Beton bu g\u00fcn \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n tikinti materiallar\u0131ndan biridir. Onun ilk n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 5000 il \u0259vv\u0259l\u0259 – gil m\u0259hluldan piramidalar in\u015fa ed\u0259n Q\u0259dim Misir\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Romal\u0131lar da su il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdikd\u0259 s\u0259rtl\u0259\u015f\u0259n materialdan ilk istifad\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259r kimi tarixd\u0259 \u00f6z yerl\u0259rini tutublar. \u00c7inlil\u0259rin B\u00f6y\u00fck \u00c7in s\u0259ddinin tikintisind\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 materiallardan istifad\u0259 etdikl\u0259ri d\u0259 m\u0259lumdur. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r v\u0259 farslar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n avropal\u0131lara m\u0259lum olmayan \u201cXorasan qar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 \u00e7ox m\u00f6hk\u0259m ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131dan istifad\u0259 edilib. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc haz\u0131r betonun ilk istifad\u0259 yeri is\u0259 Almaniyad\u0131r. Almanlar 1903-c\u00fc ild\u0259 haz\u0131r beton istehsal\u0131n\u0131 realla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131blar.<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
Beton yolun y\u00fckg\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259 imkanlar\u0131 daha \u00e7oxdur<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n M\u00fcasir d\u00fcnyada beton yol v\u0259 ya d\u00f6\u015f\u0259m\u0259 \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc material\u0131 kimi \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 olunur. Betondan magistral yollar, hava limanlar\u0131n\u0131n u\u00e7u\u015f-eni\u015f zolaqlar\u0131 v\u0259 s. \u0130n\u015fa edilir. Hava limanlar\u0131nda, dem\u0259k olar ki, b\u00fct\u00fcn u\u00e7u\u015f-enm\u0259 zolaqlar\u0131 betondan haz\u0131rlan\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 beton yollardan geni\u015f istifad\u0259 olunur. M\u0259s\u0259l\u0259n, Amerikada ya\u015f\u0131 125 ild\u0259n \u00e7ox olan k\u00fc\u00e7\u0259nin \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc betondand\u0131r. Almanlar\u0131n \u0130kinci D\u00fcnya m\u00fcharib\u0259sind\u0259n \u0259vv\u0259l v\u0259 sonra \u00e7\u0259kdiyi beton yollar\u0131n b\u0259zil\u0259ri h\u0259l\u0259 d\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunur. R\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rl\u0259 ifad\u0259 ets\u0259k, beton yolun istismar m\u00fcdd\u0259ti 30 il v\u0259 daha \u00e7ox, asfalt yolunku is\u0259 8\u201312 ildir. Beton yolun y\u00fckg\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259 qabiliyy\u0259ti asfalt yol il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 daha \u00e7oxdur. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, beton yollarda n\u0259qliyyat vasit\u0259l\u0259rinin h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259t\u0259 ba\u015flama v\u0259 dayanmas\u0131 zaman\u0131 s\u0259thin a\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 daha azd\u0131r. N\u0259qliyyat vasit\u0259l\u0259ri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131 s\u00fcrt\u00fcnm\u0259 \u0259msal\u0131 il\u0259 beton yollarda daha az yanacaq istifad\u0259 edirl\u0259r. Sad\u0259 dild\u0259 des\u0259k, avtomobill\u0259r beton yolda h\u0259r\u0259k\u0259td\u0259 olark\u0259n yanaca\u011fa q\u0259na\u0259t etmi\u015f olurlar. Ara\u015fd\u0131rmalara g\u00f6r\u0259, yanaca\u011fa q\u0259na\u0259t ortalama 5-11% t\u0259\u015fkil edir.<\/p>\n Beton yollar\u0131n iqlim d\u0259yi\u015fiklikl\u0259rin\u0259 davaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 qeyd etm\u0259yi d\u0259 unutmaq olmaz. Beton yol g\u00fcn\u0259\u015f istiliyinin t\u0259sirind\u0259n deformasiya olunmur, formas\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 hamarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 sabit saxlay\u0131r. Bundan \u0259lav\u0259, beton yollar r\u00fctub\u0259tli havalarda \u0259yl\u0259c m\u0259saf\u0259l\u0259rini azaltmaqla yol t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizliyini art\u0131r\u0131r.<\/p>\n Beton yollar istifad\u0259y\u0259 verildikd\u0259n sonra onlar\u0131n bax\u0131m\u0131 da asfalt yollara nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha asan v\u0259 az x\u0259rc t\u0259l\u0259b ed\u0259n olur.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Gec\u0259l\u0259r g\u00f6rm\u0259 m\u0259saf\u0259si asfalt yollara nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha yax\u015f\u0131d\u0131r<\/strong><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n Beton yollar asfalt yollarla m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131q r\u0259ngd\u0259dir v\u0259 buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 daxil olan i\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 daha az udur. Bel\u0259 olduqda gec\u0259l\u0259r beton yollarda g\u00f6rm\u0259 m\u0259saf\u0259si asfalt yollara nisb\u0259t\u0259n daha yax\u015f\u0131 olur.<\/p>\n Beton yol t\u0259bi\u0259t\u0259 v\u0259 \u015f\u0259h\u0259r ekologiyas\u0131na z\u0259r\u0259r d\u0259 vermir. Betondan he\u00e7 bir z\u0259r\u0259rli madd\u0259 hava v\u0259 ya torpaqla qar\u0131\u015fm\u0131r. Betonun odadavaml\u0131 tikinti material\u0131 olmas\u0131 da bir ba\u015fqa \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckd\u00fcr. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n betonun tunell\u0259rd\u0259 yegan\u0259 alternativ olaraq istifad\u0259 edilm\u0259si \u015fidd\u0259tl\u0259 t\u00f6vsiy\u0259 olunur. Bir \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck d\u0259 odur ki, beton 100% t\u0259krar emal edil\u0259 bil\u0259n materiald\u0131r.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Uzun\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc v\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 dayan\u0131ql\u0131<\/strong><\/p>\n Yaz\u0131n\u0131n \u0259vv\u0259lind\u0259 qeyd etdiyimiz kimi, ke\u00e7\u0259n \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 betondan tikilmi\u015f b\u0259zi yollar v\u0259 dig\u0259r tikintil\u0259r bug\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 kimi \u0259la v\u0259ziyy\u0259td\u0259 qal\u0131blar. Bu onu g\u00f6st\u0259rir ki, zaman v\u0259 hava kimi amill\u0259r beton konstruksiyalar\u0131 he\u00e7 d\u0259 asanl\u0131qla da\u011f\u0131da bilmir. \u00dcst\u0259lik, d\u00f6vr d\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fib v\u0259 texnoloji inki\u015faf bu sah\u0259d\u0259n d\u0259 yan ke\u00e7m\u0259yib. Son ill\u0259r tikintid\u0259 y\u0131\u011fma beton metodologiyas\u0131ndan geni\u015f istifad\u0259 olunma\u011fa ba\u015flay\u0131b. Bu da s\u0259b\u0259bsiz deyil. \u00c7\u00fcnki d\u0259mir-beton elementl\u0259rd\u0259n haz\u0131rlanan ya\u015fay\u0131\u015f binalar\u0131 asan v\u0259 q\u0131sa zaman \u0259rzind\u0259 \u0259rs\u0259y\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259ndir, uzun\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc v\u0259 z\u0259lz\u0259l\u0259y\u0259 dayan\u0131ql\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Bu metodologiya il\u0259 tikil\u0259n m\u0259nzilin qurulu\u015fu \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259d\u0259n planla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r v\u0259 uy\u011funla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. \u00dcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u0259 g\u0259linc\u0259, bu, ucuz m\u0259nzil axtaran ail\u0259l\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn geni\u015f se\u00e7im imkan\u0131 yarad\u0131r. Eyni zamanda, y\u0131\u011fma beton metodologiyas\u0131 kvadrat metr \u00fczr\u0259 20% v\u0259sait\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. Y\u0131\u011fma beton evin tikilm\u0259si zaman\u0131 50% daha az tullant\u0131 yaran\u0131r.<\/p>\n Beton konstruksiyalarla tikil\u0259n evl\u0259rin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fckl\u0259ri bununla da bitmir. Haz\u0131r beton qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 tikintid\u0259 vaxta, \u0259m\u0259k v\u0259 material x\u0259rcl\u0259rin\u0259 q\u0259na\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir. Bel\u0259 ki, \u0259l\u00e7atan, ekoloji c\u0259h\u0259td\u0259n t\u0259miz qar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 haz\u0131rlamaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn bahal\u0131 materiallardan istifad\u0259 etm\u0259y\u0259 ehtiyac yoxdur. Bunun \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn markadan as\u0131l\u0131 olaraq yaln\u0131z qum, sement, su v\u0259 plastifikatorlar t\u0259l\u0259b olunur. \u018fn\u0259n\u0259vi \u00fcsulla m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 y\u0131\u011fma betonla evl\u0259rin in\u015fa edilm\u0259 m\u00fcdd\u0259ti d\u0259 daha azd\u0131r. Bu da tikinti i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259 zamana q\u0259ma\u0259t etm\u0259y\u0259 imkan verir.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Nigar H\u018fS\u018fNL\u0130, \u201cYeni M\u00fcsavat\u201d q\u0259zeti<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Beton bu g\u00fcn \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n tikinti materiallar\u0131ndan biridir. Onun ilk n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 5000 il \u0259vv\u0259l\u0259 – gil m\u0259hluldan piramidalar in\u015fa ed\u0259n Q\u0259dim Misir\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Romal\u0131lar da su il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdikd\u0259 s\u0259rtl\u0259\u015f\u0259n materialdan ilk istifad\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259r kimi tarixd\u0259 \u00f6z yerl\u0259rini tutublar. \u00c7inlil\u0259rin B\u00f6y\u00fck \u00c7in s\u0259ddinin tikintisind\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 materiallardan istifad\u0259 etdikl\u0259ri d\u0259 m\u0259lumdur. H\u0259min d\u00f6vrd\u0259 t\u00fcrkl\u0259r v\u0259 farslar t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n avropal\u0131lara m\u0259lum olmayan \u201cXorasan qar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131\u201d adl\u0131 \u00e7ox m\u00f6hk\u0259m ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131dan istifad\u0259 edilib. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc haz\u0131r betonun ilk istifad\u0259 yeri is\u0259 Almaniyad\u0131r. Almanlar 1903-c\u00fc ild\u0259 haz\u0131r beton istehsal\u0131n\u0131 realla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131blar. Beton yolun y\u00fckg\u00f6t\u00fcrm\u0259…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":663665,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064.jpg",612,408,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064.jpg",612,408,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064.jpg",612,408,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064-500x280.jpg",500,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064-548x365.jpg",548,365,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064.jpg",612,408,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064.jpg",612,408,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064.jpg",612,408,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/abb9a8c88674b05c673877fe22b30064.jpg",612,408,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"C\u0259miyy\u0259t<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Beton bu g\u00fcn \u0259n \u00e7ox istifad\u0259 edil\u0259n tikinti materiallar\u0131ndan biridir. Onun ilk n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rinin meydana \u00e7\u0131xmas\u0131 5000 il \u0259vv\u0259l\u0259 – gil m\u0259hluldan piramidalar in\u015fa ed\u0259n Q\u0259dim Misir\u0259 gedib \u00e7\u0131x\u0131r. Romal\u0131lar da su il\u0259 birl\u0259\u015fdikd\u0259 s\u0259rtl\u0259\u015f\u0259n materialdan ilk istifad\u0259 ed\u0259nl\u0259r kimi tarixd\u0259 \u00f6z yerl\u0259rini tutublar. \u00c7inlil\u0259rin B\u00f6y\u00fck \u00c7in s\u0259ddinin tikintisind\u0259 ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 materiallardan istifad\u0259 etdikl\u0259ri d\u0259 m\u0259lumdur. H\u0259min…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/663664"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=663664"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/663664\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/663665"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=663664"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=663664"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=663664"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}