{"id":695280,"date":"2024-02-27T13:07:47","date_gmt":"2024-02-27T09:07:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=695280"},"modified":"2024-02-27T13:07:47","modified_gmt":"2024-02-27T09:07:47","slug":"dunya-tarixini-d%c9%99yisdir%c9%99n-vergil%c9%99r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=695280","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnya tarixini d\u0259yi\u015fdir\u0259n VERG\u0130L\u018fR"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Nec\u0259 dey\u0259rl\u0259r, h\u0259yatda yaln\u0131z iki \u015fey var: \u00f6l\u00fcm v\u0259 vergil\u0259r. Vergil\u0259r min ill\u0259rdir m\u00f6vcuddur v\u0259 tezlikl\u0259 aradan qalxmayacaq, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnya hadis\u0259l\u0259rini formala\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc deyil.\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u018fn m\u00fch\u00fcm vergil\u0259r, d\u00fcnya tarixini d\u0259yi\u015fdir\u0259n vergil\u0259r he\u00e7 d\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 \u0259sas mallar \u00fczr\u0259 epik qiym\u0259t art\u0131mlar\u0131 deyildi. Daha do\u011frusu, onlar yeni vergil\u0259r v\u0259 ya \u0259lveri\u015fli olmayan \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r alt\u0131nda qoyulan vergil\u0259r idi. H\u0259r zaman sat\u0131\u015f vergisi kimi bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 e\u015fitm\u0259k sizi \u015foka sala bil\u0259r. D\u00fcnya tarixind\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fikliy\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan vergil\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri…<\/p>\n

K\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 vergisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu, qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f tarixd\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki, ilk vergidir v\u0259 tarixin qalan hiss\u0259si \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259 standart\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n edir. Q\u0259dim Misir vergil\u0259rin hesablanmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0259tinl\u0259\u015fdir\u0259n barter iqtisadiyyat\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 i\u015fl\u0259yirdi.<\/p>\n

H\u0259ll yolu m\u0259hsula v\u0259 \u0259mlaka vergi qoymaq idi ki, bu da fermerl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn nisb\u0259t\u0259n asan idi; sah\u0259nin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc v\u0259 orta m\u0259hsul m\u0259hsuldarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7m\u0259k, sonra mal-qaran\u0131 v\u0259 dig\u0259r aktivl\u0259ri hesablamaq.<\/p>\n

Qeyri-fermerl\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn h\u00f6kum\u0259t k\u0259ndl\u0259ri kollektiv \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 vergiy\u0259 c\u0259lb edirdi. Q\u0259dim Misird\u0259 \u00e7ap edilmi\u015f pul yox idi, ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 vergil\u0259r tax\u0131l v\u0259 ya i\u015f\u00e7i q\u00fcvv\u0259si il\u0259 toplan\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Torpaq vergisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Min ill\u0259r boyu \u00c7in \u00f6z k\u0259ndlil\u0259rin\u0259 sahib olduqlar\u0131 torpaqlar\u0131n miqdar\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 vergi qoyub. Ax\u0131 o vaxt daha \u00e7ox torpaq daha \u00e7ox m\u0259hsul v\u0259 dem\u0259li, daha \u00e7ox g\u0259lir dem\u0259k idi. Bu sistem Roma \u0130mperiyas\u0131ndan \u0259vv\u0259l; eram\u0131zdan \u0259vv\u0259l 6-c\u0131 \u0259srd\u0259 ba\u015flay\u0131b.<\/p>\n

20-ci \u0259srd\u0259 ba\u015f ver\u0259n m\u00fcxt\u0259lif siyasi inqilablardan sonra da torpaq vergisi d\u0259yi\u015fm\u0259z qal\u0131b. \u00c7inin \u0259sas\u0259n s\u0259naye vergi bazas\u0131na ke\u00e7m\u0259si n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 2006-c\u0131 ild\u0259 l\u0259\u011fv edilib.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Sat\u0131\u015f vergisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sezar\u0131n hakimiyy\u0259ti \u00e7oxsayl\u0131 yenilikl\u0259rl\u0259, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 istifad\u0259 olunan Julian t\u0259qviminin t\u0259tbiqi il\u0259 yadda qal\u0131b. Julius d\u00fcnyan\u0131n ilk sat\u0131\u015f vergisini d\u0259 1 faiz olaraq t\u0259tbiq edib. Sezar Avqust sonradan qullar\u0131n sat\u0131\u015f vergisini 4 faiz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r art\u0131r\u0131b, lakin b\u00fct\u00fcn dig\u0259r \u0259m\u0259liyyatlarda onu 1 faizd\u0259 saxlay\u0131b.<\/p>\n

\u015e\u0259k\u0259r qanunu<\/strong><\/p>\n

1773-c\u00fc il \u00c7ay qanunu Amerika inqilab\u0131na ged\u0259n yolda son k\u0259rpici olsa da, ingilisl\u0259r Amerika kolonistl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 naraz\u0131l\u0131q yaradan bir \u00e7ox vergi v\u0259 siyas\u0259t t\u0259tbiq edibl\u0259r. Bunlardan birincisi 1764-c\u00fc ild\u0259 b\u0259km\u0259z, \u015f\u0259k\u0259r v\u0259 \u015f\u0259rab kimi idxal mallar\u0131na t\u0259tbiq edil\u0259n vergi idi. Bu, \u015e\u0259k\u0259r qanunu kimi tan\u0131n\u0131b.<\/p>\n

M\u00f6h\u00fcr qanunu<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u0130ngilisl\u0259r \u015e\u0259k\u0259r qanunundan toplanan pullarla kifay\u0259tl\u0259nm\u0259yinc\u0259, 1765-ci ild\u0259 M\u00f6h\u00fcr qanunu q\u0259bul edbil\u0259r. O, m\u00fcst\u0259ml\u0259k\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7ap olunan b\u00fct\u00fcn r\u0259smi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rd\u0259n v\u0259 q\u0259zetl\u0259rd\u0259n vergi al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259b edib. T\u0259xmin\u0259n s\u0259kkiz ild\u0259n sonra \u00c7ay qanunu g\u0259l\u0259nd\u0259 insanlar \u00fcsyana haz\u0131r idil\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ay vergisi<\/strong><\/p>\n

1773-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Britaniya parlamenti t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n q\u0259bul edil\u0259n \u00c7ay qanunu \u015e\u0259rqi Hindistan \u015firk\u0259tin\u0259 Amerika koloniyalar\u0131nda \u00e7ay bazar\u0131nda monopoliya ver\u0259n t\u0259dbird\u0259n daha az yeni vergi idi. Kolonistl\u0259r bunun \u00e7ay vergisinin geri qaytar\u0131lmas\u0131 dem\u0259k oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fckl\u0259ri \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259nibl\u0259r.\/\/Lent.az<\/p>\n<\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n
<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nec\u0259 dey\u0259rl\u0259r, h\u0259yatda yaln\u0131z iki \u015fey var: \u00f6l\u00fcm v\u0259 vergil\u0259r. Vergil\u0259r min ill\u0259rdir m\u00f6vcuddur v\u0259 tezlikl\u0259 aradan qalxmayacaq, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnya hadis\u0259l\u0259rini formala\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc deyil.\u00a0 \u018fn m\u00fch\u00fcm vergil\u0259r, d\u00fcnya tarixini d\u0259yi\u015fdir\u0259n vergil\u0259r he\u00e7 d\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 \u0259sas mallar \u00fczr\u0259 epik qiym\u0259t art\u0131mlar\u0131 deyildi. Daha do\u011frusu, onlar yeni vergil\u0259r v\u0259 ya \u0259lveri\u015fli olmayan \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r alt\u0131nda qoyulan vergil\u0259r idi. H\u0259r zaman sat\u0131\u015f vergisi kimi bir \u015fey olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 e\u015fitm\u0259k sizi \u015foka sala bil\u0259r. D\u00fcnya tarixind\u0259 d\u0259yi\u015fikliy\u0259 s\u0259b\u0259b olan vergil\u0259r v\u0259 onlar\u0131n s\u0259b\u0259bl\u0259ri… K\u0259nd t\u0259s\u0259rr\u00fcfat\u0131 vergisi Bu, qeyd\u0259 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f tarixd\u0259 dem\u0259k olar ki,…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":695281,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[24],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8.jpg",740,493,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8.jpg",740,493,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8.jpg",740,493,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8-500x280.jpg",500,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8-548x365.jpg",548,365,true],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8.jpg",640,426,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8.jpg",740,493,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8.jpg",740,493,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/147221e693292cc4cf17f0a6bc8dd4a8.jpg",740,493,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"Maraql\u0131<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"Nec\u0259 dey\u0259rl\u0259r, h\u0259yatda yaln\u0131z iki \u015fey var: \u00f6l\u00fcm v\u0259 vergil\u0259r. Vergil\u0259r min ill\u0259rdir m\u00f6vcuddur v\u0259 tezlikl\u0259 aradan qalxmayacaq, buna g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u00fcnya hadis\u0259l\u0259rini formala\u015fd\u0131rma\u011fa k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259l\u0259ri t\u0259\u0259cc\u00fcbl\u00fc deyil.\u00a0 \u018fn m\u00fch\u00fcm vergil\u0259r, d\u00fcnya tarixini d\u0259yi\u015fdir\u0259n vergil\u0259r he\u00e7 d\u0259 h\u0259mi\u015f\u0259 \u0259sas mallar \u00fczr\u0259 epik qiym\u0259t art\u0131mlar\u0131 deyildi. Daha do\u011frusu, onlar yeni vergil\u0259r v\u0259 ya \u0259lveri\u015fli olmayan \u015f\u0259rtl\u0259r alt\u0131nda…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/695280"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=695280"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/695280\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/695281"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=695280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=695280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=695280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}