{"id":488998,"date":"2022-06-25T07:46:32","date_gmt":"2022-06-25T04:46:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=488998"},"modified":"2022-06-25T07:46:32","modified_gmt":"2022-06-25T04:46:32","slug":"papirosum-yana-yana","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=488998","title":{"rendered":"Papirosum yana, yana…"},"content":{"rendered":"

Siqareti niy\u0259 t\u0259rgid\u0259 bilmirik?<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

H\u0259r bir \u015f\u00fcurlu insan – siqaret \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n d\u0259, \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259n d\u0259 onun z\u0259r\u0259rini bilir. Lakin bunu bil\u0259-bil\u0259 uzun ill\u0259r ondan \u0259l \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r olduqca \u00e7oxdur. Hans\u0131 “staj”l\u0131 siqaret\u00e7\u0259k\u0259nd\u0259n onu niy\u0259 t\u0259rgitm\u0259diyini soru\u015fanda dem\u0259k olar ki, ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n cavab\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n bel\u0259 olur: – \u0130rad\u0259m \u00e7atm\u0131r, ona g\u00f6r\u0259. Bel\u0259 m\u0259lum olur ki, siqaretin t\u0259rkibind\u0259ki nikotin onu \u00e7\u0259k\u0259nl\u0259ri \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn alud\u0259\u00e7isin\u0259 \u00e7evirir v\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131q yarad\u0131r. El\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131q ki, bir d\u0259f\u0259 istifad\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259r \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u0259rinin sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r bu pis v\u0259rdi\u015fd\u0259n yaxa qurtara bilmirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n

Siqaret s\u00f6z\u00fc frans\u0131z dilind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb v\u0259 onun q\u0259dim tarixi var. “Ciqarette” s\u00f6z\u00fc bizim dil\u0259 ki\u00e7ik siqar kimi t\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259 edilir. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, siqaret t\u00fct\u00fcnd\u0259n haz\u0131rlan\u0131r v\u0259 siqaretin yaranmas\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259rki d\u00f6vrd\u0259 insanlar t\u00fct\u00fcn, siqar v\u0259 papirosdan istifad\u0259 edibl\u0259r. Tarixd\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 siqaret\u0259 b\u0259nz\u0259r bir \u015fey haqq\u0131nda Amerika hindular\u0131 fikirl\u0259\u015fib. Bel\u0259 ki, onlar t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc samana, qam\u0131\u015fa v\u0259 yaxud da qar\u011f\u0131dal\u0131 yarpa\u011f\u0131na b\u00fck\u0259r\u0259k siqareti k\u0259\u015ff edibl\u0259r. Deyil\u0259n\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, 1492-ci ild\u0259 Xristofor Kolumb Karib d\u0259nizind\u0259ki bir adada siqaret \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n qoca bir hindu il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb. Bir \u00e7ox tarix\u00e7il\u0259r bel\u0259 hesab edir ki, Kolumbun qoca ki\u015fi il\u0259 g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fc adan\u0131n ad\u0131 Tabaqad\u0131r, y\u0259ni, bu s\u00f6z “tabak” (“t\u00fct\u00fcn”) s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn ilkin formas\u0131d\u0131r. Avropada is\u0259 bel\u0259 hesab edilir ki, siqaret k\u00fctl\u0259vi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 Kr\u0131m m\u00fcharib\u0259si d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 (1853-1856-c\u0131 ill\u0259r) yay\u0131l\u0131b. Tarix\u00e7il\u0259rin q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, o vaxt m\u00fcharib\u0259 zaman\u0131 rus v\u0259 t\u00fcrk \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259ri arada yaranm\u0131\u015f fasil\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 yaxa cibl\u0259rind\u0259 saxlad\u0131qlar\u0131 t\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fc bar\u0131t \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fcn\u0259 v\u0259 yaxud q\u0259zet par\u00e7as\u0131na b\u00fck\u00fcb siqaret kimi t\u00fcst\u00fcl\u0259dirmi\u015fl\u0259r. Bu ad\u0259ti sonradan Kr\u0131m m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259 t\u00fcrk \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259n ingilis v\u0259 amerikan ordular\u0131 da m\u0259nims\u0259mi\u015f, daha sonra \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259d\u0259 siqaretin k\u00fctl\u0259vi istehsal\u0131na ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Onu da dey\u0259k ki, ilk siqaret fabriki d\u0259 m\u0259hz Londonda a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Siqaretin s\u00fcr\u0259tli yay\u0131lmas\u0131 Amerikada 1880-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 siqaret istehsal ed\u0259n ma\u015f\u0131nlar yarad\u0131lmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olur v\u0259 art\u0131q bu sah\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck bir biznes sah\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilib.<\/p>\n

Siqaretl\u0259rin istehsal\u0131nda yeni n\u00f6v t\u00fct\u00fcnl\u0259rd\u0259n (m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, “A\u011f Berli”) istifad\u0259 olunurdu. Bu siqaretl\u0259r filtirsiz istehsal olunub v\u0259 papirosu xat\u0131rlad\u0131b.<\/p>\n

\u0130lk d\u0259f\u0259 asbest filtrli siqaretl\u0259r tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f “Kent” markas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u0130ngilt\u0259r\u0259d\u0259 istehsal olunub. Daha sonra t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k m\u00fcasir filtr n\u00f6vl\u0259ri yarad\u0131l\u0131b. Yeni filtrl\u0259r\u0259 mentol da \u0259lav\u0259 edil\u0259r\u0259k mentollu siqaretl\u0259rin istehsal\u0131na ba\u015flan\u0131l\u0131b.<\/p>\n

1847-ci ild\u0259 \u0259ll\u0259 b\u00fck\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f t\u00fcrk siqaretl\u0259rinin sat\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olan m\u0259\u015fhur \u201cPhilip Morris\u201d \u015firk\u0259tinin \u0259sas\u0131 qoyulub. \u015eirk\u0259t 1902-ci ild\u0259 Nyu-Yorkda \u00f6z n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259liyini yaratd\u0131qdan sonra marketinql\u0259 m\u0259\u015f\u011ful olmu\u015f v\u0259 \u201cMarlboro\u201d siqaretl\u0259rinin istehsal\u0131na ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Siqaretl\u0259r \u0259ks\u0259riyy\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n istifad\u0259 olunma\u011fa ba\u015flan\u0131l\u0131b v\u0259 1913-c\u00fc ild\u0259 R. Reynolds \u015firk\u0259ti “Camel” siqaretl\u0259rinin istehsal\u0131na ba\u015flay\u0131b.<\/p>\n

1920-ci ild\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq t\u0259kc\u0259 ki\u015fil\u0259r deyil, qad\u0131nlar da siqaret \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131bar. 1939-cu ild\u0259 \u201cAmerican Tobacco Company\u201d yeni marka \u2013 \u201cPall Mall\u201d siqaretl\u0259ri burax\u0131b v\u0259 bundan sonra AB\u015e-\u0131n \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u00fct\u00fcn \u015firk\u0259tin\u0259 \u00e7evrilib. Reynolds bundan sonra \u201cWinston\u201d filtrli yeni marka siqaretl\u0259rinin istehsal\u0131na ba\u015flay\u0131r.<\/p>\n

1940-1950-ci ill\u0259r siqaret t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131n\u0131n “q\u0131z\u0131l” ill\u0259ri hesab olunur.<\/p>\n

Aliml\u0259r insan beyninin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n n\u00f6qt\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 n\u00fcfuz etm\u0259kl\u0259 siqaret, alkoqol v\u0259 ya narkotik kimi z\u0259r\u0259rli v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259n xilas olma\u011f\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc a\u015fkara \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131blar.<\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqat\u0131n subyektl\u0259ri ill\u0259rdir siqaret \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n nikotin alud\u0259\u00e7il\u0259ri olub. Bu insanlar\u0131n beynind\u0259 apar\u0131lan ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar zaman\u0131 beynin bir-biril\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259li m\u00fcxt\u0259lif hiss\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 z\u0259d\u0259l\u0259nm\u0259l\u0259r a\u015fkar edilib. M\u00fct\u0259x\u0259ssisl\u0259r hesab edir ki, bu b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 apar\u0131lan d\u0259rin ara\u015fd\u0131rmalarla h\u0259r il d\u00fcnyada milyonlarla insan\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131na m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131qlar\u0131n m\u00fcalic\u0259si xeyli asanla\u015facaq.<\/p>\n

\u00dcmid edirik ki, zaman g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k, tibb elmind\u0259 z\u0259r\u0259rli v\u0259rdi\u015fl\u0259rin bird\u0259f\u0259lik yox edilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn tap\u0131nt\u0131lar v\u0259 ya k\u0259\u015ffl\u0259r edil\u0259c\u0259k, insanlar\u0131 qorxulu x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 d\u00fc\u00e7ar ed\u0259n, onlarda as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131q yaradan v\u0259 \u00f6mr\u00fcn\u00fc q\u0131saldan \u201cyaramaz\u201d\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc yox ed\u0259c\u0259kdir.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Siqareti niy\u0259 t\u0259rgid\u0259 bilmirik? H\u0259r bir \u015f\u00fcurlu insan – siqaret \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n d\u0259, \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259n d\u0259 onun z\u0259r\u0259rini bilir. Lakin bunu bil\u0259-bil\u0259 uzun ill\u0259r ondan \u0259l \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r olduqca \u00e7oxdur. Hans\u0131 “staj”l\u0131 siqaret\u00e7\u0259k\u0259nd\u0259n onu niy\u0259 t\u0259rgitm\u0259diyini soru\u015fanda dem\u0259k olar ki, ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n cavab\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n bel\u0259 olur: – \u0130rad\u0259m \u00e7atm\u0131r, ona g\u00f6r\u0259. Bel\u0259 m\u0259lum olur ki, siqaretin t\u0259rkibind\u0259ki nikotin onu \u00e7\u0259k\u0259nl\u0259ri \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn alud\u0259\u00e7isin\u0259 \u00e7evirir v\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131q yarad\u0131r. El\u0259 as\u0131l\u0131l\u0131q ki, bir d\u0259f\u0259 istifad\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259r \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u0259rinin sonuna q\u0259d\u0259r bu pis v\u0259rdi\u015fd\u0259n yaxa qurtara bilmirl\u0259r. Siqaret s\u00f6z\u00fc frans\u0131z dilind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcb v\u0259 onun q\u0259dim tarixi var. “Ciqarette” s\u00f6z\u00fc…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":488999,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855.jpg",975,540,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855.jpg",975,540,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855.jpg",975,540,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855-500x280.jpg",500,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855-660x365.jpg",660,365,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855-840x465.jpg",640,354,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855.jpg",975,540,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855.jpg",975,540,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/06\/e2db7186165608500555547854510296855.jpg",975,540,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"C\u0259miyy\u0259t<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Siqareti niy\u0259 t\u0259rgid\u0259 bilmirik? H\u0259r bir \u015f\u00fcurlu insan – siqaret \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n d\u0259, \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259n d\u0259 onun z\u0259r\u0259rini bilir. Lakin bunu bil\u0259-bil\u0259 uzun ill\u0259r ondan \u0259l \u00e7\u0259km\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r olduqca \u00e7oxdur. Hans\u0131 “staj”l\u0131 siqaret\u00e7\u0259k\u0259nd\u0259n onu niy\u0259 t\u0259rgitm\u0259diyini soru\u015fanda dem\u0259k olar ki, ham\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n cavab\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n bel\u0259 olur: – \u0130rad\u0259m \u00e7atm\u0131r, ona g\u00f6r\u0259. Bel\u0259 m\u0259lum olur ki, siqaretin t\u0259rkibind\u0259ki nikotin onu…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/488998"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=488998"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/488998\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/488999"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=488998"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=488998"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=488998"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}