{"id":565597,"date":"2023-02-16T08:26:07","date_gmt":"2023-02-16T05:26:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=565597"},"modified":"2023-02-16T08:26:07","modified_gmt":"2023-02-16T05:26:07","slug":"b%c9%99s%c9%99r-tarixinin-%c9%99n-taninmis-h%c9%99kiml%c9%99ri-kiml%c9%99rdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=565597","title":{"rendered":"B\u0259\u015f\u0259r tarixinin \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f h\u0259kiml\u0259ri kiml\u0259rdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em>H\u0259kimlik \u0259n \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. H\u0259kim adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 tarixin q\u0259dim m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n etibar\u0259n formala\u015fmaqdayd\u0131. B\u0259s, maraql\u0131d\u0131r, tarixin \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f h\u0259kiml\u0259ri kiml\u0259rdir?<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Hippokrat<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u201cT\u0259bab\u0259tin atas\u0131\u201dadland\u0131r\u0131lan Hippokrat \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f q\u0259dim yunan h\u0259kimi olmu\u015fdur. O, h\u0259m d\u0259 t\u0259bab\u0259td\u0259 \u0259xlaq m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 toxunaraq h\u0259r bir h\u0259kimin davran\u0131\u015f qaydalar\u0131na diqq\u0259t yetirirdi. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201cHippokrat\u0131n and\u0131\u201dnda h\u0259r bir h\u0259kimin riay\u0259t ed\u0259c\u0259yi \u0259xlaqi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Hippokrat art\u0131q \u00e7\u0259kini ist\u0259nil\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259liyin m\u0259nb\u0259yi hesab edirdi v\u0259\u00a0 ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 istisnas\u0131z b\u00fct\u00fcn x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 acl\u0131q p\u0259hrizini m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc. Aloye Hippokrat\u0131n sevimli bitkisi idi. B\u0259zi x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin t\u0259rifini ilk d\u0259f\u0259 m\u0259hz \u00a0Hippokrat vermi\u015fdi. \u00a0Bu, \u201cx\u0259st\u0259 barmaqlar\u201d x\u0259st\u0259liyi idi.\u00a0 Dig\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rd\u0259n \u201ca\u011fciy\u0259r x\u0259r\u00e7\u0259ngi\u201d, \u201ca\u011fciy\u0259r iltihab\u0131\u201d, \u201csiyanotik \u00fcr\u0259k x\u0259st\u0259liyi\u201d v\u0259 s. idil\u0259r.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>\u0130bn Sina<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>\u0130bn Sina Yax\u0131n v\u0259 Orta \u015e\u0259rqin m\u0259\u015fhur t\u0259bibidir.. \u0130bn Sinan\u0131n yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201cT\u0259bab\u0259t elminin qanunu\u201d kitab\u0131 Avropa tibb m\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259rind\u0259 uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t yegan\u0259 tibb d\u0259rsliyi kimi t\u0259dris olunur. Bu kitabda insan anatomiyas\u0131ndan tutmu\u015f bir \u00e7ox x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r, s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri, m\u00fcalic\u0259 v\u0259 profilaktikas\u0131, h\u0259m\u00e7inin daxili x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r, g\u00f6z v\u0259 d\u0259ri, u\u015faq x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259ri, c\u0259rrahi metodlar, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259tl\u0259r verilib. X\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin etimologiyas\u0131na aid bilikl\u0259rin, insan\u0131n naturas\u0131na, h\u0259yat t\u0259rzin\u0259 uy\u011fun x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259r\u0259 yoluxmas\u0131 hallar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 izahat\u0131, onun tibb al\u0259mind\u0259 bu g\u00fcn\u0259d\u0259k t\u0259tbiq olunmas\u0131 \u0130bn Sinan\u0131n t\u0259bab\u0259t\u0259 verdiyi \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck t\u00f6hf\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259ndir. O yaz\u0131rd\u0131 ki, insan \u00f6z sa\u011flaml\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qorumaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcxt\u0259lif faktorlara uy\u011funla\u015fmal\u0131d\u0131r:<\/p>\n<p><em>D\u00fczg\u00fcn qidalanmal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nGeyimin\u0259 fikir verm\u0259lidir.<br \/>\nBurun vasit\u0259sil\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn n\u0259f\u0259s almal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nB\u0259d\u0259n qurulu\u015funu h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 d\u00fczg\u00fcn formada saxlamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nXasiyy\u0259tini tarazlamal\u0131d\u0131r.<br \/>\nB\u0259d\u0259nini \u201claz\u0131ms\u0131z tullant\u0131lardan\u201d t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259lidir.<br \/>\nFiziki v\u0259 \u0259qli aktivliyin\u0259 diqq\u0259t yetirm\u0259lidir.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Qalen<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Qalen d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn m\u0259\u015fhur h\u0259kimi kimi tan\u0131n\u0131b. Qalen Roma \u0259silzad\u0259l\u0259rini m\u00fcalic\u0259 edib v\u0259 imperator Mark Avrelinin saray h\u0259kimi kimi u\u011fur qazan\u0131b. Qalen bir \u00e7ox x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin t\u0259snifat\u0131n\u0131 verib, onlar\u0131n m\u00fcalic\u0259 yollar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131b, t\u0259bab\u0259t v\u0259 anatomiya \u00fczr\u0259 \u00e7oxlu bilgil\u0259r \u0259ld\u0259 edib. Onlardan Avropa t\u0259bibl\u0259ri 1300 il faydalan\u0131blar. O, h\u0259m\u00e7inin farmakologiya elminin \u0259saslar\u0131n\u0131 qoyub. Qalenin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259ri m\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00fcnyas\u0131nda t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapm\u0131\u015f t\u0259bab\u0259t elminin d\u0259 inki\u015faf\u0131nda \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli rol oynay\u0131b.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Robert Kox<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Bu m\u0259\u015fhur h\u0259kim infeksion x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin m\u00fcalic\u0259si \u00fczr\u0259 xeyli t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 toplay\u0131b. X\u00fcsusil\u0259 d\u0259 v\u0259ba x\u0259st\u0259liyi il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259d\u0259 bir s\u0131ra m\u00fch\u00fcm elmi yenilikl\u0259r \u0259ld\u0259 edib. O, Vol\u015fteyn \u015f\u0259h\u0259r x\u0259st\u0259xanas\u0131nda h\u0259kim kimi f\u0259aliyy\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259rk\u0259n Sibir xoras\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcalic\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 xeyli elmi-t\u0259cr\u00fcbi eksperimentl\u0259r apar\u0131b. Bu x\u0259st\u0259liyin iribuynuzlu mal-qara aras\u0131nda yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 a\u015fkarlay\u0131b, n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 a\u011fciy\u0259rin k\u0259skin formada iltihab ke\u00e7irdiyi q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259lib.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPatogen orqanizml\u0259rin \u00f6yr\u0259nilm\u0259 metodlar\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 elmi i\u015f n\u0259\u015fr etdirib. Bu \u0259s\u0259rd\u0259 bakteriyalar\u0131n yeti\u015fdirilm\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bir s\u0131ra yeni elmi \u00fcsullar t\u0259qdim olunub. 1882-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 o, v\u0259r\u0259m x\u0259st\u0259liyini t\u00f6r\u0259d\u0259n bakteriyan\u0131 (v\u0259r\u0259m \u00e7\u00f6p\u00fcn\u00fc) a\u015fkar edib. Kox v\u0259r\u0259min m\u00fcalic\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 t\u0259dqiqatlar\u0131n\u0131 davam etdirib, bel\u0259likl\u0259, tuberkulin adl\u0131 yeni madd\u0259 a\u015fkarlay\u0131b. Bu madd\u0259 v\u0259r\u0259m mikroblar\u0131ndan al\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 v\u0259r\u0259m x\u0259st\u0259liyinin m\u00fcalic\u0259sind\u0259 istifad\u0259 zaman\u0131 m\u00fcsb\u0259t n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 g\u0259tirib \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Lui Paster<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>O, quduzlu\u011fa qar\u015f\u0131 vaksin k\u0259\u015ff edib v\u0259 bakteriyalar\u0131n bu x\u0259st\u0259liyi nec\u0259 meydana g\u0259tirdiyinin izah\u0131n\u0131 verib. Pasterin x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Pyer Roksla apard\u0131\u011f\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 peyv\u0259nd haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Paster bu \u00fcsulu ilk olaraq dov\u015fanlar \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 s\u0131nam\u0131\u015fd\u0131. Daha sonra peyv\u0259ndin quduzluq x\u0259st\u0259liyin\u0259 t\u0259sirini ara\u015fd\u0131rmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 11 itl\u0259 s\u0131naq ke\u00e7irdi. 6 iyul 1885-ci ild\u0259 quduz bir it t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n di\u015fl\u0259nil\u0259n 9 ya\u015fl\u0131 Cozef Meister\u0259 quduz peyv\u0259ndi t\u0259tbiq ed\u0259r\u0259k onu sa\u011faltd\u0131.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Ceyns Parkinson<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Sinir sistemi x\u0259st\u0259liyini d\u00fcnyaya tan\u0131td\u0131rmaqla tarix\u0259 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcb. Parkinson x\u0259st\u0259liyind\u0259n \u0259ziyy\u0259t \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n insanlar\u0131n \u201czehni poz\u011funluq\u201d kimi hallar\u0131n 50-60 ya\u015f\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 x\u0259st\u0259n\u0131n \u0259z\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin s\u0259rtliyi s\u0259b\u0259bind\u0259n \u00fcmumi bir yava\u015flama ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ortaya qoyub. K\u0259\u015ff etdiyi sinir x\u0259st\u0259liyi m\u0259hz onun ad\u0131 il\u0259 elmd\u0259 Parkinson x\u0259st\u0259liyi kimi tan\u0131n\u0131b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>H\u0259kimlik \u0259n \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. H\u0259kim adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 tarixin q\u0259dim m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n etibar\u0259n formala\u015fmaqdayd\u0131. B\u0259s, maraql\u0131d\u0131r, tarixin \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f h\u0259kiml\u0259ri kiml\u0259rdir? Hippokrat \u201cT\u0259bab\u0259tin atas\u0131\u201dadland\u0131r\u0131lan Hippokrat \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f q\u0259dim yunan h\u0259kimi olmu\u015fdur. O, h\u0259m d\u0259 t\u0259bab\u0259td\u0259 \u0259xlaq m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 toxunaraq h\u0259r bir h\u0259kimin davran\u0131\u015f qaydalar\u0131na diqq\u0259t yetirirdi. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201cHippokrat\u0131n and\u0131\u201dnda h\u0259r bir h\u0259kimin riay\u0259t ed\u0259c\u0259yi \u0259xlaqi m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259r \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Hippokrat art\u0131q \u00e7\u0259kini ist\u0259nil\u0259n x\u0259st\u0259liyin m\u0259nb\u0259yi hesab edirdi v\u0259\u00a0 ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 istisnas\u0131z b\u00fct\u00fcn x\u0259st\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 acl\u0131q p\u0259hrizini m\u0259sl\u0259h\u0259t g\u00f6r\u00fcrd\u00fc. Aloye Hippokrat\u0131n sevimli bitkisi idi. B\u0259zi x\u0259st\u0259likl\u0259rin t\u0259rifini ilk d\u0259f\u0259 m\u0259hz \u00a0Hippokrat&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":565598,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347.jpg",975,540,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347.jpg",975,540,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347.jpg",975,540,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347-500x280.jpg",500,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347-660x365.jpg",660,365,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347-840x465.jpg",640,354,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347.jpg",975,540,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347.jpg",975,540,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/84562f43167646909822361790010889347.jpg",975,540,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"<a href=\"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?cat=24\" rel=\"category\">Maraql\u0131<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"H\u0259kimlik \u0259n \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli pe\u015f\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biridir. H\u0259kim adland\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 tarixin q\u0259dim m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n etibar\u0259n formala\u015fmaqdayd\u0131. B\u0259s, maraql\u0131d\u0131r, tarixin \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f h\u0259kiml\u0259ri kiml\u0259rdir? Hippokrat \u201cT\u0259bab\u0259tin atas\u0131\u201dadland\u0131r\u0131lan Hippokrat \u0259n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f q\u0259dim yunan h\u0259kimi olmu\u015fdur. O, h\u0259m d\u0259 t\u0259bab\u0259td\u0259 \u0259xlaq m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 toxunaraq h\u0259r bir h\u0259kimin davran\u0131\u015f qaydalar\u0131na diqq\u0259t yetirirdi. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201cHippokrat\u0131n and\u0131\u201dnda h\u0259r bir h\u0259kimin riay\u0259t ed\u0259c\u0259yi&hellip;","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/565597"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=565597"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/565597\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/565598"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=565597"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=565597"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=565597"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}