\u0259t olub. Bel\u0259 ki, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi h\u0259m na\u015fir, redaktor, h\u0259m d\u0259 korrektor v\u0259 m\u00fcr\u0259ttib olub. Xalq\u0131 c\u0259hal\u0259td\u0259n, fanatizmd\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131rmaq, onlara h\u00fcquqlar\u0131n\u0131 anlatmaq, xalq\u0131n savadlanmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259dil\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d \u0259v\u0259zsiz i\u015f g\u00f6rd\u00fc. \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d Bak\u0131da \u00e7ap olunsa da, tezlikl\u0259 \u00fcmumrusiya m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259zetin\u0259 \u00e7evrildi. Onu Da\u011f\u0131standa v\u0259 Volqaboyunda, M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya v\u0259 Sibird\u0259 d\u0259 oxuyurdular. H\u0259nif\u0259 xan\u0131m Abayeva \u00f6z xatir\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 geni\u015f co\u011frafiyaya toxunaraq yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cQ\u0259zet Rusiyadak\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131 yerind\u0259n t\u0259rp\u0259tmi\u015fdi. O, bir elektrik c\u0259r\u0259yan\u0131 kimi b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00fcs\u0259lman al\u0259minin i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259n ke\u00e7mi\u015fdi\u2026 Q\u0259zetin ilk abun\u0259\u00e7il\u0259ri, onu birincil\u0259r s\u0131ras\u0131nda salamlayanlar Omskdan, T\u00fcmend\u0259n, \u00c7istopoldan olan sibirlil\u0259r, Orenburq, Ufa, Volqaboyu tatarlar\u0131 idil\u0259r\u201d. \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin sora\u011f\u0131 Londona da gedib \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Bak\u0131ya g\u0259l\u0259n bir frans\u0131z m\u00fcxbiri is\u0259 H.Z\u0259rdabinin t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na q\u0259zet \u00e7ap etdiyini \u00f6yr\u0259nib onun ziyar\u0259tin\u0259 getmi\u015f v\u0259 demi\u015fdir: \u201cSiz h\u0259qiqi q\u0259hr\u0259mans\u0131n\u0131z. Bizd\u0259 bel\u0259 bir kas\u0131b q\u0259zetd\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 raz\u0131 olan bir n\u0259f\u0259r d\u0259 tap\u0131lmazd\u0131. Sizin enerjiniz\u0259 heyranam. G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, \u00f6z xalq\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00fcr\u0259kd\u0259n sevirsiniz\u201d.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin 1877-ci ild\u0259 n\u0259\u015fr olunan 20-ci say\u0131n\u0131n ilk s\u0259hif\u0259sind\u0259 bel\u0259 bir elan vard\u0131: \u201cBiz x\u0259st\u0259 oldu\u011fumuza g\u00f6r\u0259 ilin ax\u0131r\u0131nc\u0131 n\u00f6mr\u0259l\u0259ri \u00f6z vaxt\u0131nda \u00e7\u0131xmayacaq v\u0259 onlar\u0131n ha\u00e7an \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 m\u0259lum deyil\u201d. M\u0259hz bu elan\u0131n \u00e7ap olundu\u011fu saydan sonra \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d qapad\u0131ld\u0131. Burada az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131 \u0259haliy\u0259 d\u00fc\u015fm\u0259n m\u00fcnasib\u0259ti il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n yeni Bak\u0131 qubernatoru Ruzinin d\u0259 rolu vard\u0131. Q\u0259zetin 1875-ci ild\u0259 12, 1876-c\u0131 ild\u0259 24, 1877-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 20 say\u0131 i\u015f\u0131q \u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc ki, bu da c\u0259mi 56 say edir.<\/p>\n<p>M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir ki, H\u0259s\u0259n b\u0259y Z\u0259rdabi \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetinin v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti bar\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259s\u0259vv\u00fcr yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Avropa m\u0259tbuat\u0131, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Londonda \u00e7\u0131xan \u201cTayms\u201dla \u00f6z q\u0259zetini m\u00fcqayis\u0259 edib. B\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259dib yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cD\u00fcnyada h\u0259r q\u0259zeti be\u015f, ya on adam in\u015fa edir: onu \u00e7ap ed\u0259n, h\u0259rfl\u0259rini d\u00fcz\u0259n, q\u0259l\u0259tl\u0259rini d\u00fcz\u0259ld\u0259n ba\u015fqa k\u0259sl\u0259r olur. Amma bu i\u015fl\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 g\u0259r\u0259k m\u0259n \u00f6z\u00fcm g\u00f6r\u00fcm&#8230; Ey bizl\u0259r\u0259 diqq\u0259t ed\u0259nl\u0259r, bu q\u0259zetin k\u0259srini g\u00f6r\u0259nd\u0259 g\u00fclm\u0259yin. G\u00fclm\u0259k yeri deyil, siz a\u011flay\u0131n ki, biz m\u00fcs\u0259lman\u0131n birc\u0259 q\u0259zeti d\u0259 basd\u0131rma\u011fa (n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259y\u0259) adam\u0131 yoxdur\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131ndan 146 il \u00f6t\u00fcr. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck ki, bel\u0259 bir g\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u00fcnyada ilk m\u0259tbuat orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n yaranma tarixin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r yetirm\u0259k yerin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u2026\u00a0 \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 qeyd ed\u0259k ki, d\u00fcnyada \u0259n q\u0259dim k\u00fctl\u0259vi informasiya vasit\u0259si q\u0259zetdir. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lum olub ki, d\u00fcnyada ilk q\u0259zet bizim eradan \u0259vv\u0259l 59-cu ild\u0259 q\u0259dim Romada n\u0259\u015fr olunub. Bu, \u0259l il\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cRoma xalq\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnd\u0259lik x\u0259b\u0259rl\u0259ri\u201d (\u201cActa diurna populi Romani\u201d) adl\u0131 ka\u011f\u0131z v\u0259r\u0259q\u0259 idi. S\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n v\u0259r\u0259q\u0259l\u0259ri ictimai yerl\u0259rd\u0259n as\u0131rd\u0131lar ki, xalq oxusun. D\u00fcnyada \u0259l il\u0259 yaz\u0131lan ikinci g\u00fcnd\u0259lik q\u0259zet is\u0259 t\u0259xmin\u0259n 1300 il \u0259vv\u0259l q\u0259dim \u00c7ind\u0259 \u00e7ap olunub.&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":358168,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722.jpg",975,540,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722.jpg",975,540,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722.jpg",975,540,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722-500x280.jpg",500,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722-660x365.jpg",660,365,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722-840x465.jpg",640,354,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722.jpg",975,540,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722.jpg",975,540,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/e05e2327162653202397139711910504722.jpg",975,540,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?cat=26\" rel=\"category\">Sosial<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Az\u0259rbaycan milli m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n yaranmas\u0131ndan 146 il \u00f6t\u00fcr. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fck ki, bel\u0259 bir g\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u00fcnyada ilk m\u0259tbuat orqanlar\u0131n\u0131n yaranma tarixin\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259r yetirm\u0259k yerin\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u2026\u00a0 \u018fvv\u0259lc\u0259 qeyd ed\u0259k ki, d\u00fcnyada \u0259n q\u0259dim k\u00fctl\u0259vi informasiya vasit\u0259si q\u0259zetdir. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 m\u0259lum olub ki, d\u00fcnyada ilk q\u0259zet bizim eradan \u0259vv\u0259l 59-cu ild\u0259 q\u0259dim Romada n\u0259\u015fr olunub. Bu, \u0259l il\u0259 yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cRoma&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/358166"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=358166"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/358166\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/358168"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=358166"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=358166"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=358166"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}