Problem \u0259sal\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 v\u0259 ya problemin h\u0259lli akt\u0131 yeni \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 \u00fcsulu deyil. Tarix boyu Problemli T\u0259dris Strategiyas\u0131n\u0131n primitiv n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Aristoteld\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq, Sokrata q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan bir istifad\u0259 yolu diqq\u0259timizi \u00e7\u0259kir. Sokrat ilk \u00e7a\u011fda bu \u00fcsuldan \u0259n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 istifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n
Dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r g\u00fcn bir \u00e7ox problem h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131za d\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259sir edir. Bel\u0259 bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 bizim arzumuz problemin d\u0259rhal aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancaq bu ist\u0259k t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na kifay\u0259t etmir. B\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259 t\u0259rzimiz v\u0259 f\u0259rdi inki\u015faf\u0131m\u0131z probleml\u0259rin h\u0259lli n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259 son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 vacibdir.Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259, problemin h\u0259llini g\u0259tirdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259li zehni bacar\u0131qlar t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n
Probleml\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslanan \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259rd\u0259n birlikd\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rma\u011f\u0131, h\u0259ll yollar\u0131n\u0131 tapma\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 real d\u00fcnyadak\u0131 probleml\u0259ri daha d\u0259rind\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259yi t\u0259l\u0259b edir. Probleml\u0259ri m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259qiyy\u0259tl\u0259 h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlar bir ne\u00e7\u0259 f\u0259nl\u0259r aras\u0131nda \u0259laq\u0259 yaratmal\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xarmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlar\u0131 bir-birin\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 inteqrasiya etm\u0259lidirl\u0259r. B\u0259z\u0259n bu zaman \u015fagirdl\u0259rd\u0259 suallar qal\u0131r v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 \u00a0daha yax\u015f\u0131 h\u0259ll yollar\u0131 axtararaq ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar aparma\u011fa s\u00f6vq edir.<\/p>\n
Ger\u00e7\u0259k d\u00fcnyadak\u0131 problemin h\u0259lli \u015fagirdl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr, ara\u015fd\u0131rma, sosial ni\u015fan v\u0259 4C-yarad\u0131c\u0131l\u0131q, \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q, t\u0259nqidi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 v\u0259 \u00fcnsiyy\u0259t kimi vacib bacar\u0131qlar\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirir.<\/p>\n
Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 daha \u00e7ox \u015fagirdl\u0259r\u0259 t\u0259dqiqat, ara\u015fd\u0131rma v\u0259 m\u00fczakir\u0259 metodu v\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q \u00fcsulu il\u0259 pe\u015f\u0259 h\u0259yat\u0131nda yarana bil\u0259c\u0259k probleml\u0259rin \u00e7ox y\u00f6nl\u00fc h\u0259lli yollar\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259qdim etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n
M\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r \u015fagirdl\u0259r\u0259 f\u0259rqli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 perspektiv inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. \u00c7\u00fcnki problemin h\u0259lli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yarad\u0131c\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259 laz\u0131md\u0131r. Buraya s\u0131naq v\u0259fikir \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k, s\u0259b\u0259b-n\u0259tic\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259rini tapmaq kimi f\u0259aliyy\u0259tl\u0259r daxildir.<\/p>\n
Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259lim n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259si \u015fagird m\u0259rk\u0259zlidir. M\u00fc\u0259llim b\u0259l\u0259d\u00e7i kimi \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f edir.\u015eagirdd\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259li bacar\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirir.Bel\u0259likl\u0259, f\u0259rdl\u0259r\u0259 sosial bacar\u0131q v\u0259 m\u0259suliyy\u0259tl\u0259rini inki\u015faf etdirir.Bu is\u0259, real h\u0259yatda probleml\u0259rl\u0259 \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma\u011fa v\u0259 ya\u015fama\u011fa imkan verir.Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259lim n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim v\u0259 \u015fagird birlikd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
H\u0259m \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 m\u0259hsulu, h\u0259m d\u0259 proses vacibdir.Bu, induktiv v\u0259 deduktiv \u00fcsullardan birlikd\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir.Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00a0\u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259hsil proqram\u0131 \u00e7evik \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 haz\u0131rlan\u0131r.Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259d\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259r ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 v\u0259ziyy\u0259ti v\u0259 m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259ri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 k\u00f6m\u0259k al\u0131rlar. Daha sonra m\u00fcxt\u0259lif ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar apar\u0131r, bilikl\u0259rini b\u00f6l\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr v\u0259 h\u0259ll yollar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fczakir\u0259 edirl\u0259r. \u015eagirdl\u0259rin bir-birind\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llimd\u0259n ald\u0131qlar\u0131 r\u0259yl\u0259r v\u0259 izahatlar \u0259sas\u0131nda \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 prosesl\u0259ri daim n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irilir. Bu prosesl\u0259r \u015fagirdl\u0259rin problem h\u0259ll etm\u0259, motivasiya, \u00f6z-\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259, m\u00fcst\u0259qil \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 kimi bacar\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n inki\u015faf\u0131nda t\u0259sirli olur. \u015eagirdl\u0259r\u0259 \u00f6z probleml\u0259rini nec\u0259 yaratmaq, m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 harada v\u0259 nec\u0259 toplamaq v\u0259 onu nec\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumatlar verilir. Bu yana\u015fma \u015fagirdl\u0259rd\u0259 n\u0259yi v\u0259 n\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00f6yr\u0259ndikl\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda m\u0259lumat \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir v\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259r problem haqq\u0131nda bildikl\u0259rini ortaya qoyur v\u0259 sonra onlara hans\u0131 n\u00f6v m\u0259lumat laz\u0131m oldu\u011funu m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirirl\u0259r. Onlar yeni \u00f6yr\u0259ndikl\u0259ri m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 \u00f6z qruplar\u0131na \u00e7atd\u0131raraq m\u00fczakir\u0259 edir v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 yeni ara\u015fd\u0131rmalara m\u00fcraci\u0259t edirl\u0259r. Bu v\u0259ziyy\u0259t \u015fagirdl\u0259rd\u0259 probleml\u0259rin h\u0259lli yollar\u0131n\u0131 tapana q\u0259d\u0259r davam edir. \u018fg\u0259r \u015fagirdl\u0259r\u0259, d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259tbiq olunarsa, aktiv \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259nin \u201cn\u0259zar\u0259t olunan\u201d \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi \u0259n uy\u011fun \u00fcsuldur. Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259d\u0259 \u0259sas t\u0259hsil avadanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 real h\u0259yatla uy\u011funla\u015fan probleml\u0259rin meydana \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201ckonstruksiya edilmi\u015f hadis\u0259l\u0259r\u201d adland\u0131raca\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u201cssenaril\u0259r\u201dd\u0259n ibar\u0259tdir. Ssenaril\u0259r t\u0259lim prosesind\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131ya qoyulan m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259r\u0259 \u0259saslan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259d\u0259Modelin t\u0259tbiq olundu\u011fu sinifl\u0259rd\u0259 \u015fagirdl\u0259r t\u0259dric\u0259n v\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259<\/p>\n
onlar \u00f6z t\u0259hsill\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259suliyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rlar v\u0259 \u00f6m\u00fcr boyu \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259 davam ed\u0259n m\u00fcst\u0259qil f\u0259rdl\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7evrilirl\u0259r. \u018fn\u0259n\u0259vi bilikl\u0259rin \u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si rolu \u0259v\u0259zin\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim \u015fagirdl\u0259rl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ql\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259d\u0259 olur v\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259k, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn prosesi asanla\u015fd\u0131rmaq v\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259ri h\u0259v\u0259sl\u0259ndirm\u0259krolunu icra edir.H\u0259m d\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim strategiyan\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 laz\u0131m olan problemin real h\u0259yatdan se\u00e7ilm\u0259sin\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirm\u0259lidir.Problemli t\u0259lim strategiyas\u0131 t\u0259drisin, \u015fagird davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259n biridir. \u015eagirdl\u0259r \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcfi bir qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fmadan \u00e7ox planl\u0131 bir qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fma olan probleml\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rlar. Eyni zamanda problemli situasiyan\u0131n tez-tez d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259si t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 yeni inki\u015faflar\u0131 d\u00f6n\u0259-d\u00f6n\u0259 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irm\u0259y\u0259, \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259y\u0259, bilikl\u0259rini yenil\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir.<\/p>\n
Problemli \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259nin \u0259sas prinsipl\u0259rini a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 kimi \u00fcmumil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k olar;<\/p>\n
tam icaz\u0259 verilir.<\/p>\n
laz\u0131m g\u0259lir.<\/p>\n
F\u0259rdl\u0259r probleml\u0259ri h\u0259ll ed\u0259rk\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259ndikl\u0259ri h\u0259ll yollar\u0131n\u0131 uzunm\u00fcdd\u0259tli yadda\u015flar\u0131nda saxlay\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n
H\u0259ll etdikl\u0259ri probleml\u0259ri bir model kimi q\u0259bul edir v\u0259 ox\u015far v\u0259ziyy\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131qda bu model\u0259 uy\u011fun h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t edir.\u015eagirdl\u0259rin \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ed\u0259r\u0259k v\u0259 ya\u015fayaraq \u00f6yr\u0259ndiyini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq, \u0259ld\u0259 edil\u0259n m\u0259lumatlardan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 vacibdir. H\u0259m bir i\u015f g\u00f6rm\u0259k, h\u0259m d\u0259 onu h\u0259yat prosesind\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k biliyin davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259min ed\u0259n \u0259sas amill\u0259rd\u0259ndir. \u018fslind\u0259 insanlar oxuduqlar\u0131n\u0131n 10%-ni, e\u015fitdikl\u0259rinin 20%-ni, g\u00f6rd\u00fckl\u0259rinin 30%-ni, g\u00f6rd\u00fckl\u0259rinin v\u0259 e\u015fitdikl\u0259rinin 50%-ni, g\u00f6rd\u00fckl\u0259rinin-e\u015fitdikl\u0259rinin 80%-ni xat\u0131rlay\u0131rlar. G\u00f6rd\u00fckl\u0259rinin-e\u015fitdikl\u0259rinin-toxunduqlar\u0131n\u0131n-90%-i deyirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n
Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259dris strategiyas\u0131 t\u0259lim-t\u0259dris prosesind\u0259 yeni paradiqman\u0131 t\u0259msil edir. Bu strategiyada \u015fagird m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b v\u0259ziyy\u0259t v\u0259 ya hadis\u0259 il\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fir. \u018fsas odur ki, \u015fagirdl\u0259r bu problemin f\u0259rqind\u0259 olsunlar v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 m\u0259suliyy\u0259t da\u015f\u0131s\u0131nlar. M\u0259suliyy\u0259t v\u0259 sahiblik tam \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259rs\u0259, t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r real h\u0259ll yolu tapmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn vasit\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 \u0259l at\u0131rlar. M\u00fc\u0259llimin strategiyan\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 etm\u0259li oldu\u011fu m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 real h\u0259yatdan problemin se\u00e7ilm\u0259sin\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirm\u0259lidir. Torp v\u0259 Sage-\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201cProblem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259, m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b v\u0259 real h\u0259yat probleml\u0259rinin t\u0259dqiqi v\u0259 h\u0259lli \u0259traf\u0131nda t\u0259\u015fkil edilmi\u015f, h\u0259m a\u011f\u0131l, h\u0259m d\u0259 bacar\u0131q bax\u0131m\u0131ndan f\u0259rdl\u0259rin f\u0259al i\u015ftirak\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259y\u0259 \u0259saslanan \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259ni t\u0259msil edir\u201d<\/p>\n
Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259dris strategiyas\u0131, t\u0259drisin m\u0259qs\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259n tutmu\u015f \u015fagird davran\u0131\u015f\u0131na, istifad\u0259 olunacaq metod v\u0259 texnikadan, apar\u0131lacaq \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259 v\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 prosesl\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r problemi m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n bir yana\u015fmad\u0131r. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n bel\u0259 bir yana\u015fmada m\u0259qs\u0259d v\u0259 davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 prioritet olaraq m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n etm\u0259k laz\u0131md\u0131r. Bu q\u0259rar verildikd\u0259n sonra problemin h\u0259llind\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunacaq \u00fcsul v\u0259 \u00fcsullar\u0131n m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259si laz\u0131md\u0131r.<\/p>\n
T\u0259hsil v\u0259 t\u0259limd\u0259 f\u0259rdi ehtiyaclar \u00f6n plana \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, modell\u0259r v\u0259 strategiyalar da \u00f6yr\u0259n\u0259n m\u0259rk\u0259zli olma\u011fa ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u00d6yr\u0259n\u0259nin ehtiyaclar\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n ed\u0259rk\u0259n onun m\u00fchitini, maraqlar\u0131n\u0131, g\u00f6zl\u0259ntil\u0259rini v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yini n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq q\u0259rar verir. \u00d6yr\u0259ndikl\u0259rini \u015f\u0259xsi h\u0259yat\u0131nda m\u0259na k\u0259sb etm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur edir. Bu bax\u0131mdan b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u0259dris modeli-n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259-strategiyalar\u0131 real d\u00fcnya il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259 yaratmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn b\u00fct\u00fcn vasit\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n istifad\u0259 edirl\u0259r. B\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 real h\u0259yatla \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 \u0259laq\u0259ni yaradan problem \u0259sasl\u0131 t\u0259dris strategiyas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Formal t\u0259hsilin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck probleml\u0259rind\u0259n biri motivasiyan\u0131n olmamas\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r bu problemi h\u0259ll etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u0259r c\u00fcr \u00fcsul v\u0259 \u00fcsullardan istifad\u0259 edirl\u0259r. Lakin problemli t\u0259dris strategiyas\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131qda problem keyfiyy\u0259tli \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 haz\u0131rlanarsa, motivasiyan\u0131n \u00f6z-\u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 g\u0259ldiyi m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunacaq. O zaman bu strategiya motivasiyan\u0131 \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 realla\u015fd\u0131ran strategiyalardan biridir. Problemli \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 qabaqc\u0131l s\u0259viyy\u0259d\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. M\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259b bir m\u00f6vzu \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 edil\u0259n s\u0259yl\u0259r f\u0259rd\u0259 aktiv \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 kimi qay\u0131d\u0131r.Problemli \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259nin \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm c\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259n biri onun g\u00fcnd\u0259lik h\u0259yat v\u0259 real h\u0259yatla \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirilm\u0259sidir. Real h\u0259yat probleml\u0259rinin h\u0259lli bu strategiyan\u0131 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131rmaqla asanl\u0131qla h\u0259ll edil\u0259 bil\u0259r. Bu bax\u0131mdan bizim strategiyam\u0131z ondan ibar\u0259tdir ki, \u015fagirdl\u0259r davaml\u0131 olaraq \u201cM\u00fc\u0259llim, bu biz\u0259 n\u0259 ver\u0259c\u0259k?\u201d sual\u0131na da cavab verir. T\u0259l\u0259b\u0259l\u0259r bu sual\u0131 ver\u0259rk\u0259n \u0259slind\u0259 eyham vururlar. Deyirl\u0259r ki, s\u0259nin \u00f6yr\u0259tdikl\u0259rin h\u0259yatda biz\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k etmir, k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xanda niy\u0259 onlar\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nirik? Lakin problemli \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bel\u0259 bir t\u0259nqid m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Problemli t\u0259lim h\u0259m problemin h\u0259llini \u00f6yr\u0259dir, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259tinin nec\u0259 ba\u015f verdiyini \u00f6yr\u0259dir.Problemli \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 f\u0259rdin q\u0259rar verm\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259tini t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirir. H\u0259m d\u0259 onun q\u0259rars\u0131zl\u0131q v\u0259 utancaql\u0131qdan qurtulmas\u0131na k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259r\u0259k f\u0259rdi inki\u015fafa k\u00f6m\u0259k edir. Q\u0259rar verm\u0259 m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 etdiyi prosesl\u0259r say\u0259sind\u0259 t\u0259nqidi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnc\u0259ni d\u0259 t\u0259kmill\u0259\u015fdirir. Qrup daxilind\u0259 problemin h\u0259lli prosesind\u0259 \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131q v\u0259 h\u0259mr\u0259ylik \u00f6yr\u0259nilir. Qrupda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc ifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u015fagird t\u0259klifl\u0259r verm\u0259k, f\u0259rziyy\u0259l\u0259r qurmaq v\u0259 onlar\u0131 c\u0259sar\u0259tl\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259k \u015fans\u0131 qazan\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 T\u0259dris Strategiyas\u0131n\u0131n m\u0259hdudiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri n\u0259l\u0259rdir?<\/p>\n
Bu strategiyada \u0259n m\u00fch\u00fcm problem problemin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259nl\u0259\u015fdirilm\u0259sidir. Problemin a\u015fkarlanmas\u0131 n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259 olan amill\u0259r problemin d\u00fczg\u00fcn ba\u015f verm\u0259sinin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ala bil\u0259r. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, problemi bird\u0259n \u00e7ox \u015f\u0259xs, qurum v\u0259 ya qrup haz\u0131rlay\u0131rsa, bu, \u0259m\u0259kda\u015fl\u0131\u011fa mane ola bil\u0259r.Formal t\u0259hsil v\u0259 t\u0259limd\u0259 bel\u0259 bir strategiyadan istifad\u0259 uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259 bil\u0259r. Uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259nin s\u0131x\u0131lmas\u0131na v\u0259 ya yorulmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r.B\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00f6vzularda m\u00fcraci\u0259t etm\u0259k \u00e7\u0259tindir. Sosial probleml\u0259rin d\u0259y\u0259rini v\u0259 ya m\u00f6vzu sah\u0259sini tam d\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259n \u015fagirdl\u0259rl\u0259 bu strategiyadan istifad\u0259 s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259siz olur. \u00a0M\u00fc\u0259llim sinfi idar\u0259 etm\u0259kd\u0259 qeyri-kafi ola bil\u0259r. Bu, problemin h\u0259llind\u0259n daha da m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sin\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olacaq.Bu strategiyadan istifad\u0259 zaman\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259ni qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259k olduqca \u00e7\u0259tindir. Problem\u0259 g\u0259tiril\u0259c\u0259k h\u0259ll t\u0259klifl\u0259rinin m\u00fcqayis\u0259si m\u00fc\u0259llimi \u00e7\u0259tin v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 qoya bil\u0259r. Bird\u0259n \u00e7ox h\u0259lli olan probleml\u0259rin \u0259n d\u00fczg\u00fcn h\u0259llinin m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edilm\u0259si \u015fagird motivasiyas\u0131na m\u0259nfi t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rir.\u015eagirdl\u0259rin \u00a0bu strategiya zaman\u0131 istifad\u0259 olunacaq materiallar\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259si dem\u0259k olar ki, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. Bu, h\u0259m d\u0259 a\u011f\u0131r maliyy\u0259 y\u00fck\u00fc yarada bil\u0259r.Plandan icraya q\u0259d\u0259r problem m\u0259rk\u0259zli h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilir, eyni zamanda bu prosesin h\u0259r m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sind\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259 var.Problemli t\u0259dris strategiyas\u0131 f\u0259nl\u0259raras\u0131 yana\u015fman\u0131n \u0259n g\u00f6z\u0259l t\u0259tbiq oluna bildiyi \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 \u00fcsuludur. N\u00fcmun\u0259 olaraq Biologiya d\u0259rsl\u0259rind\u0259 istifad\u0259 ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yimiz metodu qeyd etm\u0259k ist\u0259yir\u0259m:M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, X sinifd\u0259 \u00dcmumi biologiya kursunun t\u0259drisi zaman\u0131 \u201cEkologiya\u201d m\u00f6vzusu ke\u00e7ildikd\u0259, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 problemli situasiya v\u0259 problem sual\u0131 se\u00e7m\u0259k olar.<\/p>\n
Problem: \u201c\u018ftraf m\u00fchitin \u00e7irkl\u0259nm\u0259si\u201d.<\/p>\n
M\u0259qs\u0259d: \u015eagirdl\u0259rin diqq\u0259tini \u0259traf m\u00fchitin qorunmas\u0131 probleminin z\u0259ruriliyin\u0259 c\u0259lb etm\u0259k.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Problem situasiya: atom bombas\u0131n\u0131n partlay\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 \u0259ks etdir\u0259n kinofraqmentin g\u00f6st\u0259rilm\u0259si.<\/p>\n
Problemli sual: Atom bombas\u0131n\u0131n partlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 Yer \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 hans\u0131 probleml\u0259rin yaranmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b ola bil\u0259r? Bu zaman insanlar\u0131n \u0259traf m\u00fch\u00fcy\u00fc qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ed\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259ri i\u015fl\u0259r hans\u0131lard\u0131r?<\/p>\n
Sonra problemin h\u0259lli \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259dqiqat i\u015fi t\u0259\u015fkil olunur.<\/p>\n
IX sinifd\u0259 \u201c\u0130nsan anatomiyas\u0131\u201d kursunun t\u0259drisi zaman\u0131: \u201cS\u0131n\u0131q v\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131qlar zaman\u0131 nec\u0259 m\u00fcdaxil\u0259 eym\u0259liyik?\u201d problemi \u0259traf\u0131nda d\u0259rsi yuxar\u0131dak\u0131 sxem \u00fczr\u0259 qurmaq olar.<\/p>\n
Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 d\u0259rsl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00fc\u0259llim ara\u015fd\u0131rma v\u0259 intellektual inki\u015fafa k\u00f6m\u0259k ed\u0259n strukturlardan istifad\u0259 edir. D\u0259rsd\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn fikir m\u00fcbadil\u0259sinin ba\u015f ver\u0259 bil\u0259c\u0259yi sinif \u015f\u0259raitini yaratd\u0131qda, problem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259ni h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
M\u00fc\u0259llim t\u0259dris prosesind\u0259 tez-tez bel\u0259 bir probleml\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fir. D\u0259rsd\u0259 sor\u011fu v\u0259 m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirm\u0259 zaman\u0131 istifad\u0259 olunan suallar ad\u0259t\u0259n eyni t\u0259rzd\u0259 qurulur v\u0259 \u00e7ox vaxt \u015fagird\u0259 m\u0259lum olan informasiyan\u0131 mexaniki yada salman\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutur. Bel\u0259 tipli suallar \u015fagirdl\u0259rin mexaniki yadda\u015f\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirir. \u018fslind\u0259 suallar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fc, inki\u015fafetdirici olmal\u0131d\u0131r v\u0259 idrak prosesinin b\u00fct\u00fcn diapozonunu n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alaraq t\u0259rtib edilm\u0259lidir. \u015eagirdl\u0259rd\u0259 t\u0259f\u0259kk\u00fcr\u00fc inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k \u00e7ox vacib bir m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir v\u0259 suallar\u0131n d\u00fczq\u00fcn qoyulu\u015fu bunu t\u0259min etm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n
\u015eagirdl\u0259rin real h\u0259yat probleml\u0259rinin h\u0259llind\u0259 ver\u0259c\u0259kl\u0259ri d\u00fczg\u00fcn q\u0259rar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 biz m\u00fc\u0259lliml\u0259r qoya bil\u0259rik!<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 S.C.Pi\u015f\u0259v\u0259ri ad\u0131na RHFG-n\u0131n direktor m\u00fcavini:Vahabzad\u0259 G\u00fcnel<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Problem \u0259sal\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 v\u0259 ya problemin h\u0259lli akt\u0131 yeni \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 \u00fcsulu deyil. Tarix boyu Problemli T\u0259dris Strategiyas\u0131n\u0131n primitiv n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Aristoteld\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq, Sokrata q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan bir istifad\u0259 yolu diqq\u0259timizi \u00e7\u0259kir. Sokrat ilk \u00e7a\u011fda bu \u00fcsuldan \u0259n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 istifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r g\u00fcn bir \u00e7ox problem h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131za d\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259sir edir. Bel\u0259 bir v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 bizim arzumuz problemin d\u0259rhal aradan qald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Ancaq bu ist\u0259k t\u0259kba\u015f\u0131na kifay\u0259t etmir. B\u00f6y\u00fcm\u0259 t\u0259rzimiz v\u0259 f\u0259rdi inki\u015faf\u0131m\u0131z probleml\u0259rin h\u0259lli n\u00f6qt\u0259sind\u0259 son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 vacibdir.Problem \u0259sasl\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259, problemin h\u0259llini g\u0259tirdiyi \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn y\u00fcks\u0259k s\u0259viyy\u0259li zehni bacar\u0131qlar t\u0259l\u0259b…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":522385,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[14],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29.jpg",425,347,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29.jpg",425,347,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29.jpg",425,347,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29-425x280.jpg",425,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29.jpg",425,347,false],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29.jpg",425,347,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29.jpg",425,347,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29.jpg",425,347,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/35d0f790-f7f7-4a39-af05-8c456350ae29.jpg",425,347,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"T\u0259hsil Mill\u0259tin G\u0259l\u0259c\u0259yidir<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Problem \u0259sal\u0131 \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 v\u0259 ya problemin h\u0259lli akt\u0131 yeni \u00f6yr\u0259nm\u0259 \u00fcsulu deyil. Tarix boyu Problemli T\u0259dris Strategiyas\u0131n\u0131n primitiv n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rini g\u00f6rm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Aristoteld\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq, Sokrata q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan bir istifad\u0259 yolu diqq\u0259timizi \u00e7\u0259kir. Sokrat ilk \u00e7a\u011fda bu \u00fcsuldan \u0259n s\u0259m\u0259r\u0259li \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 istifad\u0259 etmi\u015fdir. Dem\u0259k olar ki, h\u0259r g\u00fcn bir \u00e7ox problem h\u0259yat\u0131m\u0131za d\u0259rind\u0259n t\u0259sir edir. Bel\u0259 bir…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522384"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=522384"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/522384\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/522385"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=522384"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=522384"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=522384"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}