(II yaz\u0131)<\/u><\/p>\n
BABAMIN BABASININ… ULU BABALARI<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Bu g\u00fcn \u015e\u0259rqi Avropadan \u00c7in\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f bir sah\u0259y\u0259 yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f o\u011fuzlar\u0131n tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmalar\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n t\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyinin, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259, inki\u015faf\u0131nda, t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131nda m\u00fcst\u0259sna rol oynad\u0131qlar\u0131 inkaredilm\u0259z h\u0259qiq\u0259tdir. Faruk S\u00fcm\u0259r, H\u00fcseyn Salman, \u018fhm\u0259d Bican \u018frcilasun, \u018fhm\u0259d Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l kimi n\u00fcfuzlu t\u00fcrkoloqlar Orxon-Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 istinadla o\u011fuzlar\u0131n babas\u0131 kimi t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259ri q\u0259bul edirl\u0259r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bu x\u00fcsusdan \u0259trafl\u0131 b\u0259hs a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131q. Amma ayd\u0131n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir ki, t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259r VII \u0259srd\u0259 Tanr\u0131 da\u011f\u0131 (Tyan-\u015ean) b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 bird\u0259n-bir\u0259 z\u00fchur etm\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r, nec\u0259 dey\u0259rl\u0259r, yerd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Son t\u0259dqiqatlar onlar\u0131n q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259n bir \u00e7ox t\u00fcrk boy birlikl\u0259rinin t\u0259rkibind\u0259 t\u0259msil olunduqlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas verir. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u0259lumatlardan da g\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, o\u011fuzlar k\u00f6kl\u0259rini \u00fcmumt\u00fcrk tarixinin dibsiz d\u0259rinlikl\u0259rind\u0259n g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n \u0259n \u201cqocaman\u201d etnik qruplardand\u0131r.<\/p>\n B\u0259\u015f\u0259r tarixin\u0259 istiqam\u0259t vermi\u015f, onun y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 gedi\u015fat\u0131n\u0131 d\u0259yi\u015fmi\u015f azsayl\u0131 xalqlardan olan t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin ana yurdu (pro-v\u0259t\u0259nl\u0259ri) Altay v\u0259 Sayan da\u011flar\u0131 \u0259razisi say\u0131l\u0131r. D\u00fcnya sivilizasiyas\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c\u0131n\u0131 \u0259kin\u00e7ilik v\u0259 heyvandarl\u0131\u011fa ke\u00e7id d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259n hesablayan aliml\u0259r, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u0259cdadlar\u0131n\u0131n (protot\u00fcrkl\u0259r v\u0259 ya \u00f6n t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin) e.\u0259. VI minillikd\u0259 m\u0259hz bu b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 ov\u00e7u-toplay\u0131c\u0131l\u0131qdan qoyun\u00e7ulu\u011fa v\u0259 at\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011fa ke\u00e7dikl\u0259rini qeyd edirl\u0259r.<\/p>\n \u2022N\u00fcfuzlu t\u00fcrkoloqlar Orxon-Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 istinadla o\u011fuzlar\u0131n babas\u0131 kimi t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259ri q\u0259bul edirl\u0259r.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n D\u00fcnyan\u0131n arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 tap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u0259n q\u0259dim artefaktlar\u0131 \u00f6n t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 aid oldu\u011fu \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 do\u011furmayan Anav m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tin\u0259 (e.\u0259. 9000-3000) \u015famli edilir. Kopetda\u011f\u0131n (m\u00fcasir T\u00fcrkm\u0259nistan) \u0259t\u0259kl\u0259rind\u0259ki Anav b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 apar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f qaz\u0131nt\u0131larda ortaya \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lm\u0131\u015f h\u0259min artefaktlar, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 iki b\u00f6y\u00fck kurqan protot\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259xsus m\u0259d\u0259ni irsin z\u0259nginliyind\u0259n soraq verir. E.\u0259. 2500-1700-c\u00fc ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda Afanasyevo (\u015eumer sivilizasiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259\u015fkil ed\u0259n t\u00fcrk m\u0259n\u015f\u0259li bu m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259t e.\u0259. VII minillikd\u0259 Aral sahill\u0259rind\u0259 meydana g\u0259lmi\u015f, t\u0259dric\u0259n Orta \u015e\u0259rq\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n, Anadolu v\u0259 Qafqaza yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r) v\u0259 e.\u0259. 1700-1200-c\u00fc ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda Andronovo (arxeoloji qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Xakasiyada \u00fcz\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r) m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tl\u0259ri il\u0259 t\u0259msil olunan prot\u00fcrkl\u0259rin atl\u0131-k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri h\u0259yat t\u0259rzi ke\u00e7irdikl\u0259ri, t\u0259qrib\u0259n e.\u0259. 1700-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259r \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 Altay v\u0259 Tanr\u0131 da\u011flar\u0131 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259y\u0259 yay\u0131ld\u0131qlar\u0131 m\u0259lumdur. Onlar\u0131n ilk siyasi birliyi (proto-d\u00f6vl\u0259ti) \u0130skit (saka\/sak\/skif) q\u0259bil\u0259-tayfa ittifaq\u0131 hesab edilir. D\u00fcnya tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda arxeoloji, antropoloji v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni t\u0259dqiqatlar \u0259sas\u0131nda m\u00fcasirl\u0259ri il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f \u00f6yr\u0259nil\u0259n iskitl\u0259r t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin ulu babalar\u0131 (\u201cturani q\u00f6vm\u201d) kimi q\u0259bul olunur.<\/p>\n \u0130SK\u0130TL\u018fR (SK\u0130FL\u018fR, SAKLAR\/SAKALAR) e.\u0259. VIII \u0259srd\u0259 Tuna sahill\u0259rin\u0259, sonra is\u0259 Anadoluya k\u00f6\u00e7 etmi\u015f, soyda\u015flar\u0131 olan kimmerl\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t qurmu\u015f v\u0259 bu hakimiyy\u0259ti uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259ld\u0259 saxlam\u0131\u015f, 200 il \u0259rzind\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Avropa v\u0259 \u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 urartulu v\u0259 assurlularla yana\u015f\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. \u0130skitl\u0259rin k\u00f6\u00e7 yollar\u0131n\u0131, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Qafqaz-Anadolu x\u0259tti boyunca s\u0259p\u0259l\u0259nmi\u015f kurqanlar\u0131n\u0131 h\u0259rt\u0259r\u0259fli ara\u015fd\u0131rm\u0131\u015f Jeannie Davis Kimball onlar\u0131n izi il\u0259 \u015eimali Qazax\u0131stana q\u0259d\u0259r gedib \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015f, Anadolu-\u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz v\u0259 \u015eimali Qazax\u0131stan b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 tapd\u0131\u011f\u0131 kurqanlar\u0131n eyniliyini t\u0259sbit etmi\u015f, bel\u0259 bir q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015fdir ki, iskitl\u0259r v\u0259 kimmerl\u0259r Daxili Asiyadan Qara d\u0259niz v\u0259 Anadoluyad\u0259k uzun bir yol q\u0259t etmi\u015fl\u0259r. Onun arxeoloji n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ri genetik t\u0259hlill\u0259rl\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259sdiql\u0259nmi\u015f, bel\u0259likl\u0259, iskitl\u0259rin 3 min il bundan qabaqk\u0131 t\u00fcrk tarixinin t\u0259msil\u00e7il\u0259ri olmas\u0131 isbat edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n E.\u0259. IX \u0259srd\u0259 T\u0259kl\u0259m\u0259kan \u00e7\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcn \u015f\u0259rqind\u0259 rastla\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z at\u00e7\u0131-qoyun\u00e7u iskitl\u0259r canlar\u0131n\u0131 \u015fidd\u0259tli isti v\u0259 quraql\u0131qdan qurtarmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn dig\u0259r soyda\u015flar\u0131 hunlarla birlikd\u0259 q\u0259rb v\u0259 c\u0259nub istiqam\u0259tl\u0259rind\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k iqlimi daha m\u00fclayim olan Balxa\u015f v\u0259 Aral g\u00f6ll\u0259ri \u0259traflar\u0131na, oradan da massagetl\u0259rin basq\u0131nlar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r b\u00f6lg\u0259sin\u0259 g\u0259lirl\u0259r. (Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Darxan K\u0131d\u0131r\u0259li v\u0259 Qaybulla Babayarovun d\u0259rs v\u0259saitind\u0259 massagetl\u0259r e.\u0259. 1-ci minilliyin ortalar\u0131nda \u201cAltay da\u011flar\u0131ndan Qara d\u0259nizin \u015fimal sahill\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015f sak tayfalar\u0131ndan biri\u201d hesab edilir v\u0259 onlar\u0131n Aral v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizl\u0259ri aras\u0131nda, \u015eimali Qafqaz v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 deyilir.) Kimmerl\u0259rl\u0259 iskitl\u0259rin sava\u015f\u0131 burada da davam edir v\u0259 t\u0259qrib\u0259n e.\u0259. VIII \u0259srd\u0259 kimmerl\u0259r m\u0259\u011flub olaraq \u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259n Anadolu v\u0259 Qafqaza \u00e7\u0259kilm\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qal\u0131rlar. Onlar\u0131 t\u0259qib ed\u0259n iskitl\u0259r is\u0259 hakim olduqlar\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259ri geni\u015fl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn da\u011f\u0131n\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 F\u0259rqan\u0259 vadisin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r yay\u0131l\u0131rlar. \u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259n ax\u0131n-ax\u0131n Anadolu v\u0259 Qafqaza do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259n iskitl\u0259r Urartu, Assur, Manna, Midiya kimi d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rl\u0259 toqqu\u015fmaqdan da \u00e7\u0259kinmirdil\u0259r. E.\u0259. 610-cu ild\u0259 onlar c\u0259nub-\u015f\u0259rqi Anadoluda \u0259n g\u00fccl\u00fc orduya malik idil\u0259r.\u00a0Assur m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n m\u0259lum oldu\u011fu kimi e.\u0259. 679-cu ild\u0259 iskitl\u0259r art\u0131q bir d\u00f6vl\u0259t qurmu\u015f v\u0259 onun \u0259traf\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdil\u0259r. Bel\u0259 ki, m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 onlar \u201ci\u015fkigulu\u201d, krallar\u0131 is\u0259 \u201ci\u015fpakai\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n Lakin e.\u0259. IV \u0259srd\u0259 atl\u0131-k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259ri sarmatlarla girdikl\u0259ri a\u011f\u0131r m\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259, habel\u0259 oturaq h\u0259yat t\u0259rzin\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259dar iskitl\u0259rin m\u00fcqavim\u0259t q\u00fcvv\u0259si getdikc\u0259 z\u0259ifl\u0259yir. N\u0259hay\u0259t, Anadolunu t\u0259rk etm\u0259y\u0259 m\u0259cbur olub, C\u0259nubi Qara d\u0259niz b\u00f6lg\u0259sin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr v\u0259 e.\u0259. 3-c\u00fc \u0259sr\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r orada ya\u015fay\u0131rlar. N.N\u0259siblinin bildirdiyin\u0259 \u00a0g\u00f6r\u0259, e.\u0259. 250-ci il\u0259d\u0259k davam ed\u0259n sarmat i\u015f\u011fallar\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri Kr\u0131m yar\u0131madas\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r daralan iskitl\u0259r sonradan Skandinaviyadan Qara d\u0259niz\u0259 en\u0259n qotlar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n m\u0259\u011flub edil\u0259r\u0259k, b\u00f6lg\u0259 xalqlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n assimilyasiyaya u\u011fray\u0131rlar.<\/p>\n Onu da qeyd etm\u0259liyik ki, son d\u00f6vrd\u0259 T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda iskitl\u0259r\u0259 maraq g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259dir. Onlar\u0131n Qafqaz \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259n Anadoluya daxil olmalar\u0131 v\u0259 burada m\u0259skunla\u015fmalar\u0131 \u0130lhami Durmu\u015fun \u201c\u0130skitl\u0259r\/Sakalar\u201d v\u0259 \u018fkr\u0259m M\u0259mi\u015fin \u201cAtl\u0131 q\u00f6vml\u0259r m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259ti: iskitl\u0259rin tarixi\u201d kimi ciddi elmi monoqrafiyalar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas m\u00f6vzular\u0131ndand\u0131r. Bu \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rd\u0259 iskitl\u0259rd\u0259n bir o\u011fuz birliyi kimi b\u0259hs olunmas\u0131 diqq\u0259ti x\u00fcsusi c\u0259lb edir. \u201cX\u0259z\u0259r v\u0259 barsill\u0259rin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi tayfa birliyi\u201d kimi t\u0259qdim olunan iskitl\u0259rin Qafqaz v\u0259 Anadolunun t\u00fcrkl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259 rolu, miladdan \u0259vv\u0259lki uzun bir zaman k\u0259simind\u0259 Midiya hakimiyy\u0259tind\u0259 t\u0259msil olunmalar\u0131 Az\u0259rbaycan aliml\u0259rinin \u0259s\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 (Yusif C\u0259f\u0259rov, H\u0259s\u0259n H\u0259s\u0259nov v\u0259 b.) tutarl\u0131 faktlarla t\u0259sbit edilmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n HUNLAR. Bizim eran\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 protot\u00fcrkl\u0259rin Anadolu v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 ax\u0131n v\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7l\u0259ri, hunlar v\u0259 \u201chun konqlomerat\u0131\u201dna (Sara A\u015furb\u0259yli) aid tayfalarla \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirilir.\u00a0Erk\u0259n orta \u0259srl\u0259r\u0259 aid qaynaqlarda hunlardan bir ne\u00e7\u0259 imperiyan\u0131n qurucular\u0131 kimi s\u00f6z a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7in m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l III \u0259srd\u0259n bizim eran\u0131n III \u0259srin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya, C\u0259nubi Sibir, Monqolustan, \u015eimali \u00c7in, \u015e\u0259rqi T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 Asiya hunlar\u0131 imperiyas\u0131 (\u201cSuyun-nu\u201d)\u00a0 m\u00f6vcud olub v\u0259 bu d\u00f6vl\u0259t, qurucusu Tuman\u0131n (Teoman) o\u011flu Metenin (onun ad\u0131n\u0131n \u201cMode\u201d, \u201cMo-tun\u201d variantlar\u0131 da m\u0259lumdur) hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015finin zirv\u0259 n\u00f6qt\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7ataraq \u015e\u0259rqi T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rini v\u0259 q\u0259dim \u0130p\u0259k yolunun \u015fimal \u015fax\u0259sini n\u0259zar\u0259t\u0259 g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcb. Asiya hunlar\u0131 dig\u0259r bir protot\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259ti olan Kanql\u0131\/Kanxa\/ Kanq\/Kanyuy (e.\u0259. II \u0259sr-bizim eran\u0131n III \u0259sri) qo\u015funlar\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u00c7in\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 qanl\u0131 m\u00fcharib\u0259l\u0259r aparm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 bu m\u00fcbariz\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 g\u00fccd\u0259n d\u00fc\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u2022\u201cX\u0259z\u0259r v\u0259 barsill\u0259rin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi tayfa birliyi\u201d kimi t\u0259qdim olunan iskitl\u0259r Qafqaz v\u0259 Anadolunun t\u00fcrkl\u0259\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynam\u0131\u015f, miladdan \u0259vv\u0259lki uzun bir zaman k\u0259simind\u0259 Midiya hakimiyy\u0259tind\u0259 t\u0259msil olunmu\u015fdur.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Hunlar\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si q\u0259rb\u0259 \u00fcz tutmu\u015f, eram\u0131z\u0131n IV-V \u0259srl\u0259rind\u0259 \u015eimali Qafqaz, \u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz b\u00f6lg\u0259si v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Avropan\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n Avropa hunlar\u0131 imperiyas\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Roma imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fimal \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259rini daim t\u0259hdid alt\u0131nda saxlayan hunlar Fransa v\u0259 \u0130spaniyaya q\u0259d\u0259r ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, \u201cxalqlar\u0131n b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fc\u201dn\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015f, Avropan\u0131n etnik simas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00fch\u00fcm rol oynam\u0131\u015flar. Atillan\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259ti ill\u0259rind\u0259 (434-453) Avropa hunlar\u0131 d\u00f6vl\u0259ti b\u00f6y\u00fck bir imperiyaya \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdir. Bundan ba\u015fqa hunlar M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyan\u0131n c\u0259nub-q\u0259rbini (Baktriya), habel\u0259 Xorasan v\u0259 \u015eimali Hindistan\u0131 \u0259hat\u0259 ed\u0259n\u00a0Xionitl\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin (Asiya hunlar\u0131 imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n davam\u0131 hesab edilir) d\u0259 yarad\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r. Bizim eran\u0131n IV-VI \u0259srl\u0259rind\u0259 xionitl\u0259rin s\u00fcqutu il\u0259 h\u0259min \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259 A\u011f hunlar d\u00f6vl\u0259ti (Eftalitl\u0259r) yaran\u0131b.<\/p>\n Eram\u0131z\u0131n ilk \u0259srl\u0259rind\u0259 hunlar\u0131n Qafqazda c\u0259r\u0259yan ed\u0259n siyasi v\u0259 etnik prosesl\u0259rd\u0259 f\u0259all\u0131\u011f\u0131 yaz\u0131l\u0131 m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rin m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259sdiq olunur. II \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f yunan tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri Klavdi Ptolomey v\u0259 Dionisi Parieget hunlar\u0131n Qafqazda yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 dair \u00f6n\u0259mli m\u0259lumatlar vermi\u015fl\u0259r. Parieget X\u0259z\u0259rin q\u0259rb sahilind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f boylardan dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n iskit, hun, kaspi v\u0259 albanlar\u0131n da ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kir. Y.C\u0259f\u0259rov m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259r \u0259sas\u0131nda hunlar\u0131n IV \u0259srin ilk r\u00fcb\u00fcnd\u0259 indiki Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k Mil d\u00fcz\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ax\u0131nlar etdikl\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. G\u00fcrc\u00fc salnam\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 hun torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n D\u0259rb\u0259nd ke\u00e7idind\u0259n (b\u0259zi qaynaqlara g\u00f6r\u0259 Ba\u015fbarmaq da\u011f\u0131 \u0259t\u0259kl\u0259rind\u0259n) ba\u015flay\u0131b c\u0259nuba do\u011fru uzand\u0131\u011f\u0131 qeyd edilir. Onlar\u0131n 371-ci ild\u0259 Dunay sahill\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7 etm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq, uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t basq\u0131nlar yolu il\u0259 Qafqaz\u0131n ictimai-siyasi h\u0259yat\u0131na t\u0259sir g\u00f6st\u0259rdikl\u0259ri m\u0259lumdur. S.A\u015furb\u0259ylinin yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, III \u0259srin birinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda v\u0259 sonralar, IV \u0259srin ax\u0131rlar\u0131nda (395-ci il) onlar\u0131n D\u0259rb\u0259nd (\u00c7or) ke\u00e7idind\u0259n ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k Albaniyaya y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f etm\u0259si Aqafangel v\u0259 bir s\u0131ra dig\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259rin qeydl\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259sdiqini tap\u0131r. Alimin fikrinc\u0259, hunlar h\u0259tta V-VI \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 Albaniyaya- D\u0259rb\u0259nd\u0259, \u015eirvana, Mu\u011fana v\u0259 b. vilay\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 basq\u0131nlar etmi\u015f v\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck q\u0259nim\u0259t \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7ir\u0259r\u0259k geri d\u00f6nm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r. Onlar\u0131n Anadolu istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 ir\u0259lil\u0259dikl\u0259rini qeyd ed\u0259n m\u00fc\u0259llifl\u0259r d\u0259 az deyil. \u00dc\u00e7l\u0259r Bulduk yaz\u0131r: \u201cS\u0131rd\u0131ryadan ilk o\u011fuz (uz) y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015fl\u0259ri Q\u0259rbi (Avropa) hunlar d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 ba\u015f verib. Roma imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7alanmas\u0131ndan sonra Qafqaz da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015faraq, Bizans\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qalan Anadoluya g\u0259l\u0259n Kurs\u0131k v\u0259 Bas\u0131k adl\u0131 hun s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259l\u0259ri 398-ci ild\u0259 \u018frzurum, Malatya, \u00c7ukurova x\u0259ttini ke\u00e7ib Q\u00fcds\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r ax\u0131nlar etmi\u015f, eyni yolla da geri qay\u0131tm\u0131\u015flar. Hunlardan sonra 515-516-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 sabar (sabir, sibir) t\u00fcrkl\u0259ri h\u00f6kmdarlar\u0131 Balak\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Anadoludan Ankaraya q\u0259d\u0259r basq\u0131nlar etmi\u015f, bol q\u0259nim\u0259t g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r \u201d.<\/p>\n \u2022II \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015f yunan tarix\u00e7il\u0259ri Klavdi Ptolomey v\u0259 Dionisi Parieget hunlar\u0131n Qafqazda yerl\u0259\u015fm\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 dair \u00f6n\u0259mli m\u0259lumatlar vermi\u015fl\u0259r. Parieget X\u0259z\u0259rin q\u0259rb sahilind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f boylardan dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n iskit, hun, kaspi v\u0259 albanlar\u0131n da ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u00dc.Buldukun hunlarla o\u011fuzlar\u0131 yax\u0131n (v\u0259 ya eyni) etnik qrup(lar)a aid etm\u0259si t\u0259sad\u00fcfi say\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. O\u011fuzlarla hunlar\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 fikri h\u0259l\u0259 Bizans tarix\u00e7isi v\u0259 diplomat\u0131 Prisk t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n ir\u0259li s\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcr. O, u\u011for, sara\u011fur v\u0259 ono\u011furlar\u0131 (\u00dc.Buldukun yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201co\u011fuz\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc \u201co\u011fur\u201d variant\u0131nda eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259lki d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 aid \u00c7in m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 d\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nib) Qafqaz b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 ya\u015fayan hun boylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda sadalay\u0131r v\u0259 V \u0259srin 60-c\u0131 ill\u0259rind\u0259 Qafqaza k\u00f6\u00e7 ed\u0259n sabir\/suvarlar\u0131n burada h\u0259min boylarla qar\u015f\u0131la\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131r. \u00dcmumiyy\u0259tl\u0259, erk\u0259n orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 bir \u00e7ox t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n hunlara v\u0259 ya \u201chun konqlemerat\u0131na\u201d aid edilm\u0259si tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131qda m\u0259lum m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir. M\u0259hz bu m\u00fclahiz\u0259 il\u0259 protobulqarlar\u0131n \u201cQafqazda m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f ilk hun boyu\u201d hesab edilm\u0259si \u0259sass\u0131z say\u0131la bilm\u0259z. Yuxar\u0131da D.K\u0131d\u0131r\u0259li v\u0259 Q.Babayarovun massagetl\u0259ri sak\/iskit tayfalar\u0131ndan bildiyini qeyd etmi\u015fdik. Burada ba\u015fqa bir maraql\u0131 fakt\u0131 da n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131raq. Q\u0259dim yunan m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 tez-tez xat\u0131rlanan massagetl\u0259rin qollar\u0131ndan biri \u201caugasi\u201d adlan\u0131rd\u0131 (onlar\u0131n b.e.\u0259. V \u0259srd\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 m\u0259lumdur). 1947-ci ild\u0259 Orta Asiyada, x\u00fcsus\u0259n Xar\u0259zmd\u0259ki o\u011fuz \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rind\u0259 qaz\u0131nt\u0131lar aparm\u0131\u015f rus arxeoloqu S.P.Tolstov h\u0259min \u201caugasi\u201dl\u0259rin o\u011fuzlar oldu\u011funu iddia etmi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n Eram\u0131z\u0131n ilk \u0259srl\u0259rind\u0259 maskutlar\u0131n (massagetl\u0259rin) indiki Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259- M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr d\u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 \u00f6z d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rini yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vl\u0259tin h\u0259rbi-siyasi, etno-m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131nda hunlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u0259mli yer tutduqlar\u0131 da \u00e7oxdan m\u0259lumdur. Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 F\u0259rid\u0259 M\u0259mm\u0259dova Maskut d\u00f6vl\u0259ti \u0259razisinin \u201cMasaha-hunlar\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259si\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 qaynaqlara rast g\u0259ldiyini yazm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Biz, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, burada ad\u0131\u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n tayfalar\u0131n etnik bax\u0131mdan hunlara m\u0259nsub olub-olmad\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015fd\u0131rmaq niyy\u0259tind\u0259 deyilik, amma onlar\u0131n t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131ndan oldu\u011fu, m\u00fcxt\u0259lif d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 hun ordalar\u0131na qat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u0259n \u0259sas\u0131 is\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 do\u011furmur. Bu s\u0131rada sabir\/suvarlar (etnonimin sabar\/sibir variantlar\u0131na da rast g\u0259lm\u0259k olur) v\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r x\u00fcsusi yer tutur.<\/p>\n SAB\u0130R\/SAV\u0130R V\u018f YA SUVARLAR\u0131n X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi v\u0259 Don \u00e7ay\u0131 aras\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fdikl\u0259ri h\u0259l\u0259 eram\u0131z\u0131n I \u0259srind\u0259 yunan co\u011frafiya\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 Strabon t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qeyd edilmi\u015fdir. Y.C\u0259f\u0259rov onlar\u0131n daha sonralar Kuma v\u0259 Terek \u00e7aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 Qafqaza ax\u0131n etdikl\u0259rini g\u00f6st\u0259rir. Tariq Dostiyev is\u0259 V \u0259srin ortalar\u0131nda sabirl\u0259rin buraya k\u00f6\u00e7 etdikl\u0259rini, o\u011fur, sara\u011fur v\u0259 ono\u011furlar\u0131 s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131raraq Qafqazda hakimiyy\u0259t qurduqlar\u0131n\u0131 yaz\u0131r. (Bu yerd\u0259 Ayg\u00fcn Attar\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131 m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259rini d\u0259 xat\u0131rlatmaq laz\u0131m g\u0259lir: \u201c\u0130skit v\u0259 o\u011fur topluluqlar\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131ld\u0131qlar\u0131 co\u011frafiyan\u0131 diqq\u0259t\u0259 alsaq, o\u011fuzlar\u0131n Anadolu v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanla t\u0259maslar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259ski d\u00f6vrl\u0259r\u0259 dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayd\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr… \u018fn az\u0131ndan IV \u0259srd\u0259n etibar\u0259n s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259r \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 o\u011fur\/o\u011fuz q\u00f6vml\u0259rinin n\u0259zar\u0259tind\u0259 olmu\u015fdur. Bu da Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi Anadolunun o\u011fuzlarla s\u0259lcuqil\u0259rd\u0259n \u00e7ox-\u00e7ox \u0259vv\u0259l tan\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir\u201d.)\u00a0 T.Dostiyev h\u0259m d\u0259 sabirl\u0259rin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdiyi hun boylar\u0131n\u0131n VI \u0259srd\u0259 Qafqazda m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndikl\u0259rini vur\u011fulay\u0131r v\u0259 yaz\u0131r ki, Bizans imperiyas\u0131 il\u0259 Sasanil\u0259r d\u00f6vl\u0259ti aras\u0131nda 502-ci ild\u0259 ba\u015flayan \u00e7oxillik m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 t\u0259r\u0259fl\u0259rin h\u0259r biri\u00a0onlar\u0131n h\u0259rbi-siyasi d\u0259st\u0259yini alma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u2022Eram\u0131z\u0131n ilk \u0259srl\u0259rind\u0259 maskutlar\u0131n (massagetl\u0259rin) indiki Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259- M\u00fc\u015fk\u00fcr d\u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259 \u00f6z d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rini yaratd\u0131qlar\u0131 v\u0259 h\u0259min d\u00f6vl\u0259tin h\u0259rbi-siyasi, etno-m\u0259d\u0259ni h\u0259yat\u0131nda hunlar\u0131n \u00f6n\u0259mli yer tutduqlar\u0131 tarixd\u0259n m\u0259lumdur. Tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131 F\u0259rid\u0259 M\u0259mm\u0259dova Maskut d\u00f6vl\u0259ti \u0259razisinin \u201cMasaha-hunlar\u0131n \u00f6lk\u0259si\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 qaynaqlara rast g\u0259ldiyini qeyd edir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Y.C\u0259f\u0259rov VI \u0259srin 20-30-cu ill\u0259rind\u0259 sabirl\u0259rin bizansl\u0131lara qr\u015f\u0131 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u00fckl\u0259rini, bununla bel\u0259 Sasani \u015fahlar\u0131n\u0131n onlara qar\u015f\u0131 x\u00fcsusi demoqrafik siyas\u0259t haz\u0131rlay\u0131b h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irdikl\u0259rini d\u0259 qeyd edir. Bu siyas\u0259tin m\u0259\u011fzini is\u0259 sabirl\u0259rin c\u0259nuba do\u011fru yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n,\u00a0 Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rq b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck qazanmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 farsm\u0259n\u015f\u0259li etnoslar\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Bel\u0259 bir siyas\u0259tin h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irilm\u0259si, \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259 ki, o d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Qafqazda q\u0259rarla\u015fm\u0131\u015f etno-sosial m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259ni yanl\u0131\u015f \u0259ks etdir\u0259n, Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0130ran \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fcn\u0259 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131q ver\u0259n n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259l\u0259ri sual\u00a0alt\u0131nda qoyan kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r ciddi faktlardan say\u0131la bil\u0259r. Lakin \u00e7ox ke\u00e7m\u0259d\u0259n Sasani siyas\u0259tinin d\u0259yi\u015fdiyini g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir fakt da m\u0259lumdur v\u0259 bu bar\u0259d\u0259 S.A\u015furb\u0259yli bel\u0259 yaz\u0131r: \u201cVI \u0259sr p\u0259hl\u0259vi m\u0259x\u0259zl\u0259rind\u0259ki m\u0259lumatlar\u0131 hifz etmi\u015f \u0130bn Misq\u0259veyh (IX \u0259sr) t\u0259sdiq edir ki, I Xosrov \u018fnu\u015fir\u0259van (531-579-cu ill\u0259r) savirl\u0259r\u0259 qalib g\u0259ldikd\u0259n sonra \u015eimali Qafqaz\u0131n d\u00f6rd t\u00fcrk tayfas\u0131ndan olan 50 min n\u0259f\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t 3 min ail\u0259ni Arrana v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcrd\u00fc. \u0130bn Misq\u0259veyhin dediyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin qafil\u0259si (d\u0259st\u0259si) on f\u0259rs\u0259x\u0259d\u0259k (t\u0259qrib\u0259n 60 kilometr) uzan\u0131rd\u0131. Ba\u015fqa m\u0259lumatlara g\u00f6r\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycanda yerl\u0259\u015fdiril\u0259n \u0259sirl\u0259rin say\u0131 10 min n\u0259f\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7at\u0131rd\u0131. Savirl\u0259rin bir hiss\u0259si k\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc sur\u0259td\u0259 Arrana k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k, B\u0259l\u0259nc\u0259r, G\u0259nc\u0259, Qazax v\u0259 ba\u015fqa yerl\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fd\u0131. I Xosrov \u018fnu\u015fir\u0259van Bizansla m\u00fcharib\u0259d\u0259 istifad\u0259 etm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 onlar\u0131n Sasani d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 imkan verdi. Onlar torpaq pay\u0131 ald\u0131lar, Arran v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259rzbanlar\u0131na tabe edildil\u0259r. Bizans tarix\u00e7isi Menandr\u0131n m\u0259lumat\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, savirl\u0259r 575-ci ild\u0259 K\u00fcr v\u0259 Araz \u00e7aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda v\u0259 K\u00fcr boyunca \u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n torpaqlara k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcl\u0259r. Bu \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259r Arran v\u0259 \u015eirvanda t\u00fcrk dilinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131na \u0259lveri\u015fli \u015f\u0259rait yaratd\u0131\u201d. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn cidd-c\u0259hdl\u0259rin\u0259 baxmayaraq VI \u0259srd\u0259 yerli demoqrafik m\u00fchitd\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin x\u00fcsusi \u00e7\u0259kisinin y\u00fcks\u0259lm\u0259sini dayand\u0131rma\u011fa m\u00fcv\u0259ff\u0259q ola bilm\u0259y\u0259n Sasani \u015fahlar\u0131 h\u0259rbi z\u0259rur\u0259ti \u0259sas alaraq, d\u00f6rd (!) t\u00fcrk tayfas\u0131ndan olan \u0259sirl\u0259ri, \u0259l\u0259lx\u00fcsus da savirl\u0259ri Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131nda yerl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259yi daha m\u00fcnasib g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n \u2022Sasanil\u0259rin sabirl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259yata ke\u00e7irdiyi demoqrafik siyas\u0259tin m\u0259\u011fzini onlar\u0131n c\u0259nuba do\u011fru yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n,\u00a0 Qafqaz Albaniyas\u0131n\u0131n \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rq b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck qazanmas\u0131n\u0131n qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 almaq m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 farsm\u0259n\u015f\u0259li etnoslar\u0131n k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si t\u0259\u015fkil edirdi. Bu, h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 Qafqazda q\u0259rarla\u015fm\u0131\u015f etno-sosial m\u0259nz\u0259r\u0259ni yanl\u0131\u015f \u0259ks etdir\u0259n, Az\u0259rbaycan xalq\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0130ran \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fcn\u0259 a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131q ver\u0259n n\u0259z\u0259riyy\u0259l\u0259ri sual\u00a0alt\u0131nda qoyan kifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r ciddi faktlardan say\u0131la bil\u0259r.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Burada diqq\u0259ti \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n dig\u0259r bir x\u00fcsus is\u0259 sabirl\u0259rin b\u00f6y\u00fck bir hiss\u0259sinin Sasani ordusu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fc bir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 onlar\u0131n ba\u015fqa bir qrupunun Albaniya \u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 basq\u0131nlar etm\u0259sidir. Bu x\u00fcsus g\u00f6rk\u0259mli rus t\u00fcrkoloqu Lev Nikolayevi\u00e7 Qumilyovu h\u0259tta sabirl\u0259rin Albaniyan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259si q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 d\u0259 g\u0259tirmi\u015fdi. Y.C\u0259f\u0259rov da \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 analoji hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n b\u0259hs edir. Alimin\u00a0 yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, Sasani q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259ri qeyri-b\u0259rab\u0259r d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fl\u0259rd\u0259 sabirl\u0259ri m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011fratm\u0131\u015f v\u0259 onlar\u0131 \u015eabran, Ab\u015feron v\u0259 Mu\u011fan x\u0259tti \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirmi\u015fl\u0259r. \u00dc.Buldukun 515-516-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 Balak adl\u0131 bir boy \u00f6nd\u0259rinin ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 savirl\u0259rin \u015e\u0259rqi Anadoludan Ankaraya q\u0259d\u0259r torpaqlar\u0131 talan etm\u0259sii bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259lumat\u0131 da deyil\u0259nl\u0259rl\u0259 s\u0259sl\u0259\u015fir. Bu tipli hadis\u0259l\u0259ri \u015f\u0259rh ed\u0259rk\u0259n T.Dostiyev yaz\u0131r: \u201cSabirl\u0259rin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn sasanil\u0259r\u0259 d\u0259st\u0259k verdiyi bir vaxtda dig\u0259r b\u00f6l\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fcn Sasani hakimiyy\u0259tind\u0259ki torpaqlara basq\u0131nlar etm\u0259si \u015eimali Qafqazdak\u0131 hunlar\u0131n m\u00fcst\u0259qil boylar hal\u0131nda ya\u015famalar\u0131ndan x\u0259b\u0259r verir. Bizans tarix\u00e7isi Prokopi Kayseriyelinin dedikl\u0259ri d\u0259 bu fikr\u0259 \u0259sas verir ki, hun-sabirl\u0259rin saylar\u0131 olduqca \u00e7ox idi v\u0259 onlar m\u00fcst\u0259qil qollara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar\u201d. Fikrimizc\u0259, bel\u0259 misallar t\u0259sad\u00fcfi v\u0259 ya ixtiyari olmay\u0131b, t\u00fcrk konfederasiyalar\u0131nda\u00a0 boylar\u0131n nisbi muxtariyy\u0259t prinsipind\u0259n ir\u0259li g\u0259lir v\u0259 vaxta\u015f\u0131r\u0131 t\u0259zah\u00fcr edir.<\/p>\n \u2022Savirl\u0259rin 575-ci ild\u0259 K\u00fcr v\u0259 Araz \u00e7aylar\u0131 aras\u0131nda v\u0259 K\u00fcr boyunca \u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n torpaqlara k\u00f6\u00e7\u00fcr\u00fclm\u0259si Arran v\u0259 \u015eirvanda t\u00fcrk dilinin yay\u0131lmas\u0131na \u0259lveri\u015fli \u015f\u0259rait yaratd\u0131.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131qda sabirl\u0259rin Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131na 550-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 d\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7 etdikl\u0259rin\u0259 dair m\u00fclahiz\u0259l\u0259r m\u00f6vcuddur. Bu ikinci k\u00f6\u00e7 dal\u011fas\u0131, \u0259sas\u0259n, M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiyada jujanlar\u0131n (\u00e7inlil\u0259rin \u201cjuan-juan\u201d adland\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 bu etnosa Bizans m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u201cavarlar\u201d deyilir) G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259\u011flub olmalar\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirilir. Bel\u0259 ki, V \u0259srd\u0259 Monqolustan, Altay, Cunqariya\/Hunqariya (Macar\u0131stan) \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259, habel\u0259 \u015e\u0259rqi T\u00fcrk\u00fcstan\u0131n \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rq b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z imperiyalar\u0131n\u0131 yaratm\u0131\u015f jujanlar\u0131n 552-ci ild\u0259 ild\u0259 tabe\u00e7ilikl\u0259rind\u0259 olan A\u015fina t\u00fcrk tayfas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcsyan\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259ti itir\u0259r\u0259k (onun yerini Birinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 tutur) q\u0259rb\u0259, Qafqaza do\u011fru \u00e7\u0259kildikl\u0259ri, burada is\u0259 sabirl\u0259rl\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131b onlar\u0131 s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131 b\u0259lli m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir.<\/p>\n \u2022Hun-sabirl\u0259rin saylar\u0131 olduqca \u00e7ox idi v\u0259 onlar m\u00fcst\u0259qil qollara ayr\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Jujanlardan qa\u00e7an sabirl\u0259rin bir qisminin Az\u0259rbaycana, x\u00fcsus\u0259n \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rq\u00a0\u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7 etm\u0259si onlar\u0131n burada ya\u015fayan qanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na g\u0259lm\u0259si kimi izah olunur. Eyni zamanda S.A\u015furb\u0259yli VII \u0259sr\u0259 aid anonim bir m\u0259nb\u0259y\u0259 istinadla X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizinin \u015fimal-q\u0259rbind\u0259 Atil (\u0130til\/Volqa) \u00e7ay\u0131nad\u0259k sabir tayfalar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. O, Mitilenli Z\u0259k\u0259riyy\u0259nin 555-ci il\u0259 aid salnam\u0259sind\u0259 \u201cD\u0259rb\u0259ndin arxas\u0131nda, Da\u011f\u0131standa v\u0259 \u015eimali Qafqazda\u201d ya\u015fayan 13 etnosdan b\u0259hs etdiyini, \u00e7ad\u0131rlarda ya\u015fayan, mal-qara, bal\u0131q v\u0259 v\u0259h\u015fi heyvan \u0259ti il\u0259 dolanan bu tayfalar\u0131n aras\u0131nda bulqarlar, x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r, saragurlar, ono\u011furlarla yana\u015f\u0131 sabirl\u0259rin d\u0259 xat\u0131rland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edir. S.A\u015furb\u0259ylinin fikrinc\u0259, sabirl\u0259r hun ordas\u0131 t\u0259rkibind\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana V-VI \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 g\u0259lmi\u015f, VII-IX \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 v\u0259 Mu\u011fana yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015flar. O, \u0130bn Xordadbehin (IX \u0259sr) bel\u0259 bir m\u0259lumat\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7arpd\u0131r\u0131r ki, \u201cBab \u0259l-\u018fbvabdan (D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n) o yana Suvar s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259tidir\u201d. Deyil\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259n sabirl\u0259rin X\u0259z\u0259r \u0259traflar\u0131nda, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 Qafqaz, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycanda bizim eran\u0131n ilk \u0259srl\u0259rind\u0259n m\u0259sk\u0259n sald\u0131qlar\u0131, \u00f6z\u00fc d\u0259 dig\u0259r t\u00fcrkdilli tayfalarla yan-yana ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131, buradan qon\u015fu b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 yay\u0131ld\u0131qlar\u0131 ayd\u0131n olur ki, bu da t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn xarakterik x\u00fcsisiyy\u0259tdir. Dig\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fd\u0259n Orta Asiyada, Kara\u00e7uk da\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259t\u0259kl\u0259rind\u0259 (F\u0259rab \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda) v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 sabirl\u0259rin ad\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 do\u011furmayan \u201c\u015eabran\u201d \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rinin (Mahmud Ka\u015f\u011fari l\u00fc\u011f\u0259tind\u0259 bu ad \u201c\u015eabiran\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 ke\u00e7ir) olmas\u0131 maraq do\u011furur.<\/p>\n X\u018fZ\u018fRL\u018fR. M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 bir qayda olaraq adlar\u0131 sabirl\u0259rl\u0259 qo\u015fa \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n konfederasiyalardan biri d\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rdir. D\u00fcnya tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r m\u00f6vzusuna maraq h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck olub. Bir ne\u00e7\u0259 y\u00fczillik \u0259rzind\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqazdan X\u0259z\u0259r v\u0259 Qara d\u0259niz boyunca \u0130til (Volqa) v\u0259 Dunay \u00e7aylar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r n\u0259h\u0259ng bir co\u011frafiyan\u0131 hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131nda saxlam\u0131\u015f x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r haqq\u0131nda indiy\u0259d\u0259k y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259dqiqat \u0259s\u0259ri n\u0259\u015fr edilib. M\u00fcasir elmi fikrin yekdil r\u0259yi bundan ibar\u0259tdir ki, x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131x\u0131\u015f\u0131 bizim eradan \u00e7ox-\u00e7ox \u0259vv\u0259l, Heredot zaman\u0131nda (t\u0259qrib\u0259n b.e.\u0259. 484-425) ba\u015f vermi\u015fdir. Onlar\u0131n Az\u0259rbaycana g\u0259li\u015fi d\u0259 eyni d\u00f6vr\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Az\u0259rbaycan tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin\u00a0 iskit tayfalar\u0131na aid edilm\u0259si, savirl\u0259rin, bulqarlar\u0131n, barsill\u0259rin is\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda t\u0259msil olunmas\u0131 tendensiyas\u0131 get-ged\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259kd\u0259dir. \u018fslind\u0259, eyni hadis\u0259l\u0259rin gah sabirl\u0259r\u0259, gah da x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 aid edilm\u0259si hallar\u0131 tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131qda \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259r d\u0259 olub. Misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, S.A\u015furb\u0259yli \u201c\u015eirvan\u015fahlar tarixi\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130bn Misq\u0259veyh\u0259 istinad\u0259n I Xosrov \u018fnu\u015fir\u0259van\u0131n 50 min \u0259sir t\u00fcrk\u00fc Az\u0259rbaycan \u0259razisind\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259sind\u0259n iki d\u0259f\u0259 b\u0259hs edir; \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 h\u0259min \u0259sirl\u0259rin\u00a0savirl\u0259r, bir q\u0259d\u0259r a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da is\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r oldu\u011funu bildirir (yuxar\u0131da bu hadis\u0259y\u0259 toxunulub). V\u0259 bu, m\u0259x\u0259zl\u0259rd\u0259ki qar\u0131\u015f\u0131ql\u0131qla yana\u015f\u0131 savir v\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin etnik yax\u0131nl\u0131q v\u0259 siyasi m\u00fctt\u0259fiqliyin\u0259, \u0259ks\u0259r hallarda onlar\u0131n eyni prosesl\u0259rd\u0259 birg\u0259 i\u015ftirak\u0131na d\u0259lal\u0259t edir.<\/p>\n \u2022Jujanlardan qa\u00e7an sabirl\u0259rin bir qisminin Az\u0259rbaycana, x\u00fcsus\u0259n \u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rq\u00a0\u0259razil\u0259rin\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7 etm\u0259si onlar\u0131n burada ya\u015fayan qanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131na g\u0259lm\u0259si kimi izah olunur.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00f6vzusuna \u0130ran alimi S\u0259id N\u0259fisi d\u0259 toxunur. V \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin m\u00fcxt\u0259lif tayfalar \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259rin \u00fc\u00e7 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259 ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 yazan t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131, bu tayfalar aras\u0131nda x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131 s\u0259lcuq, t\u00fcrkm\u0259n (\u015fimal-\u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fanlar), salur, bayandur, \u0259f\u015far v\u0259 bayat kimi o\u011fuz boylar\u0131n\u0131n (\u015fimal-q\u0259rbd\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fanlar) da ad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259kir, h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 indiki \u0130ran \u0259razisi v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqaza (Az\u0259rbaycana) iki istiqam\u0259td\u0259n t\u00fcrk ax\u0131nlar\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015f verdiyini g\u00f6st\u0259rir (Mehman S\u00fcleymanov). Ortaq t\u00fcrk tarixind\u0259n b\u0259hs ed\u0259n x\u00fclas\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 is\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin VII \u0259srd\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n,\u00a0A\u015fa\u011f\u0131 Volqaboyunda v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259rin \u015fimal-q\u0259rb sahill\u0259rind\u0259 imperiya qurdu\u011fu v\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcmumt\u00fcrk tarixinin n\u00f6vb\u0259ti y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015f m\u0259rh\u0259l\u0259sini t\u0259c\u0259ss\u00fcm etdirdiyi vur\u011fulan\u0131r. B\u00f6y\u00fck T\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u015f\u0259rq \u0259razil\u0259rind\u0259 meydana g\u0259l\u0259n v\u0259 onun davam\u0131 say\u0131lan bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin sonradan G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259rin qurucular\u0131 olacaq A\u015fina s\u00fclal\u0259si t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 edildiyi v\u0259 s\u00fcquta u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131 X \u0259sr\u0259d\u0259k \u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz boylar\u0131ndan Aral d\u0259nizin\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycandan Ural da\u011flar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015fl\u0259ndiyi deyilir. Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n ba\u015fl\u0131ca inzibati m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri kimi Xanbal\u0131k (v\u0259 ya S\u0259m\u0259nd\u0259r) v\u0259 \u0130til \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri g\u00f6st\u0259rilir.<\/p>\n \u0130slam (\u0259r\u0259b) ordular\u0131n\u0131n VIII \u0259srd\u0259 Qafqaza v\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycana h\u00fccumu \u0259r\u0259f\u0259sind\u0259 burada x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin h\u00f6kmran olduqlar\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131ran S.A\u015furb\u0259yli bu iki g\u00fccl\u00fc r\u0259qib aras\u0131nda uzun s\u00fcr\u0259n m\u00fcbariz\u0259ni \u0259trafl\u0131 t\u0259svir edir. Onun yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201c\u015eimali Qafqazda v\u0259 Volqan\u0131n m\u0259ns\u0259bind\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc s\u0259lt\u0259n\u0259t yaratm\u0131\u015f\u201d x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r h\u0259l\u0259 662-ci ild\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259n Albaniyaya y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f etmi\u015f, lakin alban h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 Cavan\u015fir t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n geri oturdulmu\u015fdular. 664-c\u00fc ild\u0259 is\u0259 onlar \u201cyeni, daha g\u00fccl\u00fc h\u00fccuma ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k, K\u00fcr\u00fc adlay\u0131b Araz sahill\u0259rin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131lar, \u00e7oxlu \u0259sir tutdular v\u0259 Mu\u011fan d\u00fcz\u00fcnd\u0259n k\u00fclli miqdarda mal-qara qovub apard\u0131lar. 684-c\u00fc ilin h\u00fccumu da Albaniya \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn da\u011f\u0131d\u0131c\u0131 oldu. H\u0259min vaxtdan etibar\u0259n \u00f6lk\u0259 k\u00fctl\u0259vi sur\u0259td\u0259 Albaniyada m\u0259skunla\u015fan v\u0259 yerli \u0259hali il\u0259 qaynay\u0131b-qar\u0131\u015fan x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin hakimiyy\u0259ti alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. VIII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r\u00a0D\u0259rb\u0259nd istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 \u015fimal y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 ba\u015flark\u0259n burada \u201ct\u0259rkibind\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131- sabirl\u0259r, t\u00fcrk\u00fctl\u0259r, bulqarlar v\u0259 b. olan \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 X\u0259z\u0259r ordusu il\u0259 \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 g\u0259ldil\u0259r\u201d.<\/p>\n X\u0259lif\u0259 I Validin (705-715) d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 Arran, Az\u0259rbaycan v\u0259 \u015eirvana bir ne\u00e7\u0259 d\u0259f\u0259 h\u00fccum ed\u0259n \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259n qala v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ri al\u0131b, \u00f6zl\u0259rin\u0259 tabe etdir\u0259r\u0259k, \u018fl-Bab (D\u0259rb\u0259nd) \u00fcz\u0259rin\u0259 yeridil\u0259r v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri tutdular. X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r geri \u00e7\u0259kildil\u0259r. Lakin \u0259r\u0259b qo\u015funlar\u0131n\u0131n komandan\u0131, x\u0259lif\u0259nin qarda\u015f\u0131 o\u011flu M\u0259sl\u0259m\u0259 ged\u0259nd\u0259n sonra geri d\u00f6n\u00fcb yenid\u0259n D\u0259rb\u0259ndi \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdil\u0259r.<\/p>\n X\u0259lif\u0259 Y\u0259zid ibn \u018fbd\u00fclm\u0259likin hakimiyy\u0259t ill\u0259rind\u0259 (720-724) x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 yenid\u0259n alovland\u0131. 722-723-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan valisi t\u0259yin olunan \u0259l-C\u0259rrah ibn Abdullah \u0259l-H\u0259k\u0259mi 25 minlik ordu il\u0259 K\u00fcr\u00fc ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k x\u0259z\u0259r xaqan\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu Barsb\u0259yin qo\u015fununu m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011fratd\u0131. \u00c7oxlu \u0259sir alan \u0259l-C\u0259rrah onlar\u0131 Q\u0259b\u0259l\u0259d\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirdi, sonra is\u0259 \u015fimalda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259n B\u0259l\u0259nc\u0259ri z\u0259bt etdi. 724-c\u00fc ilin \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 \u00f6l\u0259n x\u0259lif\u0259 Y\u0259zidin yerin\u0259 qarda\u015f\u0131 Hi\u015fam ibn \u018fbd\u00fclm\u0259lik (724-743) ke\u00e7di v\u0259 onun vali kimi yenid\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycana g\u00f6nd\u0259rdiyi M\u0259sl\u0259m\u0259 ibn \u018fbd\u00fclm\u0259lik 20 ild\u0259n art\u0131q bir m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 \u018fm\u0259vil\u0259rin Qafqazda x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259sin\u0259 ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131q etdi. O, 727-728-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan torpaqlar\u0131ndan ke\u00e7\u0259r\u0259k iki d\u0259f\u0259 x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u0259 girdi v\u0259 onlara qalib g\u0259ldi. 729-cu ild\u0259 \u015e\u0259ki-B\u0259rd\u0259-Beyl\u0259qan-Varsan-Bac\u0259rvan yolu il\u0259 h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t ed\u0259n \u018fm\u0259vi qo\u015funu \u018frd\u0259bili h\u0259d\u0259f g\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. Lakin X\u0259z\u0259r xaqan\u0131n\u0131n o\u011flu Barsb\u0259y 300 minlik ordusu il\u0259 \u018frd\u0259bil\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259ldi v\u0259 \u015e\u0259hrizad k\u0259ndi yax\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259ri m\u0259\u011flub ed\u0259r\u0259k, \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri ald\u0131.<\/p>\n 735\/736-c\u0131 ild\u0259 yeni vali M\u0259rvan ibn M\u0259h\u0259mm\u0259d x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin \u00f6lk\u0259sin\u0259 soxuldu. \u0130slam\u0131 q\u0259bul etdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 xaqan\u0131 taxt\u0131ndan\u00a0k\u0259narla\u015fd\u0131rmasa da 40 min x\u0259z\u0259ri \u0259sir ald\u0131 v\u0259 Samur v\u0259 \u015e\u0259b\u0259ran \u00e7aylar\u0131 aras\u0131ndak\u0131 d\u00fcz\u0259nlikd\u0259 yerl\u0259\u015fdirdi. M\u0259rvan bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra \u015eimali v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Da\u011f\u0131stan\u0131n b\u0259zi vilay\u0259tl\u0259rini d\u0259 \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7irdi v\u0259 onlar\u0131n hakiml\u0259rini \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259 tabe etdirdi.<\/p>\n \u018fr\u0259b-x\u0259z\u0259r qar\u015f\u0131durmas\u0131 Abbasi x\u0259lif\u0259l\u0259ri d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 d\u0259 davam etdi. Do\u011frudur, X\u0259lif\u0259 \u018fl-M\u0259nsurun (754-775) Az\u0259rbaycan, Arran v\u0259 \u015eirvan valisi t\u0259yin etdiyi Y\u0259zid ibn \u00dcseyd \u0259s-S\u00fcl\u0259mi xaqan\u0131n q\u0131z\u0131 Xatunla\u00a0evl\u0259n\u0259r\u0259k, x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rl\u0259 qohum olduqdan sonra m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259r m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n q\u0259d\u0259r yoluna d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc, lakin ara-s\u0131ra toqqu\u015fmalar ba\u015f verirdi.<\/p>\n \u2022VIII \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r\u00a0D\u0259rb\u0259nd istiqam\u0259tind\u0259 \u015fimal y\u00fcr\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 ba\u015flark\u0259n burada t\u0259rkibind\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif t\u00fcrk tayfalar\u0131- sabirl\u0259r, t\u00fcrk\u00fctl\u0259r, bulqarlar v\u0259 b. olan \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 X\u0259z\u0259r ordusu il\u0259 \u00fcz-\u00fcz\u0259 g\u0259ldil\u0259r.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin \u0259r\u0259bl\u0259r\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 son b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u00fccumu is\u0259 799-cu il\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf edir. Bu \u0259r\u0259f\u0259d\u0259 x\u0259lif\u0259 Harun \u0259r-R\u0259\u015fidin (784-809) cani\u015fin t\u0259yin etdiyi S\u0259id ibn-S\u0259lm ibn-Q\u00fcteyb\u0259 \u0259l-B\u0259hilinin z\u00fclm\u00fcnd\u0259n naraz\u0131 olan D\u0259rb\u0259nd feodallar\u0131 onun naibin\u0259 h\u00fccum \u00e7\u0259kmi\u015f, cani\u015fin is\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 D\u0259rb\u0259nd \u0259miri \u0259n-N\u0259cm ibn-Ha\u015fimi q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirmi\u015fdi. H\u0259yyun ibn-N\u0259cm atas\u0131n\u0131n qisas\u0131n\u0131 alaraq S\u0259idin D\u0259rb\u0259ndd\u0259ki naibini \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc v\u0259 cani\u015fin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcsyan qald\u0131rd\u0131. M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 deyildiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201co, x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259rin xaqan\u0131 il\u0259 dan\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa girdi, xaqan ona yard\u0131m g\u00f6st\u0259rdi, b\u00f6y\u00fck ordunun ba\u015f\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlara h\u00fccum ed\u0259r\u0259k, onlar\u0131 q\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 \u00e7oxlu \u0259sir ald\u0131\u201d. X\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r \u015eirvan v\u0259 Arran\u0131n i\u00e7\u0259ril\u0259rin\u0259 do\u011fru ir\u0259lil\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k, K\u00fcr\u00fcn sahilin\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131lar v\u0259 100 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox \u0259sirl\u0259 geri d\u00f6nd\u00fcl\u0259r.<\/p>\n G\u00f6r\u00fcnd\u00fcy\u00fc kimi, x\u0259z\u0259rl\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck h\u0259rbi q\u00fcdr\u0259t\u0259 malik olmu\u015f, \u0259r\u0259b ordular\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 t\u0259xmin\u0259n y\u00fcz il d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015f, \u0130slam x\u0259lif\u0259si il\u0259 qohumluq \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 layiq g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015fl\u0259r. D.K\u0131d\u0131r\u0259li v\u0259 Q.Babayarovun qeyd etdikl\u0259ri kimi, bu c\u0259sur t\u00fcrk tayfas\u0131n\u0131n (tayfa birliyinin) Az\u0259rbaycan, qum\u0131q, qara\u00e7ay, balkar v\u0259 Kr\u0131m t\u00fcrkl\u0259rinin etnik-m\u0259d\u0259ni t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli yer tutdu\u011funa \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 yoxdur.<\/p>\n G\u00d6YT\u00dcRK \u0130MPER\u0130YASI V\u018f O\u011eUZLAR<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n Amma, etiraf etm\u0259liyik ki, s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n d\u00f6vrd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn t\u00fcrk areal\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n q\u00fcdr\u0259tli d\u00f6vl\u0259ti G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk imperiyas\u0131 idi. T\u0259qrib\u0259n 200 illik siyasi varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 (Birinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131: 552-630; \u0130kinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131: 682-745) \u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 \u00c7inin c\u0259nub s\u0259rh\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259n q\u0259rbd\u0259 X\u0259z\u0259r d\u0259nizi v\u0259 Qara d\u0259niz sahill\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r uzanaraq Bizans\u0131n qon\u015fulu\u011funa \u00e7atan, \u0259halisi bir \u00e7ox t\u00fcrk v\u0259 qeyri-t\u00fcrk etnik \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fc birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin yaranmas\u0131 VI \u0259srd\u0259 Orxon v\u0259 Talas vadil\u0259rind\u0259 (indiki Monqolustan) A\u015fina adl\u0131 bir t\u00fcrk boyunun (q\u0259dim \u0259fsan\u0259y\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0259ll\u0259ri v\u0259 ayaqlar\u0131 k\u0259sil\u0259r\u0259k bozq\u0131ra at\u0131lm\u0131\u015f \u201cson t\u00fcrk\u201dl\u0259 onu \u00f6lm\u0259kd\u0259n xilas ed\u0259n \u201cg\u00f6y b\u00f6r\u00fc\u201dd\u0259n – m\u00fcq\u0259dd\u0259s qurddan t\u00f6r\u0259y\u0259n Asena\/A\u00e7\u0131na\/ A\u015fina soyu t\u00fcrkl\u0259rin mifik-totemik babalar\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r) jujanlar \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u00e7almas\u0131 il\u0259 \u0259laq\u0259l\u0259ndirilir. Bel\u0259 ki, h\u0259l\u0259 eram\u0131z\u0131n 155-ci ilin\u0259 do\u011fru hunlar buradak\u0131 hakim m\u00f6vqel\u0259rini sienpil\u0259r\u0259 (monqoldilli syanbil\u0259r\u0259), onlar is\u0259 juan-juanlara (jujanlara) t\u0259rk etmi\u015fdil\u0259r. L.Qumilyovun \u201cQ\u0259dim t\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u201d \u0259s\u0259rind\u0259 qeyd olundu\u011funa g\u00f6r\u0259, A\u015fina ail\u0259si Xesi hakimi, hun knyaz\u0131 Mu\u011fan\u0131n t\u0259b\u0259\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n olub, hunlar\u0131n v\u0259 syanbil\u0259rin \u00e7inlil\u0259rd\u0259n ald\u0131qlar\u0131 \u015eensi \u0259yal\u0259tinin q\u0259rb hiss\u0259sind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131rd\u0131. 439-cu ild\u0259 tobalar hunlara qalib g\u0259l\u0259r\u0259k Xesini Vey imperiyas\u0131na birl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259nd\u0259 knyaz A\u015fina \u201c500 ail\u0259\u201d il\u0259 (alimin fikrinc\u0259, bu r\u0259q\u0259m \u00fcslubi q\u0259libdir v\u0259 \u0259slind\u0259 \u201cazsayl\u0131\u201d m\u0259nas\u0131n\u0131 verir) jujanlar\u0131n yan\u0131na qa\u00e7d\u0131 v\u0259 Altay da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131n c\u0259nubunda yerl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, onlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn d\u0259mir emal etm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131. L.Qumilyov A\u015fina ail\u0259sini \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 syanbi v\u0259 hun knyazl\u0131qlar\u0131 il\u0259 yola getm\u0259y\u0259n qo\u00e7aq adamlardan ibar\u0259t bir orda hesab edir (baxmayaraq ki, tam bir A\u015fina Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z a\u00e7an ara\u015fd\u0131r\u0131c\u0131lar da yox deyil). Onun fikrinc\u0259, \u00e7inlil\u0259r A\u015fina b\u0259yl\u0259rinin \u00a0t\u0259b\u0259\u0259l\u0259rini tu-kyu adland\u0131r\u0131rd\u0131lar: \u201cBu s\u00f6z Pelyo t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u201ct\u00fcrk\u00fct\u201d, y\u0259ni, \u201ct\u00fcrkl\u0259r\u201d kimi u\u011furlu a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n Tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131qda q\u0259bul olunmu\u015f q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, 552-ci ild\u0259 A\u015fina b\u0259yi Bum\u0131n jujanlar\u0131 m\u0259\u011flubiyy\u0259t\u0259 u\u011fradaraq \u0130l-xan titulunu q\u0259bul edir ki, G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n qurulmas\u0131 da h\u0259min ild\u0259n hesablan\u0131r (L.Qumilyov is\u0259 Birinci Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 546-658-ci ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rir). D\u00f6vl\u0259tin q\u00fcdr\u0259ti artd\u0131qca onun \u0259razil\u0259rinin Uzaq \u015e\u0259rqd\u0259n \u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz boylar\u0131na, C\u0259nubi Sibird\u0259n Xorasana v\u0259 \u015eimali Hindistana q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fcd\u00fcy\u00fc bildirilir. G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u0259sas inzibati m\u0259rk\u0259zl\u0259ri kimi paytaxt \u00d6t\u00fck\u0259nl\u0259 (m\u00fcasir Monqolustan) yana\u015f\u0131, Suyab v\u0259 Taraz (Yeddisu b\u00f6lg\u0259si), Cabquk\u0259nd v\u0259 Xatunk\u0259nd (Da\u015fk\u0259nd) kimi \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259r d\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rilir. M\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259hz bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin m\u00f6vcudlu\u011fu d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 M\u0259rk\u0259zi Asiya v\u0259 \u0259traf b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin- Volqa \u00e7ay\u0131ndan Xorasana v\u0259 \u00c7in\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f \u0259razil\u0259rin \u201cT\u00fcrk\u00fcstan\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 deyilir. Orxon-Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 dig\u0259r tarixi m\u0259x\u0259zl\u0259rd\u0259 G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Bum\u0131n, Mu\u011fan, \u0130st\u0259mi, Kutluq \u0130lteri\u015f, Kapaqan v\u0259 Bilg\u0259 xaqan kimi h\u00f6kmdarlar\u0131n\u0131n, habel\u0259 v\u0259zir (\u201cayqu\u00e7\u0131\u201d) Tonyukuk, \u015fahzad\u0259 v\u0259 s\u0259rk\u0259rd\u0259 G\u00fclt\u0259kin (\u201cK\u00fcl-tigin\u201d) kimi tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f d\u00f6vl\u0259t xadiml\u0259rinin adlar\u0131 \u0259b\u0259dil\u0259\u015fdirilib.<\/p>\n Q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259\u015fkilat\u0131 qaydas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259ti iki cinahdan- \u015f\u0259rq v\u0259 q\u0259rb xaqanl\u0131qlar\u0131ndan t\u0259\u015fkil olunmu\u015fdu. \u201cAltay sistemi\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lan v\u0259 \u0259sas\u0131n\u0131n O\u011fuz Xaqan t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n qoyuldu\u011fu bildiril\u0259n analoji hakimiyy\u0259t qurulu\u015funun \u0259srl\u0259rl\u0259 davam ed\u0259r\u0259k ilk t\u00fcrk-\u0130slam d\u00f6vl\u0259ti olan Qaraxanil\u0259rd\u0259 (840-1212) d\u0259 g\u00f6zl\u0259nildiyi m\u0259lumdur.<\/p>\n \u015e\u0259rqi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 C\u0259nubi Sibiri, Monqolustan\u0131, Uzaq \u015e\u0259rqi v\u0259 \u015eimali \u00c7ini \u0259hat\u0259 edir v\u0259 Bum\u0131n xaqan\u0131n \u00f6vladlar\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n idar\u0259 olunurdu. Qarda\u015f\u0131 \u0130st\u0259mi Yab\u011fu v\u0259 onun \u00f6vladlar\u0131 is\u0259 \u00f6lk\u0259nin q\u0259rbind\u0259 (Altay da\u011flar\u0131 b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259n \u015eimali Qara d\u0259niz\u0259, Yaik (Ural) v\u0259 \u0130til (Volqa) sahill\u0259rind\u0259n \u015eimali Hindistana q\u0259d\u0259r \u0259razil\u0259rd\u0259) h\u00f6kmranl\u0131q edirdi. Q\u0259rbi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nisbi m\u00fcst\u0259qilliy\u0259 malik olsa da, B\u00f6y\u00fck Xaqana- Bum\u0131n v\u0259 s\u00fclal\u0259sin\u0259 tabe idi. B\u0259zi r\u0259smi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259 Q\u0259rbi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u201cOn-ok\u201d ad\u0131 il\u0259 ke\u00e7m\u0259si bu \u00f6lk\u0259nin m\u0259rk\u0259zi \u0259yal\u0259ti olan Jetisu b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 on-oklar\u0131n (10 t\u00fcrk tayfas\u0131ndan ibar\u0259t birlik) h\u00f6km s\u00fcrm\u0259si il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130.Q\u0259f\u0259so\u011flunun yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259, \u201c\u00d6t\u00fcken y\u00f6r\u0259sind\u0259 yurd tutan o\u011fuzlar varl\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n, \u0130st\u0259minin v\u0259 onun o\u011flu Talunun hakimiyy\u0259ti d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 \u0130li vadisi, \u0130ss\u0131k-g\u00f6l, Yeddisu v\u0259 Talas \u00e7evr\u0259sind\u0259 m\u00f6vcud olmu\u015f Q\u0259rbi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tind\u0259 g\u00f6st\u0259rmi\u015fl\u0259r. Yaln\u0131z \u0259ld\u0259ki tarixi bilgil\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, bu d\u00f6n\u0259md\u0259 onlar \u201co\u011fuz\u201d ad\u0131 il\u0259 deyil, \u201con oklar\u201d dey\u0259 tan\u0131n\u0131rlar\u201d. Zeyn\u0259b Qorxmaz is\u0259 bizansl\u0131lar\u0131n Q\u0259rbi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk o\u011fuzlar\u0131n\u0131 (\u201con oklar\u201d\u0131) \u201cuz\u201d adland\u0131rd\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131 bildirir. \u018fslind\u0259, macar alimi Qyula Nemetin m\u0259lum q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, \u201co\u011fuz\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 \u201cq\u0259bil\u0259l\u0259r\u201d anlam\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259nib (\u201cok\u201d – q\u0259bil\u0259 + c\u0259m \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi: -uz). M\u0259ntiql\u0259, \u201c\u00fc\u00e7ok\u201d, \u201cbozok\u201d kimi ifad\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259hz h\u0259min m\u0259na da\u015fla\u015f\u0131b. Ad bildirm\u0259y\u0259n \u201co\u011fuz\u201d ismi etnoloji semantikas\u0131n\u0131 sonradan qazan\u0131b: \u201cdoqquz-o\u011fuz\u201d, \u201cono\u011fur\u201d v\u0259 s.<\/p>\n \u201cO\u011fuz\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn b\u0259zi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u201co\u011fur\u201d, \u201c\u011fuz\u201d v\u0259 ya \u201cuz\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259nm\u0259si is\u0259 linqvistik qanunauy\u011funluqlarla izah edilir. Yuxar\u0131da o\u011fuzlarla hunlar\u0131n ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan s\u00f6z a\u00e7ark\u0259n Bizans tarix\u00e7isi v\u0259 diplomat\u0131 Priskin u\u011for, sara\u011fur v\u0259 ono\u011furlar\u0131 Qafqazda m\u0259skunla\u015fm\u0131\u015f hun boylar\u0131ndan hesab etdiyini xat\u0131rlatm\u0131\u015f, \u00dc.Bulduka istinadla \u201co\u011fuz\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcn \u201co\u011fur\u201d variant\u0131nda eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259lki d\u00f6vrd\u0259 \u00c7in m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259ndiyini qeyd etmi\u015fdik. A.Attar\u0131n fikrinc\u0259, \u201cerk\u0259n orta \u0259srl\u0259rd\u0259 (IV-V \u0259srl\u0259r) Orta Qazax\u0131standan X\u0259z\u0259rin v\u0259 Qara d\u0259nizin \u015fimal\u0131 boyunca \u015e\u0259rqi Avropaya q\u0259d\u0259r uzanan t\u00fcrk-ogur (o\u011fur) q\u00f6vml\u0259rinin d\u0259 o\u011fuzlar oldu\u011funa \u015f\u00fcbh\u0259 yoxdur. Bu anlamda \u00c7in qeydl\u0259rind\u0259 \u201cting-ling\u201d, \u201ckao-\u00e7e\u201d v\u0259 \u201ct\u00f6les\u201d ad\u0131 il\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 t\u00fcrk q\u00f6vml\u0259rinin d\u0259 h\u0259r biri o\u011fuz kimliyinin par\u00e7alar\u0131d\u0131r\u201d.<\/p>\n \u2022Qyula Nemetin m\u0259lum q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, \u201co\u011fuz\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fc \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 \u201cq\u0259bil\u0259l\u0259r\u201d anlam\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259nib (\u201cok\u201d – q\u0259bil\u0259 + c\u0259m \u015f\u0259kil\u00e7isi: -uz). \u201c\u00dc\u00e7ok\u201d, \u201cbozok\u201d kimi ifad\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 m\u0259hz h\u0259min m\u0259na da\u015fla\u015f\u0131b. Ad bildirm\u0259y\u0259n \u201co\u011fuz\u201d ismi etnoloji semantikas\u0131n\u0131 is\u0259 sonradan qazan\u0131b: \u201cdoqquz-o\u011fuz\u201d, \u201cono\u011fur\u201d v\u0259 s.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n \u201cO\u011fuz\u201d ad\u0131na r\u0259smi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 Birinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259r d\u00f6n\u0259min\u0259 aid Orxon-Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf olunur: Yenisey\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u0259n Barl\u0131k \u00e7ay\u0131 sahilind\u0259ki birinci kitab\u0259d\u0259 \u201cAlt\u0131 O\u011fuz bodunu\u201d, \u201cK\u00fcl-Tigin\u201d kitab\u0259sind\u0259 is\u0259 \u201cDokuz o\u011fuz\u201d etnoniml\u0259ri i\u015fl\u0259nir. Birinci kitab\u0259d\u0259n b\u0259hs ed\u0259n \u00dc.Bulduk yaz\u0131r: \u201cVII \u0259sr\u0259 aid Yenisey kitab\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n birind\u0259 Alp Turan\u0131n 13 ya\u015f\u0131nda ik\u0259n \u201calt\u0131 o\u011fuz budunundan\u201d ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 deyilir. Buradan d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259k olar ki, VI \u0259srd\u0259 o\u011fuzlar 6 boy \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 Barl\u0131k irma\u011f\u0131 sahill\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fam\u0131\u015flar. Ancaq onlar\u0131n yaln\u0131z 6 boydan ibar\u0259t olduqlar\u0131, yoxsa bu ifad\u0259nin ancaq Barl\u0131k irma\u011f\u0131 sahill\u0259rind\u0259 ya\u015fayanlara aid olmas\u0131 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259si h\u0259l\u0259 ayd\u0131nla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lmay\u0131b\u201d. Yeri d\u00fc\u015fm\u00fc\u015fk\u0259n, onu da qeyd ed\u0259k ki, abid\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 o\u011fuzlar\u0131n \u201c\u00fc\u00e7 o\u011fuz\u201d, \u201calt\u0131 o\u011fuz\u201d, \u201cdoqquz o\u011fuz\u201d \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 xat\u0131rlanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u0259sas\u0259n tayfa sisteminin \u00f6z\u0259llikl\u0259ri v\u0259 sosial-demoqrafik amill\u0259rl\u0259 ba\u011flayan ara\u015fd\u0131rma\u00e7\u0131lar da az deyil. Tufan G\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u00fcn fikrinc\u0259, o\u011fuz boylar\u0131n\u0131n \u0259halisi artib-azald\u0131qca ortaya yeni boylar \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r, b\u0259zi boylar is\u0259 ba\u015fqalar\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ind\u0259 \u0259riyirdi. Siyasi n\u00fcfuzu v\u0259 g\u00fcc\u00fc y\u00fcks\u0259l\u0259nl\u0259r boy birliyind\u0259 \u00f6z adlar\u0131 il\u0259 t\u0259msil olunur (y\u0259ni ayr\u0131ca boy say\u0131l\u0131r), z\u0259ifl\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r is\u0259 bu haqq\u0131n\u0131 itirirdi. Odur ki, bel\u0259 hallar siyasi, iqtisadi, h\u0259rbi v\u0259 s. faktorlar n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmaqla o\u011fuzlar\u0131n \u00fcm\u00fcmi v\u0259ziyy\u0259tinin g\u00f6st\u0259ricisi kimi qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilm\u0259lidir.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrkiy\u0259 tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u0130.Q\u0259f\u0259so\u011flu v\u0259 \u00dc.Bulduk da daxil olmaqla \u0259ks\u0259r aliml\u0259r G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin z\u0259ifl\u0259yib \u00c7inin n\u0259zar\u0259ti alt\u0131na d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fcy\u00fc 630-cu ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n Tola-Selenqa \u00e7aylar\u0131 h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259 ya\u015fayan\u00a0 boylar\u0131n birl\u0259\u015f\u0259r\u0259k, Doqquz O\u011fuz Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qurmas\u0131 fikrini q\u0259bul edirll\u0259r. \u018f.Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l\u0131n n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rinc\u0259, 626-c\u0131 ild\u0259n etibar\u0259n Birinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakimiyy\u0259t z\u0259ifl\u0259m\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f v\u0259 bu da d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 9 o\u011fuz boyunun (\u00c7in qaynaqlar\u0131nda \u201dchiou-hsing\u201d=\u201cdoqquz q\u0259bil\u0259\u201d) ba\u015f qald\u0131rmas\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b olmu\u015fdur. Doqquz O\u011fuz Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n qurulmas\u0131nda \u0259trafda ya\u015fayan, lakin siyasi \u015f\u0259raitin diqt\u0259si il\u0259 G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tin\u0259 qat\u0131lmayan qohum tayfalar\u0131n i\u015ftirak\u0131 da istisna edilmir. H\u0259r bir halda \u00d6t\u00fckeni hakimiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri alt\u0131na alan asi o\u011fuzlar uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259ti il\u0259 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 aparm\u0131\u015f, Xaqanlar onlar\u0131 ita\u0259t alt\u0131na almaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn m\u00fcxt\u0259lif \u00fcsullara \u0259l atm\u0131\u015flar. Misal \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn, 634-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u0130\u015fbara \u00f6lk\u0259ni 10 yer\u0259 b\u00f6l\u0259r\u0259k, \u201conlu t\u0259\u015fkilatlanma sistemi\u201d t\u0259tbiq etmi\u015fdir (\u00e7ox g\u00fcman ki, g\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259rin \u201con-ok\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 da bundan sonra ba\u015f verir).\u00a0Lakin o\u011fuzlar\u0131n m\u0259rk\u0259zi hakamiyy\u0259tl\u0259 ixtilaf\u0131 bununla da bitm\u0259mi\u015f, m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 \u0130n\u0259kl\u0259r d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u0259 (682-ci il) q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f v\u0259 yaln\u0131z bu d\u00f6y\u00fc\u015fd\u0259n sonra \u0130lteri\u015f Xaqana (Kutlu\u011f Xaqan) m\u0259\u011flub olan o\u011fuzlar \u0130kinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin t\u0259rkibin\u0259 daxil edilmi\u015fl\u0259r.\u00a0Yenisey h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259 o\u011fuz b\u0259yl\u0259rinin m\u0259zar da\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n olmas\u0131 onlar\u0131n burada da \u00f6n\u0259mli yer tutduqlar\u0131na d\u0259lal\u0259t edir.<\/p>\n \u2022\u201cO\u011fuz\u201d ad\u0131na r\u0259smi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ilk d\u0259f\u0259 Birinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259r d\u00f6n\u0259min\u0259 aid Orxon-Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259sad\u00fcf olunur: Yenisey\u0259 t\u00f6k\u00fcl\u0259n Barl\u0131k \u00e7ay\u0131 sahilind\u0259ki birinci kitab\u0259d\u0259 \u201cAlt\u0131 O\u011fuz bodunu\u201d, \u201cK\u00fcl-Tigin\u201d kitab\u0259sind\u0259 is\u0259 \u201cDokuz o\u011fuz\u201d etnoniml\u0259ri i\u015fl\u0259nir.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n Diqq\u0259t yetirilm\u0259si laz\u0131m g\u0259l\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir m\u0259qam L.Qumilyovun Birinci Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201ct\u00fcrk\u00fct d\u00f6vl\u0259ti\u201d hesab etm\u0259sidir. Maraql\u0131d\u0131r ki, \u015eirvan\u015fahlar tarixin\u0259 h\u0259sr etdiyi fundamental monoqrafiyas\u0131nda S. A\u015furb\u0259yli d\u0259 t\u00fcrk\u00fct d\u00f6vl\u0259tind\u0259n s\u00f6z a\u00e7m\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. \u018fs\u0259rin \u201cVI \u0259srd\u0259 t\u00fcrkdilli tayfalar\u0131n Albaniyaya g\u0259lm\u0259l\u0259rinin x\u00fcsusil\u0259 intensiv \u015f\u0259kil almas\u0131\u201d b\u0259hsind\u0259 deyilir: \u201cM\u0259lumdur ki, t\u00fcrkl\u0259r (t\u00fcrk\u00fctl\u0259r) \u015f\u0259rqd\u0259 \u00c7in\u0259, q\u0259rbd\u0259 is\u0259 Qafqaza v\u0259 Bizansa q\u0259d\u0259r uzan\u0131b ged\u0259n imperiya yaratm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. VI \u0259srin ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda onlar Qafqaza lap yax\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Art\u0131q bu vaxta q\u0259d\u0259r Qafqazdan ke\u00e7\u0259n yol onlara b\u0259lli idi. Bel\u0259 ki, Bizansl\u0131 Menandr\u0131n (VI \u0259sr) verdiyi x\u0259b\u0259r\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, t\u00fcrk\u00fct xaqan\u0131 Dizavul (\u0130st\u0259mi) \u0130ranla, sonra is\u0259 Bizansla ip\u0259k ticar\u0259ti yaratmaq m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 568-ci ild\u0259 Altaydan s\u0259firlik g\u00f6nd\u0259rmi\u015fdi. H\u0259min s\u0259firlik Qafqaz da\u011flar\u0131n\u0131 a\u015faraq Bizansa g\u0259lib \u00e7\u0131xm\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u201d. S\u00f6hb\u0259tin Q\u0259rbi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n h\u00f6kmdar\u0131 \u0130st\u0259mi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n g\u00f6nd\u0259rilmi\u015f el\u00e7il\u0259rd\u0259n getdiyi ayd\u0131nd\u0131r. Deyil\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259n sonra, \u201ct\u00fcrk\u00fct d\u00f6vl\u0259ti\u201d v\u0259 \u201con-ok\u201d terminl\u0259rini Birinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda etnik-siyasi dominantl\u0131q da\u015f\u0131yan o\u011fuz tayfa birlikl\u0259rinin g\u00f6st\u0259ricisi hesab ed\u0259n t\u0259dqiqat\u00e7\u0131lara haqq verm\u0259m\u0259k, a\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131, m\u00fcmk\u00fcn deyil. T\u00fcrk tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda q\u0259bul edilmi\u015f \u00fcmumi q\u0259na\u0259t\u0259 \u0259sas\u0259n, \u201co\u011fuzlar\u0131n q\u0259rb qolu olan o\u011furlar boy birliyi \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 ya\u015fay\u0131r v\u0259 \u201cbudun\u201d adlanan bu federasiyalar \u00e7ox zaman onlara daxil olan boylar\u0131n say\u0131 il\u0259 tan\u0131n\u0131rd\u0131: \u201conogur\u201d (10 o\u011fur), \u201cbittigur\u201d (5 o\u011fur), \u201caltziogur\u201d (6 o\u011fur), \u201csattagur\u201d (7 o\u011fur), \u201ckutrigur\u201d (9 o\u011fur), \u201cutigur\u201d (30 o\u011fur) v\u0259 s.\u201d (\u018fli \u018fhm\u0259db\u0259yo\u011flu).<\/p>\n Burada L.N.Qumilyovun ba\u015fqa bir fikrini d\u0259 yaddan \u00e7\u0131xarmaq olmaz ki, s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n d\u00f6vrd\u0259 t\u00fcrk etnoslar\u0131 t\u0259kc\u0259 t\u00fcrk\u00fctl\u0259rd\u0259n ibar\u0259t olmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r: \u201cT\u00fcrk dili m\u00fchiti h\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 (VI \u0259srd\u0259-N.M.) art\u0131q Altaydan q\u0259rb\u0259 do\u011fru uzaqlara- quzlar\u0131n, kanql\u0131lar\u0131n, yaxud pe\u00e7eneql\u0259rin, q\u0259dim bulqarlar\u0131n v\u0259 hunlar\u0131n ya\u015fad\u0131qlar\u0131 \u0259razil\u0259r\u0259 yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015fd\u0131\u201d.<\/p>\n Salnam\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 s\u00f6yl\u0259nildiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259, \u0130kinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259rkibind\u0259 9 v\u0259 ya 10 boy (\u201cdoqquz o\u011fuz\u201d, \u201con o\u011fuz\u201d) \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259\u015fkilatlanan o\u011fuzlar\u0131n, Kutluq Xaqanla daha geni\u015f bir ittifaq quraraq g\u00fccl\u00fc ordu yaratm\u0131\u015f, \u00e7inlil\u0259r v\u0259 kitanlara qar\u015f\u0131 vahid m\u00f6vqe n\u00fcmayi\u015f etdirmi\u015f v\u0259 682-ci ild\u0259 Korov g\u00f6l\u00fc \u00e7evr\u0259sind\u0259 (tarixin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck sava\u015flar\u0131ndan biri say\u0131l\u0131r) Tonyukukun komandanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u00e7inlil\u0259r \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fctl\u0259q q\u0259l\u0259b\u0259 \u00e7alm\u0131\u015flar. Bununla bel\u0259, o\u011fuzlar\u0131n \u0130kinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259, x\u00fcsus\u0259n d\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259tin qurucusu \u0130lteri\u015f xaqan v\u0259 onun qarda\u015f\u0131 Kapaqan xan d\u00f6n\u0259ml\u0259rind\u0259 m\u00fcst\u0259qillik \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k, yaxud muxtariyy\u0259tl\u0259rini geni\u015fl\u0259ndirm\u0259k m\u0259qs\u0259di il\u0259 m\u0259rk\u0259zi d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00fcsyankar davrand\u0131qlar\u0131 da tarixd\u0259n m\u0259lumdur. D\u00f6vl\u0259tin z\u0259ifl\u0259m\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 699-744-c\u00fc ill\u0259r aras\u0131nda s\u00fcqut etm\u0259sin\u0259 r\u0259vac ver\u0259n amill\u0259r kimi ilk n\u00f6vb\u0259d\u0259 daxili \u00e7\u0259ki\u015fm\u0259l\u0259r (o\u011fuzlar\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcnd\u0259n qorxuya d\u00fc\u015f\u0259n \u00c7inin t\u00fcrk boylar\u0131 aras\u0131na nifaq salma c\u0259hdl\u0259ri qeyd olunmal\u0131d\u0131r), \u00fcsyanlar v\u0259 xarici t\u0259zyiql\u0259r n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n ke\u00e7irilir.<\/p>\n M\u00fcasir tarix\u015f\u00fcnasl\u0131q Q\u0259rbi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n siyasi-m\u0259n\u0259vi irsin\u0259 699-cu ild\u0259 Jetisu v\u0259 h\u0259nd\u0259v\u0259rind\u0259 qurulmu\u015f T\u00fcrke\u015f\/T\u00fcrgi\u015f\u00a0Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sahib \u00e7\u0131xd\u0131\u011f\u0131 q\u0259na\u0259tind\u0259dir. Bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin \u201con-ok\u201dlardan say\u0131lan eyniadl\u0131 tayfan\u0131n liderliyi il\u0259 yarand\u0131\u011f\u0131 (\u0130.Q\u0259f\u0259so\u011flu v\u0259 b.), 766-c\u0131 il\u0259d\u0259k m\u00f6vcud oldu\u011fu (paytaxt\u0131 Suyab \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri) bildirilir. Art\u0131q qeyd olundu\u011fu kimi, bir \u00e7ox tan\u0131nm\u0131\u015f aliml\u0259r o\u011fuzlar\u0131n atalar\u0131 kimi t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259ri g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcr, \u201ctarixi ard\u0131c\u0131ll\u0131q n\u00f6qteyi-n\u0259z\u0259rind\u0259n turgi\u015fl\u0259rin davam\u0131 olaraq o\u011fuzlar\u0131 g\u00f6rm\u0259yi daha do\u011fru\u201d hesab edirl\u0259r. \u018f.Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l yaz\u0131r: \u201cH\u0259r n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r o\u011fuzlar\u0131n Seyhun (S\u0131rd\u0259rya) boylar\u0131na 775-785-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 (X\u0259lif\u0259 \u0259l-Mehdi zaman\u0131nda) g\u0259ldikl\u0259ri t\u0259xmin edils\u0259 d\u0259, tarixi prosesl\u0259r onlar\u0131n t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259rin varisi oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnm\u0259y\u0259 \u0259sas verir\u201d. \u018f.B.\u018frcilasunun fikrinc\u0259: \u201c\u0130st\u0259mi Ka\u011fan\u0131n idar\u0259 etdiyi Q\u0259rbi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259r t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259rin atalar\u0131 oldu\u011fu \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn onlar\u0131 da o\u011fuzlar\u0131n babalar\u0131 q\u0259bul ed\u0259 bil\u0259rik\u201d. Ba\u015flan\u011f\u0131c d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 (G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259r zaman\u0131-N.M.) o\u011fuzlar\u0131n be\u015fi \u201cnu-\u015fe-pi\u201d, be\u015fi is\u0259 \u201ctu-lu\u201d olmaq \u00fczr\u0259 10 q\u0259bil\u0259d\u0259n ibar\u0259t oldu\u011funu yazan alim onlar\u0131n etnik t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcn\u00fcn Seyhun boylar\u0131na k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259nd\u0259n sonra tamamland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 Mahmud Ka\u015f\u011fari l\u00fc\u011f\u0259tind\u0259 q\u0259bil\u0259l\u0259rin say\u0131n\u0131n 24-\u0259 \u00e7atd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259xmin edir.<\/p>\n Z\u0259nnimizc\u0259, G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n etnik t\u0259rkib v\u0259 miras\u0131ndan dan\u0131\u015fark\u0259n R\u0259\u015fad G\u0259ncin bir m\u00fch\u00fcm m\u00fclahiz\u0259sini d\u0259 xat\u0131rlatmamaq olmaz. Bilg\u0259 xaqan\u0131n o\u011fuzlar haqq\u0131nda dedikl\u0259rin\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u0259m\u0259xsus \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 yozum ver\u0259n alim q\u0259tiyy\u0259tli \u015f\u0259rhl\u0259ri il\u0259 diqq\u0259t \u00e7\u0259kir: \u201cN\u0259 deyir Bilg\u0259 xaqan? Deyir ki, \u201co\u011fuz budunu k\u0259ndi budunum idi\u201d. G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259rin o\u011fuz d\u00f6vl\u0259ti oldu\u011funa dair bundan daha b\u00f6y\u00fck d\u0259lil-s\u00fcbut g\u0259tirm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcrm\u00fc? Deyir: \u201cT\u00fcrk-o\u011fuz b\u0259yl\u0259ri, budunum, e\u015fidin\u201d. B\u0259yl\u0259r\u0259 c\u0259m \u015f\u0259klind\u0259, buduna t\u0259kd\u0259 xitab edir. Bir budun var \u00e7\u00fcnki\u201d.<\/p>\n \u015e\u0259rqi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na g\u0259linc\u0259, bu d\u00f6vl\u0259tin 744-c\u00fc ild\u0259 basmil, karluk v\u0259 uy\u011fur boylar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcsyan\u0131 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 ortadan qalxd\u0131\u011f\u0131 v\u0259 onun yerind\u0259 Kutluq Bilg\u0259 K\u00fcl xaqan\u0131n ba\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 il\u0259 Uy\u011fur Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n (745-840) yarad\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bildirilir (paytaxt\u0131 Ordubal\u0131k \u015f\u0259h\u0259ri).\u00a0 F.S\u00fcm\u0259rin fikrinc\u0259, \u00fcsyan\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n \u0259sas q\u00fcvv\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n olan o\u011fuzlar G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259ri sars\u0131tmalar\u0131na baxmayaraq, \u00f6zl\u0259ri d\u0259 g\u00fccd\u0259n d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fckl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn hakimiyy\u0259t\u0259 uy\u011furlar g\u0259lmi\u015f, onlar is\u0259\u00a0 d\u00f6vl\u0259tin ikinci m\u00fch\u00fcm sosial g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259\u015fkil etmi\u015fl\u0259r. \u00dc.Bulduk \u0259r\u0259b m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7ox vaxt Uy\u011fur Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n da \u201cdoqquz o\u011fuz\u201d, \u201cdoqquz \u011fuz\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vur\u011fulay\u0131r v\u0259 bunu \u201cd\u00f6vl\u0259td\u0259 t\u0259m\u0259l \u00fcns\u00fcr\u00fcn\u201d o\u011fuzlar olmas\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259lili hesab edir. \u018fr\u0259b m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rini \u0259sas g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u0259n \u018f.Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l da uy\u011furlar\u0131n \u00f6z d\u00f6vl\u0259tl\u0259rini \u201cdoqquz o\u011fuzlar \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 qurdu\u011funu\u201d yaz\u0131r. T\u0259dqiqatlarda o\u011fuzlar\u0131n Uy\u011fur d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin dig\u0259r qurucu boylar\u0131 il\u0259 yola getm\u0259dikl\u0259ri, ara-s\u0131ra m\u00fcst\u0259qillik m\u00fcbariz\u0259sin\u0259 qalx\u0131b \u00fcsyan etdikl\u0259ri tez-tez vur\u011fulan\u0131r: \u201cO\u011fuzlar eyn\u0259n G\u00f6yt\u00fcrkl\u0259rl\u0259 oldu\u011fu kimi, Uy\u011fur d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin qurucular\u0131 il\u0259 d\u0259 m\u00fccadil\u0259 etmi\u015fl\u0259r v\u0259 bu m\u00fccadil\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 Orxon b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259n k\u00f6\u00e7 etm\u0259k zorunda qalm\u0131\u015flar\u201d (\u00dc.Bulduk). Unutmaq olmaz ki, \u0130kinci G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259tinin y\u0131x\u0131lmas\u0131 il\u0259 q\u0259rb\u0259 v\u0259 \u00c7in\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7\u0259n o\u011fuz qruplar\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si \u00e7ox ke\u00e7m\u0259d\u0259n \u00d6t\u00fcken\u0259 qay\u0131daraq Uy\u011fur v\u0259 T\u00fcrgi\u015f\u00a0 Xaqanl\u0131qlar\u0131nda birl\u0259\u015fmi\u015fdil\u0259r v\u0259 bunun da o\u011fuzlar\u0131n g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u0259 g\u00fcc qatd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayd\u0131nd\u0131r. Lakin g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr, n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00fccl\u0259ns\u0259l\u0259r bel\u0259, hakimiyy\u0259ti \u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7ir\u0259 bilm\u0259mi\u015fl\u0259r.<\/p>\n T\u0259xmin\u0259n 760-766-c\u0131 ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7inlil\u0259rin t\u0259zyiqi alt\u0131nda q\u0259rb\u0259 s\u0131x\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u0131lan karluklar o\u011fuzlar\u0131n Talas, Yeddisu, \u00c7u, \u0130ss\u0131k-g\u00f6l \u0259traflar\u0131nda v\u0259 \u0130li vadisind\u0259 m\u0259skunla\u015fd\u0131qlar\u0131 yaylalar\u0131 z\u0259bt etdil\u0259r. Bu iki t\u00fcrk birliyi aras\u0131nda toqqu\u015fmalar karluklar\u0131n T\u00fcrgi\u015f, ondan da qabaq Q\u0259rbi G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk \u00f6lk\u0259si torpaqlar\u0131na hakim olmalar\u0131, o\u011fuzlar\u0131n is\u0259 bu \u0259razil\u0259ri t\u0259rk etm\u0259l\u0259ri il\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259l\u0259ndi (karluklarla kim\u0259kl\u0259r aras\u0131nda m\u00fcharib\u0259nin q\u0131z\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 da prosesl\u0259ri s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259ndir\u0259n x\u00fcsus kimi n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r). Bununla t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259r tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sind\u0259n \u00e7\u0259kilmi\u015f, \u201c766-c\u0131 ild\u0259n sonra \u201ct\u00fcrgi\u015f\u201d ad\u0131 (v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 ed\u0259k ki, tarixi-m\u0259d\u0259ni irsi-N.M.) \u00f6z yerini \u201co\u011fuz\u201d ad\u0131na buraxm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r. Q\u0259rbi O\u011fuzlar\u0131n tarixi bel\u0259c\u0259 ba\u015flam\u0131\u015fd\u0131r\u201d. (\u018f.Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l)<\/p>\n T\u0259qrib\u0259n eyni ill\u0259rd\u0259 Uy\u011fur d\u00f6vl\u0259ti d\u0259 s\u00fcqut etdi (766-c\u0131 ild\u0259 hakimiyy\u0259t karluklara, 840-c\u0131 ild\u0259 is\u0259 q\u0131r\u011f\u0131zlara ke\u00e7di). N.N\u0259sibli bu hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n sonra o\u011fuzlar\u0131n o vaxta q\u0259d\u0259r g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259r hal\u0131nda miqrasiya etdikl\u0259rini yaz\u0131r v\u0259 bunu \u201c\u0259sl b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u00f6\u00e7\u201d adland\u0131r\u0131r: \u201cAsiyan\u0131n h\u0259r t\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259, amma daha k\u00fctl\u0259vi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 q\u0259rb\u0259 k\u00f6\u00e7d\u00fcl\u0259r v\u0259 burada \u0259vv\u0259lki qanda\u015flar\u0131 il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdil\u0259r\u201d. Karluklar qar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda geri \u00e7\u0259kil\u0259n o\u011fuzlar\u0131n \u0259sas\u0259n Seyhun (S\u0131rd\u0131rya) \u00e7ay\u0131n\u0131n a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 yataqlar\u0131nda, bir q\u0259d\u0259r \u015fimaldak\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6ll\u00fckl\u0259rd\u0259 v\u0259 Aral g\u00f6l\u00fc h\u00f6vz\u0259sind\u0259 daha b\u00f6y\u00fck k\u00fctl\u0259l\u0259r \u015f\u0259klind\u0259 t\u0259m\u0259rk\u00fczl\u0259\u015fdikl\u0259ri m\u0259lumdur. Bununla bel\u0259, ke\u00e7mi\u015f o\u011fuz yurdunda yaranm\u0131\u015f Karluk Yab\u011fulu\u011funda v\u0259 Q\u0131r\u011f\u0131z Xaqanl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n miqdarda o\u011fuzlar\u0131n qald\u0131\u011f\u0131 da, s\u00f6zs\u00fcz ki, n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259n qa\u00e7mamal\u0131d\u0131r (h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 v\u0259 h\u0259r yerd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r\u0259 r\u0259\u011fm\u0259n \u00f6yr\u0259\u015fdiyi co\u011frafiyan\u0131 t\u0259rk etm\u0259k ist\u0259m\u0259y\u0259nl\u0259r olur v\u0259 bu, bir qanunauy\u011funluqdur).<\/p>\n G\u00f6yt\u00fcrk imperiyas\u0131nda o\u011fuzlar\u0131n dominantl\u0131\u011f\u0131 dil\u00e7ilik materiallar\u0131 il\u0259 d\u0259 t\u0259sdiqini tap\u0131r. H\u0259l\u0259 ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srin 70-ci ill\u0259rind\u0259 g\u00f6rk\u0259mli sovet t\u00fcrkoloqu \u018fdh\u0259m Teni\u015fev yaz\u0131rd\u0131: “Yaln\u0131z genetik prinsipl\u0259ri \u0259ld\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259r tutaraq s\u00f6z\u00fcged\u0259n dili (Orxon-Yenisey kitab\u0259l\u0259rinin dilini-N.M.) “q\u0259dim o\u011fuz dili”, “m\u00fcasir C\u0259nubi t\u00fcrk dill\u0259rinin \u0259cdad\u0131” v\u0259 ya ba\u015fqa bir dil hesab etm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmazd\u0131. O n\u0259 bu, n\u0259 dig\u0259ri, n\u0259 d\u0259 h\u0259r hans\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcnc\u00fcs\u00fc deyil. Run abid\u0259l\u0259rinin dili qar\u0131\u015f\u0131q (o\u011fuz-uy\u011fur) t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259 malik q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk koyne yaz\u0131s\u0131, t\u00fcrk dill\u0259ri tarixind\u0259 ilk \u0259d\u0259bi variantd\u0131r”. 50 il bundan \u0259vv\u0259l s\u00f6yl\u0259nmi\u015f bu fikrin \u201ckifay\u0259t q\u0259d\u0259r c\u0259sar\u0259tli\u201d oldu\u011funu bildir\u0259n (\u201cT\u00fcrkl\u0259ri yeni yaranm\u0131\u015f xalqlar say\u0131b onlar\u0131n q\u0259dim m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tini tamamil\u0259 inkar ed\u0259n sovet ideologiyas\u0131n\u0131n h\u00f6km s\u00fcrd\u00fcy\u00fc bir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk dilinin “ilk \u0259d\u0259bi varinat\u0131”ndan b\u0259hs etm\u0259k h\u0259r t\u00fcrkoloqun i\u015fi deyildi\u201d) N.C\u0259f\u0259rov qeyd edir ki, \u201cBu c\u0259sar\u0259tin tarixi \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tini qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirm\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, t\u00fckc\u0259nin daha \u0259vv\u0259lki d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 \u0259d\u0259bi dil t\u00f6r\u0259tm\u0259k ehtimal\u0131na g\u00f6z yummaq da do\u011fru olmazd\u0131\u201d. Bel\u0259 ki, \u201cq\u0259dim t\u00fcrk \u0259d\u0259bi dilinin 3 \u0259sas m\u0259tnini – Bilg\u0259 Tonyukuk (720), K\u00fcl-tiqin (732) v\u0259 Bilg\u0259 xaqan (734) \u015f\u0259r\u0259fin\u0259 qoyulmu\u015f da\u015f kitab\u0259l\u0259ri\u201d, el\u0259c\u0259 d\u0259 Ongin, Moyun-\u00c7ur, Kuli-\u00c7ur m\u0259tnl\u0259rini \u0259trafl\u0131 t\u0259hlil ed\u0259n Az\u0259rbaycan alimi bir q\u0259d\u0259r f\u0259rqli n\u0259tic\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xar\u0131r: \u201cOrxon kitab\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6z \u0259ksini tapm\u0131\u015f son d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259 g\u00fccl\u00fc milli t\u0259\u0259ss\u00fcbke\u015flik hissi g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, t\u00fcrkc\u0259nin t\u00fcrk c\u0259miyy\u0259tind\u0259 b\u00f6y\u00fck \u0259d\u0259bi n\u00fcfuz qazanmas\u0131n\u0131n etnik m\u00fct\u0259\u015f\u0259kkillikl\u0259 \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259n\u0259n m\u00f6hk\u0259m siyasi-ideoloji \u0259saslar\u0131 olmu\u015fdur. Q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk \u0259d\u0259bi dili o\u011fuz koynesi \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl tapsa da, dig\u0259r t\u00fcrk tayfa dill\u0259rinin (dialektl\u0259rinin) x\u00fcsusiyy\u0259tl\u0259rini d\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 ehtiva etdiyin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 \u00fcmumt\u00fcrk xarakteri da\u015f\u0131y\u0131r. H\u0259r\u00e7\u0259nd \u018fdh\u0259m Teni\u015fev bu fikird\u0259dir ki, IX \u0259srd\u0259n formala\u015fan uy\u011fur \u0259d\u0259bi dili d\u0259 q\u0259dim t\u00fcrk \u0259d\u0259bi dilinin – “run koynesinin varisidir”, ancaq bu m\u00fclahiz\u0259, fikrimizc\u0259, m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n d\u0259qiql\u0259\u015fm\u0259 ist\u0259yir\u201d.<\/p>\n N.MUSTAFA<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" (II yaz\u0131) BABAMIN BABASININ… ULU BABALARI Bu g\u00fcn \u015e\u0259rqi Avropadan \u00c7in\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f bir sah\u0259y\u0259 yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f o\u011fuzlar\u0131n tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmalar\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n t\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyinin, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259, inki\u015faf\u0131nda, t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131nda m\u00fcst\u0259sna rol oynad\u0131qlar\u0131 inkaredilm\u0259z h\u0259qiq\u0259tdir. Faruk S\u00fcm\u0259r, H\u00fcseyn Salman, \u018fhm\u0259d Bican \u018frcilasun, \u018fhm\u0259d Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l kimi n\u00fcfuzlu t\u00fcrkoloqlar Orxon-Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 istinadla o\u011fuzlar\u0131n babas\u0131 kimi t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259ri q\u0259bul edirl\u0259r. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da bu x\u00fcsusdan \u0259trafl\u0131 b\u0259hs a\u00e7aca\u011f\u0131q. Amma ayd\u0131n m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259dir ki, t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259r VII \u0259srd\u0259 Tanr\u0131 da\u011f\u0131 (Tyan-\u015ean) b\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 bird\u0259n-bir\u0259 z\u00fchur etm\u0259mi\u015fdil\u0259r, nec\u0259 dey\u0259rl\u0259r, yerd\u0259n \u00e7\u0131xmam\u0131\u015fd\u0131lar. Son t\u0259dqiqatlar onlar\u0131n q\u0259dim d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259n bir \u00e7ox t\u00fcrk boy birlikl\u0259rinin t\u0259rkibind\u0259…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":653722,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504.jpg",975,540,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504.jpg",975,540,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504.jpg",975,540,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504-500x280.jpg",500,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504-660x365.jpg",660,365,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504-840x465.jpg",640,354,true],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504.jpg",975,540,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504.jpg",975,540,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/11\/f7dafc45169929505061128540410204504.jpg",975,540,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"G\u00fcnd\u0259m<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"(II yaz\u0131) BABAMIN BABASININ… ULU BABALARI Bu g\u00fcn \u015e\u0259rqi Avropadan \u00c7in\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r geni\u015f bir sah\u0259y\u0259 yay\u0131lm\u0131\u015f o\u011fuzlar\u0131n tarix s\u0259hn\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xmalar\u0131ndan etibar\u0259n t\u00fcrk d\u00f6vl\u0259t\u00e7iliyinin, m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tinin t\u0259\u015f\u0259kk\u00fcl\u00fcnd\u0259, inki\u015faf\u0131nda, t\u00fcrk xalqlar\u0131n\u0131n formala\u015fmas\u0131nda m\u00fcst\u0259sna rol oynad\u0131qlar\u0131 inkaredilm\u0259z h\u0259qiq\u0259tdir. Faruk S\u00fcm\u0259r, H\u00fcseyn Salman, \u018fhm\u0259d Bican \u018frcilasun, \u018fhm\u0259d Ta\u015fa\u011f\u0131l kimi n\u00fcfuzlu t\u00fcrkoloqlar Orxon-Yenisey abid\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 istinadla o\u011fuzlar\u0131n babas\u0131 kimi t\u00fcrgi\u015fl\u0259ri q\u0259bul edirl\u0259r.…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653720"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=653720"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/653720\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/653722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=653720"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=653720"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=653720"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}