{"id":739109,"date":"2024-07-22T10:07:11","date_gmt":"2024-07-22T06:07:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=739109"},"modified":"2024-07-22T10:07:11","modified_gmt":"2024-07-22T06:07:11","slug":"az%c9%99rbaycan-m%c9%99tbuati-tarixind%c9%99n-n%c9%99siman-yaqublunun-yazisi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=739109","title":{"rendered":"Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259tbuat\u0131 tarixind\u0259n-N\u0259siman Yaqublunun yaz\u0131s\u0131"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n XIX \u0259srin birinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ictimai-siyasi h\u0259yat\u0131nda yeni d\u00f6vr ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rusiyan\u0131n iqtisadi, siyasi, m\u0259d\u0259ni-k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u0259l bax\u0131mdan inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259 olmamas\u0131, i\u015f\u011fal etdiyi b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259r\u0259qqisind\u0259 ciddi probleml\u0259r yarad\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli ictimai-siyasi xadimi M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259 bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cRusiya n\u0259 Avropa kimi Avropa, n\u0259 d\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq kimi \u015e\u0259rq idi\u201d.<\/p>\n

B\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir M.B.M\u0259mm\u0259dzad\u0259 \u201cMilli Az\u0259rbaycan h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131\u201d kitab\u0131nda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cRusiyada o zamandan ta 1861-ci il\u0259d\u0259k r\u0259sm\u0259n, d\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r is\u0259 feil\u0259n bir k\u00f6l\u0259lik rejimi m\u00f6vcud olub h\u0259r bir haqq v\u0259 h\u00fcquqdan m\u0259hrum k\u0259ndli bazarda \u0259\u015fya kimi sat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u201cXX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Avrasiyan\u0131n m\u00fcs\u0259lman h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131 tarixind\u0259n\u201d kitab\u0131nda is\u0259 bel\u0259 bir qeyd var: \u201cR\u0259smi s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rin s\u0259hif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u0130slam dinin\u0259 sitayi\u015f ed\u0259nl\u0259rin ham\u0131s\u0131 \u00fcmumi \u201cm\u00fcs\u0259lman\u201d termini il\u0259 ifad\u0259 edilirdi\u201d.<\/p>\n

Sonrak\u0131 d\u00f6vrl\u0259rd\u0259 Rusiya h\u0259yat\u0131nda ba\u015f ver\u0259n ictimai-siyasi yenilikl\u0259r burada ya\u015fayan \u201cm\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u201d da inki\u015faf\u0131na t\u0259sir etdi. Onlar\u0131n say\u0131 is\u0259 30 milyondan \u00e7ox idi. B\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir \u018f.A\u011fao\u011flu \u201c\u0130r\u015fad\u201d q\u0259zetind\u0259ki yaz\u0131s\u0131nda h\u0259min r\u0259q\u0259mi qeyd edirdi. \u00a01914-c\u00fc ilin 9 yanvar\u0131nda Kazan tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259zeti olan \u201cUlduz\u201dda \u00e7ap olunan \u201cRusiyada m\u00fcs\u0259lman \u00e7oxdurmu?\u201d m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 h\u0259min r\u0259q\u0259min 31 milyon oldu\u011fu yaz\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Rusiyan\u0131n 1913-c\u00fc il\u0259 aid olan r\u0259smi m\u0259lumat\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n say\u0131n\u0131n q\u0259sd\u0259n azald\u0131laraq 13 milyona \u00e7atd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 m\u0259lumat\u0131 bildirilirdi.<\/p>\n

M\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n is\u0259 \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131 mane\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n xilas olaraq getdikc\u0259 inki\u015fafa meylliliyi m\u00fc\u015fahid\u0259 olunurdu. \u018flav\u0259 ed\u0259k ki, \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131nda m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n maarifl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 v\u0259 elml\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 h\u0259r zaman probleml\u0259r yarad\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131 v\u0259 bu, d\u00f6vl\u0259t siyas\u0259tinin t\u0259rkib hiss\u0259sin\u0259 \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi.<\/p>\n

Bir statistikaya diqq\u0259t ed\u0259k: 1914-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Rusiya universitetl\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259hsil alan 35695 min t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259d\u0259n yaln\u0131z 192-si m\u00fcs\u0259lman idi. Yen\u0259 1914-c\u00fc ilin statistikas\u0131na g\u00f6r\u0259 Rusiyan\u0131n ali texniki t\u0259dris m\u00fc\u0259ssis\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 t\u0259hsil alan 9704 t\u0259l\u0259b\u0259d\u0259n yaln\u0131z 46-s\u0131 m\u00fcs\u0259lman idi.<\/strong><\/p>\n

M\u0259tbuatla ba\u011fl\u0131 faktlar da ac\u0131nacaql\u0131d\u0131r: inqilabaq\u0259d\u0259rki Rusiyada m\u00fcs\u0259lman m\u0259tbuat\u0131 iki d\u00f6vr\u0259 b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr: 1870-ci v\u0259 1904-c\u00fc ill\u0259r, 1905-1917-ci ill\u0259r.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131nda ilk m\u00fcs\u0259lman q\u0259zeti 1875-1877-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Bak\u0131da \u00e7ap olunmu\u015f \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetidir, redaktoru H.Z\u0259rdabidir. \u0130kinci n\u0259\u015fr edil\u0259n, lakin \u0259n uzun\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcs\u00fc 1883-1918-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 \u00e7ap olunmu\u015f \u201cT\u0259rc\u00fcman\u201d (\u201cT\u0259rc\u00fcm\u0259\u00e7i\u201d) q\u0259zetidir.<\/p>\n

1875-1917-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Rusiya \u0259razisind\u0259 leqal olaraq Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 64, \u00f6zb\u0259k dilind\u0259 14, qazax dilind\u0259 9, kr\u0131m tatarlar\u0131n\u0131n is\u0259 7 n\u0259\u015fri var idi. 1905-ci ilin sentyabr\u0131ndan 1917-ci ilin fevral\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r is\u0259 Rusiya \u0259razisind\u0259 tatar dilind\u0259 76 d\u00f6vri n\u0259\u015frl\u0259r m\u00f6vcud idi. M\u00fcs\u0259lman d\u00f6vr\u00fc n\u0259\u015frl\u0259rinin tiraj\u0131 da \u00e7ox deyildi, 1000-d\u0259n 2000-n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r, nadir hallarda 4000-d\u0259n 5000-\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259lirdi. \u018fn \u00e7ox tiraj\u0131 olan v\u0259 tatar dilind\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xan liberal istiqam\u0259tli \u201cVakit\u201d v\u0259 \u201cUlduz\u201d q\u0259zetl\u0259ri idi.<\/p>\n

C\u0259nubi Qafqazda ya\u015fayan xalqlar\u0131n m\u0259tbuat\u0131 il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 maraql\u0131 faktlara Qafqaz Senzura Komit\u0259sind\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u0131\u015f Mirz\u0259 \u015e\u0259fi Mirz\u0259yevin xatir\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 rastla\u015fmaq m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. O, g\u00fcrc\u00fc v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rd\u0259n f\u0259rqli olaraq Rusiya h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin az\u0259rbaycanl\u0131lara f\u0259rqli yana\u015fd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bel\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131qlay\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cN\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq ki, rus h\u00f6kum\u0259ti h\u0259l\u0259 1853-c\u00fc ild\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r\u0259 v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r\u0259 \u015f\u0259xsi m\u0259tbuat v\u0259 \u0259d\u0259biyyata malik olmaq h\u00fcququ vermi\u015fdi v\u0259 h\u0259tta qanunvericilik s\u0259viyy\u0259sind\u0259 onlar\u0131n n\u00fcmay\u0259nd\u0259l\u0259rini \u015e\u0259rq dill\u0259ri senzoru v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 t\u0259yin etmi\u015fdi\u201d.<\/p>\n

Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131n \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n i\u015f\u011fal\u0131 ba\u015fa \u00e7atd\u0131qdan sonra burada ya\u015fayan xalqlar\u0131n dill\u0259rind\u0259 \u00e7ap olunan yaz\u0131lara n\u0259zar\u0259t etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ayr\u0131ca bir quruma \u2013 senzuraya ehtiyac getdikc\u0259 g\u00fccl\u0259nirdi. \u00c7ar h\u00f6kum\u0259ti Senzura Komit\u0259si yaratmadan \u00f6nc\u0259 m\u00fcxt\u0259lif qurumlar\u0131n bu sah\u0259y\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259tini r\u0259smil\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259y\u0259 ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n

M.\u015e.Mirz\u0259yev yaz\u0131rd\u0131:<\/strong>\u00a0\u201c1837-ci ilin 23 dekabr\u0131nda \u00a0Tiflisd\u0259\u00a0 n\u0259\u015fr olunan kitablar\u0131n yoxlan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00a0G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan, Qafqaz v\u0259 Zaqafqaziya \u0259yal\u0259tl\u0259ri Ba\u015f \u0130dar\u0259\u00e7iliyinin tabeliyin\u0259 t\u0259qdim edilm\u0259si haqq\u0131nda\u201d Ali f\u0259rman verildi. 1849-cu il 9\/13 iyun tarixli 1918 sayl\u0131 Cani\u015finliyin \u00a0Qafqaz T\u0259hsil Dair\u0259sinin Q\u0259yyumu haqq\u0131nda olan s\u0259n\u0259dind\u0259n g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr ki, \u00e7ap i\u015fl\u0259ri \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 senzura \u0259vv\u0259l Ba\u015f \u0130dar\u0259\u00e7iliyin D\u0259ft\u0259rxanas\u0131, sonra is\u0259 \u0130mperatorun Qafqaz Cani\u015fini t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n apar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. XIX \u0259srin ortalar\u0131na q\u0259d\u0259r \u00a0i\u015f bel\u0259 apar\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 X\u00fcsusi Qafqaz T\u0259hsil Dair\u0259sinin t\u0259sisi bar\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259s\u0259l\u0259 qalxd\u0131. 1848-ci ilin dekabr\u0131n 18-d\u0259 Qafqaz T\u0259hsil Dair\u0259sinin yarad\u0131lmas\u0131 haqq\u0131nda Ali F\u0259rman d\u0259rc olundu, 1849-cu ilin aprelin 5-d\u0259 is\u0259 t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259li a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 oldu. Bu d\u00f6vrd\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn senzura komit\u0259l\u0259ri Xalq Maarif \u00a0Nazirliyin\u0259 tabe idil\u0259r v\u0259 \u0259lb\u0259tt\u0259, Qafqazda X\u00fcsusi T\u0259hsil Dair\u0259sinin a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 x\u00fcsusi Senzura Komit\u0259si d\u0259 a\u00e7\u0131lmal\u0131 idi\u201d.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n C\u0259nubi Qafqaz\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal\u0131ndan sonra g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259r \u00f6z m\u0259tbuatlar\u0131n\u0131 inki\u015faf etdirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn yarad\u0131lan imkanlardan ciddi faydalan\u0131rd\u0131lar (t\u0259bii ki, burada din amili, y\u0259ni bu xalqlar\u0131n xristian dinin\u0259 m\u0259nsublu\u011fu ba\u015fl\u0131ca rol oynay\u0131rd\u0131. V\u0259 \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131 xristianlarla m\u00fcqayis\u0259d\u0259 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n maarifl\u0259nm\u0259sin\u0259 geni\u015f imkanlar yaratm\u0131rd\u0131).<\/p>\n

T\u0259bii ki, g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin, erm\u0259nil\u0259rin m\u0259tbuat v\u0259 kitab n\u0259\u015fri il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 u\u011furlar \u0259ld\u0259 etdiyi bir zamanda 1875-ci ilin 22 iyulunda b\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir H.Z.Z\u0259rdabinin \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d q\u0259zetini n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259si b\u00f6y\u00fck hadis\u0259 idi.<\/p>\n

Bu m\u0259nada M.\u015e.Mirz\u0259yevin statistik a\u00e7\u0131qlamalar\u0131 maraql\u0131d\u0131r. \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d \u00e7ap edil\u0259n ili C\u0259nubi Qafqazdak\u0131 n\u0259\u015fr n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259rin\u0259 diqq\u0259t ed\u0259k. O yaz\u0131r ki, 1874-c\u00fc ild\u0259 (y\u0259ni ilk q\u0259zetimiz olan \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin n\u0259\u015frind\u0259n bir il \u0259vv\u0259l) C\u0259nubi Qafqazda rus dilind\u0259 28, g\u00fcrc\u00fc dilind\u0259 14, erm\u0259ni dilind\u0259 24 n\u0259\u015fr n\u00fcmun\u0259l\u0259ri (buraya q\u0259zet, jurnal, kitab v\u0259 s. daxildir) var idis\u0259, Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 \u00e7ap m\u0259hsulu yox idi.<\/p>\n

D\u00f6vr\u00fc m\u0259tbuat is\u0259 1875-ci ild\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqazda bel\u0259 r\u0259q\u0259ml\u0259rl\u0259 t\u0259qdim olunur: rus dilind\u0259 \u2013 2, g\u00fcrc\u00fc dilind\u0259 \u2013 5, erm\u0259ni dilind\u0259 \u2013 4.<\/p>\n

Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 (m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 tatar dili yaz\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131) is\u0259 m\u0259lum idi ki, m\u0259tbuat orqan\u0131 \u00e7ap edilmirdi.<\/p>\n

1875-ci ilin iyulun 22-d\u0259 Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n ictimai-siyasi fikir tarixind\u0259 ciddi hadis\u0259 ba\u015f verdi: ilk Az\u0259rbaycan q\u0259zeti olan \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d n\u0259\u015fr edildi. Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, bu, \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131nda ya\u015fayan \u201cm\u00fcs\u0259lmanlar\u0131n\u201d h\u0259m d\u0259 ilk q\u0259zeti idi. \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d n\u0259\u015fr olunanda Rusiyada, x\u00fcsus\u0259n C\u0259nubi Qafqazda ya\u015fayan g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin v\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin n\u0259\u015fr orqanlar\u0131 art\u0131q m\u00f6vcud idi. Bu haqda arxiv s\u0259n\u0259dl\u0259rind\u0259 v\u0259 ara\u015fd\u0131rmalarda bilgil\u0259r yer alm\u0131\u015fd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin n\u0259\u015fri il\u0259 \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n t\u0259zyiql\u0259ri alt\u0131nda ya\u015famaq m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qalan Az\u0259rbaycanda\u00a0 ciddi prosesl\u0259r ba\u015flad\u0131. Xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n h\u0259yat\u0131nda m\u00fch\u00fcm t\u0259r\u0259qqi v\u0259 milli \u015f\u00fcura sahib olmas\u0131 imkanlar\u0131 yarand\u0131.<\/p>\n

Qeyd ed\u0259k ki, Az\u0259rbaycan m\u0259tbuat\u0131n\u0131n banisi H.Z\u0259rdabi \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dni asanl\u0131qla n\u0259\u015fr etm\u0259mi\u015fdir.<\/p>\n

H.Z\u0259rdabi q\u0259zet \u00e7\u0131xarma\u011f\u0131n \u00e7\u0259tinliyini \u201cRusiyada \u0259vv\u0259limci t\u00fcrk q\u0259zet\u0259si\u201d m\u0259qal\u0259sind\u0259 yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cB\u0259s q\u0259zet\u0259ni nec\u0259 \u00e7\u0131xard\u0131m, pul yox, yaz\u0131\u00e7\u0131, yolda\u015f yox, \u00e7apxana yox, h\u00fcrufat yox, \u00fcmid yox, 1-2 y\u00fczd\u0259n art\u0131q oxuyan da olmayacaq. D\u00f6vl\u0259t t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n izin almaq da ki, bir b\u00f6y\u00fck b\u0259lad\u0131r…\u201d.<\/p>\n

Yuxar\u0131da qeyd etdiyimiz kimi, \u00e7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n basq\u0131lar\u0131 v\u0259 feodal d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn buxovlar\u0131 alt\u0131nda \u0259zab \u00e7\u0259k\u0259n, gerilik, c\u0259hal\u0259t v\u0259 savads\u0131zl\u0131\u011fa b\u00fcr\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015f Az\u0259rbaycan m\u00fchitinin inki\u015faf\u0131na \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201d b\u00f6y\u00fck imkanlar a\u00e7d\u0131. \u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n yaratd\u0131\u011f\u0131 mane\u0259l\u0259ri \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259 d\u0259f ed\u0259n H.Z\u0259rdabi yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201c\u018fl\u0259lx\u00fcsus, bizim yerl\u0259rd\u0259ki qon\u015fular\u0131m\u0131z elm t\u0259hsil edib, g\u00fcn\u00fc-g\u00fcnd\u0259n ir\u0259li gedir, bizim \u0259limizd\u0259 olan m\u00fclki-mal\u0131m\u0131za sahib olurlar v\u0259 bir az vaxtdan sonra biz onlara r\u0259hb\u0259rlik edib, onlar\u0131n mal\u0131n\u0131 da\u015f\u0131maqdan \u00f6tr\u00fc kir\u0259ke\u015flik ed\u0259c\u0259yik. Bel\u0259d\u0259 n\u0259 etm\u0259li? H\u0259r k\u0259si \u00e7a\u011f\u0131r\u0131ram g\u0259lm\u0259yir, g\u00f6st\u0259rir\u0259m g\u00f6rm\u0259yir, deyir\u0259m qanmay\u0131r. Ax\u0131rda g\u00f6rd\u00fcm ki, onlar\u0131 haz\u0131rlay\u0131b \u00e7a\u011f\u0131rmaqdan, onlara dem\u0259kd\u0259n ba\u015fqa bir qeyri \u0259sas yoxdur. Olmaz ki, m\u0259nim s\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc e\u015fid\u0259nl\u0259rd\u0259n he\u00e7 bir qanan olmas\u0131n!\u201d.<\/p>\n

T\u0259dqiqatlarda bu m\u00fcraci\u0259tin Az\u0259rbaycan insan\u0131na \u00fcnvanland\u0131\u011f\u0131 d\u0259f\u0259l\u0259rl\u0259 qeyd olunub. Lakin H.Z\u0259rdabinin hans\u0131 \u00e7\u0259tinlikl\u0259r i\u00e7\u0259risind\u0259 \u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin n\u0259\u015frin\u0259 icaz\u0259 ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 Rusiya h\u00f6kum\u0259tinin daima basq\u0131da saxlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 diqq\u0259t\u0259 alsaq, H.Z\u0259rdabinin bu m\u00fcraci\u0259tinin el\u0259 m\u00f6vcud hakimiyy\u0259td\u0259n, onun m\u00fcvafiq qurumlar\u0131ndan \u015fikay\u0259t oldu\u011fu q\u0259na\u0259tin\u0259 g\u0259lm\u0259k m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n

\u201c\u018fkin\u00e7i\u201dnin n\u0259\u015fri iki il m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259 davam etdi v\u0259 1875-ci ilin sentyabr\u0131nda 56 say\u0131 \u00e7ap edildikd\u0259n sonra\u00a0 f\u0259aliyy\u0259ti dayand\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

Sonra \u201cZiya\u201d, \u201cZiyayi Qafqasiya\u201d, \u201cK\u0259\u015fk\u00fcl\u201d q\u0259zetl\u0259ri a\u00e7\u0131ld\u0131 v\u0259 bir m\u00fcdd\u0259t sonra yasaqland\u0131. 1903-c\u00fc ild\u0259 \u201c\u015e\u0259rqi-Rus\u201d q\u0259zeti n\u0259\u015fr edil\u0259n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r on bir il m\u00fcdd\u0259tind\u0259\u00a0 Az\u0259rbaycan dilind\u0259 m\u0259tbuat orqan\u0131 \u00e7ap olunmad\u0131.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259 erm\u0259nil\u0259rin, g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rin n\u0259\u015frl\u0259rinin say\u0131 yet\u0259rinc\u0259 idi. \u00dcmumi m\u0259lumata g\u00f6r\u0259, XX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 C\u0259nubi Qafqazda 40-a q\u0259d\u0259r m\u0259tbuat orqan\u0131 n\u0259\u015fr edilirdi: 30-u rus dilind\u0259, 5-i g\u00fcrc\u00fc dilind\u0259, 5-i erm\u0259ni dilind\u0259.<\/p>\n

\u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131nda n\u0259\u015fr m\u0259hsullar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259t \u00e7ox g\u00fccl\u00fc idi. X\u00fcsusil\u0259, XIX \u0259srin 50-ci ill\u0259rind\u0259n ba\u015flayaraq Senzura Komit\u0259sinin formala\u015f\u0131b g\u00fccl\u0259nm\u0259si q\u0259zetl\u0259rin, jurnallar\u0131n, kitablar\u0131n \u00e7ap\u0131n\u0131 xristian dinin\u0259 m\u0259nsub olanlar \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u00e7ox m\u00fcr\u0259kk\u0259bl\u0259\u015fdirs\u0259 d\u0259,\u00a0 m\u00fcs\u0259lmanlara\u00a0 yasaq h\u0259ddin\u0259 g\u0259tirirdi.<\/p>\n

\"16470944166153637390_1200x630.jpg<\/p>\n

N\u0259siman Yaqublu,<\/strong>
\nTarix elml\u0259ri doktoru, professor<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n XIX \u0259srin birinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ictimai-siyasi h\u0259yat\u0131nda yeni d\u00f6vr ba\u015flad\u0131. Rusiyan\u0131n iqtisadi, siyasi, m\u0259d\u0259ni-k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u0259l bax\u0131mdan inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259 olmamas\u0131, i\u015f\u011fal etdiyi b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259r\u0259qqisind\u0259 ciddi probleml\u0259r yarad\u0131rd\u0131. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli ictimai-siyasi xadimi M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259 bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cRusiya n\u0259 Avropa kimi Avropa, n\u0259 d\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq kimi \u015e\u0259rq idi\u201d. B\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir M.B.M\u0259mm\u0259dzad\u0259 \u201cMilli Az\u0259rbaycan h\u0259r\u0259kat\u0131\u201d kitab\u0131nda yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cRusiyada o zamandan ta 1861-ci il\u0259d\u0259k r\u0259sm\u0259n, d\u00f6vr\u00fcm\u00fcz\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r is\u0259 feil\u0259n bir k\u00f6l\u0259lik rejimi m\u00f6vcud olub h\u0259r bir haqq v\u0259 h\u00fcquqdan m\u0259hrum k\u0259ndli bazarda \u0259\u015fya kimi sat\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131\u201d. \u201cXX \u0259srin \u0259vv\u0259ll\u0259rind\u0259 Avrasiyan\u0131n…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":739110,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[19],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386.jpg",520,365,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386.jpg",520,365,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386.jpg",520,365,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386-500x280.jpg",500,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386.jpg",520,365,false],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386.jpg",520,365,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386.jpg",520,365,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386.jpg",520,365,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/f5b0e5c1306570f3c9ed68a7a7124386.jpg",520,365,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"G\u00fcnd\u0259m<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"\u00c7ar Rusiyas\u0131n\u0131n XIX \u0259srin birinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131 i\u015f\u011fal etm\u0259sind\u0259n sonra xalq\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n ictimai-siyasi h\u0259yat\u0131nda yeni d\u00f6vr ba\u015flad\u0131. Rusiyan\u0131n iqtisadi, siyasi, m\u0259d\u0259ni-k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u0259l bax\u0131mdan inki\u015faf etmi\u015f \u00f6lk\u0259 olmamas\u0131, i\u015f\u011fal etdiyi b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rin t\u0259r\u0259qqisind\u0259 ciddi probleml\u0259r yarad\u0131rd\u0131. Az\u0259rbaycan\u0131n g\u00f6rk\u0259mli ictimai-siyasi xadimi M.\u018f.R\u0259sulzad\u0259 bununla \u0259laq\u0259dar yaz\u0131rd\u0131: \u201cRusiya n\u0259 Avropa kimi Avropa, n\u0259 d\u0259 \u015e\u0259rq kimi \u015e\u0259rq idi\u201d. B\u00f6y\u00fck m\u00fct\u0259f\u0259kkir M.B.M\u0259mm\u0259dzad\u0259 \u201cMilli…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/739109"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=739109"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/739109\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":739112,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/739109\/revisions\/739112"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/739110"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=739109"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=739109"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=739109"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}