{"id":814007,"date":"2025-07-03T13:01:52","date_gmt":"2025-07-03T09:01:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=814007"},"modified":"2025-07-03T13:01:52","modified_gmt":"2025-07-03T09:01:52","slug":"gurcu-b%c9%99d%c9%99nind%c9%99-rus-basi-formalasdirmaq-xulyasi-rus-sovinizmi-v%c9%99-gurcul%c9%99r","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=814007","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fcrc\u00fc b\u0259d\u0259nind\u0259 rus ba\u015f\u0131 formala\u015fd\u0131rmaq x\u00fclyas\u0131 \u2013 Rus \u015fovinizmi v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r…"},"content":{"rendered":"

I Aleksandr g\u00fcrc\u00fc \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda dedi ki,\u00a0\u201cOnlar yava\u015f-yava\u015f \u00f6z torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini unudacaqlar v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rd\u0259n ruslara \u00e7evril\u0259r\u0259k zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 dig\u0259r g\u00fcrc\u00fc knyazlar\u0131ndan v\u0259 knyazlar\u0131ndan daha faydal\u0131 ola bil\u0259rl\u0259r\u00a0\u201d.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

Son iki \u0259srd\u0259 Rusiya imperiyas\u0131, Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131 v\u0259 bu sistemin siyasi v\u0259 ideoloji varisi olan Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 ard\u0131c\u0131l v\u0259 planl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 assimilyasiya, zorak\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 m\u0259hv siyas\u0259ti yeritmi\u015fdir. Bu siyas\u0259tin \u0259sas\u0131nda rus \u015fovinizmi dayan\u0131r: t\u0259k bir mill\u0259tin \u2014 rus xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u2014 siyasi, dini, m\u0259d\u0259ni v\u0259 co\u011frafi hakimiyy\u0259tini b\u00fct\u00fcn Qafqaza yaymaq ideyas\u0131. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan bu \u015fovinist plan\u0131n ilk v\u0259 davaml\u0131 h\u0259d\u0259fl\u0259rind\u0259n biri olmu\u015fdur. Rus imperiyas\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Qafqaz yaln\u0131z strateji deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni v\u0259 etnik bax\u0131mdan \u201ct\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259li\u201d say\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. Bu s\u0259b\u0259bd\u0259n burada apar\u0131lan siyas\u0259t s\u0131rf geosiyasi deyil, eyni zamanda \u201cetnosiyasi\u201d xarakter da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\u0130mereti<\/p>\n

Kartli-Kaxetiya v\u0259 \u0130mereti Krall\u0131qlar\u0131n\u0131n L\u0259\u011fvi<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rusiya G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanla 1783-c\u00fc ild\u0259 imzalad\u0131\u011f\u0131 Giorgiyevsk m\u00fcqavil\u0259si il\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fc krall\u0131qlar\u0131na qoruma v\u0259d etmi\u015fdi. Lakin bu raz\u0131la\u015fma Rusiyan\u0131n C\u0259nubi Qafqazda geosiyasi m\u00f6vqeyini g\u00fccl\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn sad\u0259c\u0259 diplomatik al\u0259t idi. 1801-ci ild\u0259 Kartli-Kaxetiya Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 imperiyaya birl\u0259\u015fdirildi. Bu, beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcquq normalar\u0131n\u0131n pozulmas\u0131 il\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, bir xalq\u0131n suveren irad\u0259sinin zorla \u0259zilm\u0259si idi. Ard\u0131nca 1810-cu ild\u0259 \u0130mereti Krall\u0131\u011f\u0131 da eyni aqib\u0259tl\u0259 \u00fczl\u0259\u015fdi. Rusiyan\u0131n \u201cxristian ortodoks qarda\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda etdiyi bu i\u015f\u011fallar, \u0259slind\u0259 pravoslavl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6z \u015fovinist imperializminin \u00f6rt\u00fcy\u00fc kimi istifad\u0259 etdiyini g\u00f6st\u0259rdi. X\u00fcsusi diqq\u0259t\u0259 layiq hadis\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259n biri Kartli-Kaxetiya krall\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n son krali\u00e7as\u0131 Mariam Tsitsi\u015fvilinin rus general\u0131 \u0130van Lazarev\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti idi. 1803-c\u00fc ild\u0259 Rusiya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n Mariyan v\u0259 \u00f6vladlar\u0131n\u0131n Sankt-Peterburqa s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edilm\u0259si \u0259mr olunduqda, krali\u00e7a Tbilisid\u0259 general\u0131n zorak\u0131 t\u0259l\u0259bl\u0259rin\u0259 qar\u015f\u0131 fiziki m\u00fcqavim\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259r\u0259r\u0259k onu yaralad\u0131. Bu add\u0131m, t\u0259kc\u0259 siyasi deyil, h\u0259m d\u0259 m\u0259n\u0259vi bir dir\u0259ni\u015f simvolu oldu.<\/p>\n

H\u0259bsxanas\u0131n\u0131n ikinci ilind\u0259 o, \u00a0imperatora m\u00fcraci\u0259t ed\u0259r\u0259k, dig\u0259r g\u00fcrc\u00fc knyazlar\u0131 il\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r \u00f6vladlar\u0131na kral l\u00fctf\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259yi xahi\u015f etdi. I Aleksandr onun xahi\u015fin\u0259 m\u00fcsb\u0259t yana\u015faraq dedi ki,\u00a0\u201conun o\u011fullar\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczg\u00fcn t\u0259rbiy\u0259 etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn Peterburqda hans\u0131sa kadet korpusuna v\u0259 ya Moskvada universitet\u0259 \u200b\u200byerl\u0259\u015fdirm\u0259k olard\u0131… Onlar yava\u015f-yava\u015f \u00f6z torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini unudacaqlar v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rd\u0259n ruslara \u00e7evril\u0259r\u0259k zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 dig\u0259r g\u00fcrc\u00fc knyazlar\u0131ndan v\u0259 knyazlar\u0131ndan daha faydal\u0131 ola bil\u0259rl\u0259r\u00a0\u201d.<\/p>\n

\"G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan<\/p>\n

G\u00fcrc\u00fc Pravoslav Kils\u0259sin\u0259 Qar\u015f\u0131 Assimilyasiya<\/strong><\/p>\n

1811-ci ild\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fc Pravoslav Kils\u0259sinin avtokefaliyas\u0131 l\u0259\u011fv edildi. Bu q\u0259rar Rusiya Pravoslav Kils\u0259sinin \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc t\u0259sdiql\u0259m\u0259kl\u0259 yana\u015f\u0131, G\u00fcrc\u00fc xalq\u0131n\u0131n min illik dini v\u0259 m\u0259d\u0259ni m\u00fcst\u0259qilliyini m\u0259hv etm\u0259y\u0259 y\u00f6n\u0259lmi\u015fdi. Kils\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 rus dilind\u0259 liturgiya t\u0259tbiq edildi, yerli ke\u015fi\u015fl\u0259r rus ruhanil\u0259ri il\u0259 \u0259v\u0259z olundu. \u0130konalar d\u0259yi\u015fdirildi, freskalar a\u011fard\u0131ld\u0131, dini m\u0259tbuat ba\u011fland\u0131. Rusiyan\u0131n bu add\u0131mlar\u0131 t\u0259kc\u0259 dini sah\u0259d\u0259 deyil, \u00fcmum\u0259n milli kimliyin silinm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259di da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. Kils\u0259 rusla\u015fd\u0131rma laboratoriyas\u0131na \u00e7evrilmi\u015fdi. G\u00fcrc\u00fc xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u0259n\u0259n\u0259vi dini d\u00fcnyag\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fc t\u0259hrif edildi v\u0259 milli yadda\u015f\u0131n \u0259sas daya\u011f\u0131 sars\u0131d\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n

\"\u0130satay<\/p>\n

Xalq \u00dcsyanlar\u0131 v\u0259 Qanl\u0131 Cavablar<\/strong><\/p>\n

XIX \u0259srd\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259r imperiyaya qar\u015f\u0131 bir s\u0131ra silahl\u0131 v\u0259 intellektual \u00fcsyanlara ba\u015f qald\u0131rd\u0131lar. 1804 Mtiuleti, 1812 Kaxeti, 1819 kils\u0259 \u00fcsyan\u0131, 1829 Quriya \u00fcsyan\u0131, 1832 zad\u0259gan sui-q\u0259sd plan\u0131, 1834-1859 Svaneti, Samurzakano, Abxaziya, Sameqrelo b\u00f6lg\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 \u00fcsyanlar oldu. H\u0259r bir h\u0259r\u0259kat Rusiya t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n a\u011f\u0131r \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 c\u0259zaland\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131. Bu \u00fcsyanlar s\u00fcbut etdi ki, G\u00fcrc\u00fc xalq\u0131 n\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r m\u0259ruz qalsa da, he\u00e7 zaman azadl\u0131q ideyas\u0131ndan vaz ke\u00e7m\u0259yib. Lakin rus \u0259sg\u0259rl\u0259rinin k\u0259ndl\u0259ri yand\u0131rmas\u0131, \u0259halini k\u00fctl\u0259vi \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 q\u0259tl\u0259 yetirm\u0259si, dini obyektl\u0259ri t\u0259hqir etm\u0259si bu m\u00fcqavim\u0259ti susdurma\u011fa \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131. 100 mind\u0259n \u00e7ox g\u00fcrc\u00fcn\u00fcn bu \u00fcsyanlarda v\u0259 c\u0259za t\u0259dbirl\u0259rind\u0259 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcy\u00fc tarixi m\u0259nb\u0259l\u0259rd\u0259 qeyd olunur.<\/p>\n

\"Q\u0259rbi<\/p>\n

Rusla\u015fd\u0131rma, Deportasiyalar v\u0259 Etnik T\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259<\/strong><\/p>\n

1801-1867-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 Rus imperiyas\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstandak\u0131 b\u00fct\u00fcn qalalar\u0131, q\u00fcll\u0259l\u0259ri, \u015f\u0259h\u0259r divarlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6kd\u00fc. Bu h\u0259rbi q\u0259rar yaln\u0131z t\u0259hl\u00fck\u0259sizlik deyil, simvolik yadda\u015f\u0131n silinm\u0259si m\u0259qs\u0259di da\u015f\u0131y\u0131rd\u0131. G\u00fcrc\u00fc \u015f\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259rinin tarixi simas\u0131 rusla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rd\u0131. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu proses rus \u015fovinizminin m\u0259d\u0259ni formas\u0131 idi. M\u0259kt\u0259bl\u0259r, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n\u00a0Tiflisd\u0259ki ilahiyyat seminariyas\u0131<\/a>\u00a0tamamil\u0259 rusla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u00a0\u00a0. 1886-c\u0131 ild\u0259 seminariyada qalmaqal ba\u015f verdi, onun rektoru \u00c7udietski g\u00fcrc\u00fc dilini\u00a0itl\u0259rin dili<\/em>\u00a0kimi t\u0259svir etdi v\u0259 q\u0259z\u0259bl\u0259nmi\u015f seminariya i\u015f\u00e7isi t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n m\u0259n\u0259vi eksarx\u0131n\u0131n d\u0259fn m\u0259rasimi zaman\u0131\u00a0Pavel<\/a>\u00a0b\u00fct\u00fcn g\u00fcrc\u00fc xalq\u0131n\u0131 l\u0259n\u0259tl\u0259nmi\u015f kimi t\u0259svir etdi, bu da \u00f6z n\u00f6vb\u0259sind\u0259 Tiflis qubernatorlu\u011funun zad\u0259ganlar\u0131n\u0131n mar\u015fal\u0131\u00a0Dmetre Kipianinin<\/a>\u00a0etiraz\u0131na s\u0259b\u0259b oldu . C\u0259za olaraq v\u0259zif\u0259sini itirdi v\u0259\u00a0Stavropola s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi\u00a0<\/a>B\u00fct\u00fcn hadis\u0259nin n\u0259tic\u0259si o vaxta q\u0259d\u0259r yax\u015f\u0131 ged\u0259n G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan-Rusiya m\u00fcnasib\u0259tl\u0259rinin \u0259h\u0259miyy\u0259tli d\u0259r\u0259c\u0259d\u0259 pisl\u0259\u015fm\u0259si oldu. H\u00f6kum\u0259t dair\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstana qar\u015f\u0131 siyas\u0259ti yum\u015faltmaq \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn s\u0259sl\u0259n\u0259n s\u0259sl\u0259r\u0259 baxmayaraq, rusla\u015fd\u0131rma kursu saxlan\u0131ld\u0131\u00a0. Bu ideyalar XX \u0259srd\u0259 Sovet rejimi d\u00f6vr\u00fcnd\u0259 realla\u015fmasa da 1924\u20131941-ci ill\u0259rd\u0259 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda h\u0259yata ke\u00e7iril\u0259n siyasi repressiyalar n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 onminl\u0259rl\u0259 insan \u00f6l\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc v\u0259 s\u00fcrg\u00fcn edildi. \u00a0Bu deportasiyalar, Stalinin \u201cb\u00f6y\u00fck t\u0259mizl\u0259m\u0259\u201d kampaniyas\u0131n\u0131n bir hiss\u0259si olmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, h\u0259m d\u0259 etnik v\u0259 milli kimliyi m\u0259hv etm\u0259 plan\u0131n\u0131n par\u00e7as\u0131 idi.<\/p>\n

1989-cu ilin 9 aprelind\u0259 Tbilisid\u0259 g\u0259ncl\u0259rin v\u0259 ziyal\u0131lar\u0131n ke\u00e7irdiyi dinc mitinq Sovet ordusu t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n amans\u0131zcas\u0131na da\u011f\u0131d\u0131ld\u0131. 20 n\u0259f\u0259r \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, y\u00fczl\u0259rl\u0259 insan sinir qaz\u0131ndan z\u0259h\u0259rl\u0259ndi. Bu hadis\u0259 t\u0259kc\u0259 Sovet totalitarizminin deyil, rus \u015fovinizminin m\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 d\u0259 nec\u0259 bar\u0131t qoxudu\u011funu g\u00f6st\u0259rdi. Etiraz ed\u0259nl\u0259rin \u0259sas t\u0259l\u0259bi azadl\u0131q v\u0259 Rusiya \u0259sar\u0259tind\u0259n qurtulu\u015f idi.<\/p>\n

\"Qanl\u0131<\/h3>\n

1990-c\u0131 ill\u0259r v\u0259 2008: Yeni Formal\u0131 \u0130\u015f\u011fallar<\/strong><\/p>\n

1992\u20131993-c\u00fc ill\u0259rd\u0259 Rusiyan\u0131n d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259diyi Abxaziya v\u0259 C\u0259nubi Osetiya separat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstanda yeni faci\u0259l\u0259r\u0259 yol a\u00e7d\u0131. 30 min g\u00fcrc\u00fc \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc, 250 min n\u0259f\u0259r \u00f6z torpa\u011f\u0131ndan did\u0259rgin d\u00fc\u015fd\u00fc. Rusiya a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 separatizmi d\u0259st\u0259kl\u0259y\u0259r\u0259k G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n \u0259razi b\u00fct\u00f6vl\u00fcy\u00fcn\u00fc pozdu. 2008-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstana qar\u015f\u0131 h\u0259rbi t\u0259cav\u00fcz etdi. M\u00fcnaqi\u015f\u0259 n\u0259tic\u0259sind\u0259 174 m\u00fclki \u015f\u0259xs, 224 g\u00fcrc\u00fc \u0259sg\u0259ri h\u0259lak oldu. Rusiya bu h\u00fccumlarla beyn\u0259lxalq h\u00fcququ pozmaqla yana\u015f\u0131, C\u0259nubi Qafqazda hegemonlu\u011funu h\u0259rbi g\u00fccl\u0259 b\u0259rpa etm\u0259y\u0259 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fd\u0131.<\/p>\n

\u0130ki \u0259srdir ki, G\u00fcrc\u00fc xalq\u0131 rus imperiya \u015fovinizminin b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u0259h\u015fi formalar\u0131na m\u0259ruz qal\u0131b. Bu \u015fovinizm \u0259vv\u0259lc\u0259 siyasi-monarxik, sonra dini-m\u0259d\u0259ni, daha sonra is\u0259 sovet-totalitar formalarda \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6st\u0259rib. M\u00fcasir d\u00f6vrd\u0259 is\u0259 bu, neoimperializm ad\u0131 il\u0259 maskalan\u0131r. G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131na g\u0259tiril\u0259nl\u0259r t\u0259kc\u0259 bu xalq\u0131n deyil, Qafqaz\u0131n \u00fcmumi a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r. Rus \u015fovinizmi yaln\u0131z ke\u00e7mi\u015fd\u0259 qalmay\u0131b, bu g\u00fcn d\u0259 f\u0259rqli formalarda m\u00f6vcuddur. Ona qar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fcbariz\u0259 tarixi yadda\u015f\u0131n qorunmas\u0131, \u0259dal\u0259tin t\u0259nt\u0259n\u0259si v\u0259 g\u0259l\u0259c\u0259k n\u0259sill\u0259rin milli kimliyinin m\u00fcdafi\u0259sidir.<\/p>\n

<\/h3>\n
G\u00fcnay H\u00fcseyn \u018fsg\u0259rli<\/a><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

I Aleksandr g\u00fcrc\u00fc \u015fahzad\u0259l\u0259ri haqq\u0131nda dedi ki,\u00a0\u201cOnlar yava\u015f-yava\u015f \u00f6z torpaqlar\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0259t-\u0259n\u0259n\u0259l\u0259rini unudacaqlar v\u0259 g\u00fcrc\u00fcl\u0259rd\u0259n ruslara \u00e7evril\u0259r\u0259k zaman ke\u00e7dikc\u0259 dig\u0259r g\u00fcrc\u00fc knyazlar\u0131ndan v\u0259 knyazlar\u0131ndan daha faydal\u0131 ola bil\u0259rl\u0259r\u00a0\u201d. Son iki \u0259srd\u0259 Rusiya imperiyas\u0131, Sovet \u0130ttifaq\u0131 v\u0259 bu sistemin siyasi v\u0259 ideoloji varisi olan Rusiya Federasiyas\u0131 G\u00fcrc\u00fcstan xalq\u0131na qar\u015f\u0131 ard\u0131c\u0131l v\u0259 planl\u0131 \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 assimilyasiya, zorak\u0131l\u0131q v\u0259 m\u0259hv siyas\u0259ti yeritmi\u015fdir. Bu siyas\u0259tin \u0259sas\u0131nda rus \u015fovinizmi dayan\u0131r: t\u0259k bir mill\u0259tin \u2014 rus xalq\u0131n\u0131n \u2014 siyasi, dini, m\u0259d\u0259ni v\u0259 co\u011frafi hakimiyy\u0259tini b\u00fct\u00fcn Qafqaza yaymaq ideyas\u0131. 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