{"id":825217,"date":"2025-09-08T15:43:45","date_gmt":"2025-09-08T11:43:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=825217"},"modified":"2025-09-08T15:43:45","modified_gmt":"2025-09-08T11:43:45","slug":"tarixin-%c9%99n-boyuk-korrupsioner-m%c9%99muru-o-butun-avropa-krallarindan-varli-olub","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?p=825217","title":{"rendered":"Tarixin \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck korrupsioner m\u0259muru – o, b\u00fct\u00fcn Avropa krallar\u0131ndan varl\u0131 olub"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

XVIII \u0259srd\u0259 Sin imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n qazanc\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00dcDM-sinin 30%-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259rini t\u0259\u015fkil edib. \u00d6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n z\u0259ngin \u00f6lk\u0259si s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0259sl m\u0259nas\u0131nda h\u0259r \u015fey istehsal edib v\u0259 k\u0259nardan mallara ehtiyac\u0131 olmay\u0131b. \u0130mperator saray\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259 dolu olub. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259murlar h\u0259rislikd\u0259n daha \u00e7ox v\u0259sait \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k ist\u0259yibl\u0259r. Odur ki, inki\u015faf\u0131n k\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 yaranan korrupsiya m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m formada \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259nib.
\nBununla bel\u0259, bir \u00e7ox m\u0259\u015fhurlar aras\u0131nda ad\u0131 \u00c7ind\u0259 v\u0259 b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada korrupsiya il\u0259 sinoniml\u0259\u015f\u0259n bir \u015f\u0259xs olub. Bu, karyeras\u0131 inan\u0131lmaz s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259l\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcasirl\u0259rinin fikrinc\u0259, s\u0259rv\u0259ti d\u00f6vl\u0259t x\u0259zin\u0259sind\u0259n \u00e7ox olan n\u00fcfuzlu Sin m\u0259muru He\u015fendir (1750-1799).<\/p>\n

O, mancur zabitinin ail\u0259sind\u0259 anadan olub v\u0259 erk\u0259n ya\u015f\u0131nda yetim qal\u0131b. Ki\u00e7ik qarda\u015f\u0131 il\u0259 birlikd\u0259 \u00f6gey anas\u0131 t\u0259r\u0259find\u0259n \u00e7ox incidilib. M\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259n sonra mancular \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn imtiyazl\u0131 m\u0259kt\u0259b\u0259 daxil olub, h\u0259m mancur, h\u0259m d\u0259 \u00c7in dill\u0259rini m\u00fck\u0259mm\u0259l \u00f6yr\u0259nib. 1772-ci ild\u0259 is\u0259 imperator m\u00fchafiz\u0259\u00e7il\u0259rinin d\u0259st\u0259sin\u0259 se\u00e7ilib v\u0259 \u201cqada\u011fan olunmu\u015f \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u201din giri\u015find\u0259 dayan\u0131b. M\u00fcasirl\u0259ri He\u015fenin g\u00f6z\u0259l g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fc, haz\u0131rcavabl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 v\u0259 savad\u0131n\u0131 qeyd edibl\u0259r. Bu keyfiyy\u0259tl\u0259ri say\u0259sind\u0259 o, tez bir zamanda imperator Aysin Qyoro Hon-linin diqq\u0259tini \u00e7\u0259km\u0259yi bacar\u0131b.<\/p>\n

\"qot-4.JPG<\/p>\n

He\u015fenin karyera y\u00fcks\u0259li\u015fi o q\u0259d\u0259r s\u00fcr\u0259tli olub ki, dig\u0259r n\u00fcfuzlu \u015f\u0259xsl\u0259r v\u0259 imperatorun yax\u0131n adamlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u00e7a\u015fq\u0131nl\u0131q yaran\u0131b. H\u0259tta o, imperatorla m\u0259h\u0259bb\u0259t mac\u0259ralar\u0131nda v\u0259 cadug\u0259rlikd\u0259 ittiham edilib. Amma he\u00e7 kim onu bu c\u00fcr a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 ittiham etm\u0259y\u0259 c\u0259sar\u0259t g\u00f6st\u0259rm\u0259yib.<\/p>\n

\u0130mperator saray\u0131nda i\u015fl\u0259dikd\u0259n bir il sonra He\u015fen 23 ya\u015f\u0131nda vergil\u0259r nazirinin m\u00fcavini t\u0259yin edilib v\u0259 imperator katibi v\u0259zif\u0259sin\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259lib. Ad\u0259t\u0259n, yaln\u0131z \u0259n t\u0259cr\u00fcb\u0259li m\u0259murlar\u0131n daxil oldu\u011fu imperator saray\u0131n\u0131n idar\u0259sind\u0259 r\u0259hb\u0259r v\u0259zif\u0259y\u0259 t\u0259yin edilib. Bu t\u0259yinatlar ona imperiyan\u0131n maliyy\u0259 v\u0259 kadr qaydalar\u0131 \u00fcz\u0259rind\u0259 n\u0259zar\u0259ti t\u0259min ed\u0259r\u0259k, onun m\u00f6vqeyini xeyli g\u00fccl\u0259ndirib.<\/p>\n

1777-ci ild\u0259, 27 ya\u015f\u0131nda, ona at belind\u0259 \u201cqada\u011fan olunmu\u015f \u015f\u0259h\u0259r\u201d\u0259 girm\u0259k h\u00fcququ verilib, bu imtiyaz yaln\u0131z sarayda s\u0259daq\u0259tli xidm\u0259ti il\u0259 se\u00e7il\u0259n ya\u015fl\u0131 m\u0259murlara verilib.<\/p>\n

He\u015fen 1784-c\u00fc ild\u0259 d\u00f6vl\u0259t naziri, 1786-c\u0131 ild\u0259 is\u0259 birinci nazir t\u0259yin edilib. 1790-c\u0131 ild\u0259 He\u015fen \u00f6z m\u00f6vqeyini m\u00f6hk\u0259ml\u0259ndirm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn o\u011flu Fen\u015fen \u0130ndeni imperatorun 10-cu sevimli q\u0131z\u0131 Hesyao il\u0259 evl\u0259ndirib v\u0259 toy \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn \u015fahzad\u0259y\u0259 imperatorun dig\u0259r q\u0131zlar\u0131 aras\u0131nda \u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck cehiz verilib. Bu hadis\u0259d\u0259n sonra He\u015fenin g\u00fcc\u00fc sonsuz olub. Bu, x\u00fcsusil\u0259 monarx\u0131n sevimlisi il\u0259 ba\u011fl\u0131 \u015fikay\u0259tl\u0259r\u0259 m\u0259h\u0259l qoymamas\u0131 v\u0259 t\u0259dric\u0259n d\u00f6vl\u0259t i\u015fl\u0259rind\u0259n uzaqla\u015faraq, onlar\u0131 tamamil\u0259 He\u015fen\u0259 h\u0259val\u0259 etm\u0259si fonunda daha da art\u0131b.<\/p>\n

\"qot-2.JPG<\/p>\n

He\u015fen a\u00e7\u0131q \u015f\u0259kild\u0259 v\u0259zif\u0259 v\u0259 titul alveri edib, imperator v\u0259 onun qohumlar\u0131 \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn n\u0259z\u0259rd\u0259 tutulmu\u015f h\u0259diyy\u0259l\u0259ri m\u0259nims\u0259yib, k\u0259ndli \u00fcsyanlar\u0131n\u0131 yat\u0131rmaq v\u0259 t\u0259bi\u0259t hadis\u0259l\u0259ri zaman\u0131 \u0259haliy\u0259 k\u00f6m\u0259k etm\u0259k \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn ayr\u0131lan v\u0259saitin bir hiss\u0259sini \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259 saxlay\u0131b.<\/p>\n

He\u015fenin t\u0259siri o q\u0259d\u0259r b\u00f6y\u00fck olub ki, h\u0259tta 1796-c\u0131 ild\u0259 Hun Li taxtdan imtina etdikd\u0259n sonra da b\u00fct\u00fcn v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rini qoruyub saxlay\u0131b. Ona g\u00f6r\u0259 d\u0259 yeni imperator olacaq Aysin Qyoro Yun Yan atas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259r He\u015fen\u0259 d\u00f6zm\u0259k m\u0259cburiyy\u0259tind\u0259 qal\u0131b. Lakin \u0259vv\u0259lki imperator Hun Li 1799-cu ild\u0259 v\u0259fat ed\u0259n kimi He\u015fen d\u0259rhal h\u0259bs olunub v\u0259 onun b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259mlak\u0131 m\u00fcsadir\u0259 edilib.<\/p>\n

O, 20 madd\u0259 il\u0259 ittiham olunaraq, \u0259n utancverici v\u0259 a\u011fr\u0131l\u0131 c\u0259za n\u00f6vl\u0259rind\u0259n birin\u0259 m\u0259hhkum edilib. Onu uzun m\u00fcdd\u0259t \u0259rzind\u0259 b\u0259d\u0259nin ki\u00e7ik hiss\u0259l\u0259rinin k\u0259silm\u0259si il\u0259 edam etm\u0259yi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcbl\u0259r. Lakin imperator m\u00fc\u0259yy\u0259n m\u00fcdd\u0259td\u0259n sonra yum\u015faql\u0131q g\u00f6st\u0259rib v\u0259 c\u0259zan\u0131 intiharla \u0259v\u0259z edib ki, bu da daha \u015f\u0259r\u0259fli say\u0131l\u0131b. He\u015fen 48 ya\u015f\u0131nda 22 fevral 1799-cu ild\u0259 imperatorun \u0259mri il\u0259 \u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc as\u0131b. Onun b\u00fct\u00fcn \u0259mlak\u0131 m\u00fcsadir\u0259 edilib, r\u00fc\u015fv\u0259tl\u0259 t\u0259yin etdiyi m\u0259murlar v\u0259zif\u0259l\u0259rind\u0259n uzaqla\u015fd\u0131r\u0131l\u0131b.<\/p>\n

\"qot-1.JPG<\/p>\n

M\u00fcsadir\u0259 edilmi\u015f \u0259mlak\u0131n inventar\u0131na is\u0259 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dak\u0131lar daxildir: malikan\u0259l\u0259r v\u0259 m\u00fclkl\u0259rd\u0259ki 3000 otaq, o c\u00fcml\u0259d\u0259n Pekind\u0259ki Qunvanfu saray\u0131, 32 km\u00b2 torpaq sah\u0259si, 42 pul d\u0259yi\u015fdiricisi, \u00fcmumi kapital\u0131 70 000 000 lyan olan 75 lombard. (1 lyan 37,301 qram xalis g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f\u0259 b\u0259rab\u0259r olub).<\/p>\n

Na\u011fd pula g\u0259linc\u0259 – 60.000 lyan z\u0259rli mis k\u00fcl\u00e7\u0259l\u0259r, 100 iri q\u0131z\u0131l k\u00fcl\u00e7\u0259 (h\u0259r biri 1000 lyan), 56.600 orta g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f k\u00fcl\u00e7\u0259 (h\u0259r biri 100 lyan), 9.000.000 ki\u00e7ik g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f k\u00fcl\u00e7\u0259 (h\u0259r biri 10 lyan), 26 kiloqram m\u00fcxt\u0259lif xarici pul, 1.500.000 mis sikk\u0259l\u0259r, 272 kiloqram \u0259n yax\u015f\u0131 jen\u015fen, 230 mirvari d\u0259n\u0259si (al\u00e7a boyda mirvari), 10 ki\u00e7ik \u0259rik \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fcnd\u0259 mirvari, 10 b\u00f6y\u00fck yaqut v\u0259 482 \u0259d\u0259d q\u0131z\u0131l.<\/p>\n

\"qot-5.JPG<\/p>\n

He\u015fenin evind\u0259 b\u00fct\u00fcn m\u00f6vs\u00fcml\u0259r \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn 7000 kostyum, 361 000 tunc \u0259\u015fya, 100 000 \u00e7ini m\u0259mulat, qiym\u0259tli da\u015flarla b\u0259z\u0259dilmi\u015f 24 q\u0131z\u0131l \u00e7arpay\u0131, 460 Avropa saat\u0131 v\u0259 \u0259lav\u0259 olaraq 606 qul v\u0259 600 cariy\u0259 olub. M\u00fcxt\u0259lif hesablamalara g\u00f6r\u0259, b\u00fct\u00fcn bunlar imperiyan\u0131n 8 illik, dig\u0259rl\u0259rin\u0259 g\u00f6r\u0259 is\u0259 10 illik g\u0259liri il\u0259 m\u00fcqayis\u0259 olunan m\u0259bl\u0259\u011fd\u0259 qiym\u0259tl\u0259ndirilib.<\/p>\n

He\u015fen ad\u0131 \u00c7in m\u0259d\u0259niyy\u0259tind\u0259 korrupsiyan\u0131n simvoluna \u00e7evrilib. Bug\u00fcnk\u00fc dill\u0259 des\u0259k, onun s\u0259rv\u0259ti h\u0259qiq\u0259t\u0259n b\u00f6y\u00fck olub. Tarix\u00e7il\u0259r hesab edir ki, XVIII \u0259srd\u0259 Sin imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0259n z\u0259ngin \u00f6lk\u0259si olmas\u0131n\u0131 n\u0259z\u0259r\u0259 alsaq, tarixin \u0259n korrupsioner m\u0259muru He\u015fen d\u00fcnyan\u0131n z\u0259ngin adamlar\u0131ndan biri olub. H\u0259tta onun s\u0259rv\u0259ti imperatorun \u00f6z\u00fcnd\u0259n v\u0259 ya h\u0259r hans\u0131 bir Avropa monarx\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ox olub.<\/p>\n

\u0130lkin N\u0259c\u0259f, x\u00fcsusi olaraq Musavat.com \u00fc\u00e7\u00fcn<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n

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XVIII \u0259srd\u0259 Sin imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n qazanc\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00dcDM-sinin 30%-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259rini t\u0259\u015fkil edib. \u00d6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n z\u0259ngin \u00f6lk\u0259si s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0259sl m\u0259nas\u0131nda h\u0259r \u015fey istehsal edib v\u0259 k\u0259nardan mallara ehtiyac\u0131 olmay\u0131b. \u0130mperator saray\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259 dolu olub. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259murlar h\u0259rislikd\u0259n daha \u00e7ox v\u0259sait \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k ist\u0259yibl\u0259r. Odur ki, inki\u015faf\u0131n k\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 yaranan korrupsiya m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m formada \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259nib. Bununla bel\u0259, bir \u00e7ox m\u0259\u015fhurlar aras\u0131nda ad\u0131 \u00c7ind\u0259 v\u0259 b\u0259lk\u0259 d\u0259 d\u00fcnyada korrupsiya il\u0259 sinoniml\u0259\u015f\u0259n bir \u015f\u0259xs olub. Bu, karyeras\u0131 inan\u0131lmaz s\u00fcr\u0259tl\u0259 y\u00fcks\u0259l\u0259n v\u0259 m\u00fcasirl\u0259rinin fikrinc\u0259, s\u0259rv\u0259ti d\u00f6vl\u0259t x\u0259zin\u0259sind\u0259n \u00e7ox olan n\u00fcfuzlu Sin m\u0259muru He\u015fendir (1750-1799). O, mancur…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":825218,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"gutentor_comment":0,"rttpg_featured_image_url":{"full":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09.jpg",426,289,false],"landscape":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09.jpg",426,289,false],"portraits":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09.jpg",426,289,false],"thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09-426x280.jpg",426,280,true],"medium":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09.jpg",426,289,false],"large":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09.jpg",426,289,false],"1536x1536":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09.jpg",426,289,false],"2048x2048":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09.jpg",426,289,false],"post-thumbnail":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09-240x172.jpg",240,172,true],"advps-thumb-one":["https:\/\/arantv.az\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/94a2b9e41e37636671fd960fc7957e09.jpg",426,289,false]},"rttpg_author":{"display_name":"V\u00fcsal Rafiqo\u011flu","author_link":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/?author=2"},"rttpg_comment":0,"rttpg_category":"C\u0259miyy\u0259t<\/a>","rttpg_excerpt":"XVIII \u0259srd\u0259 Sin imperiyas\u0131n\u0131n qazanc\u0131 d\u00fcnya \u00dcDM-sinin 30%-\u0259 q\u0259d\u0259rini t\u0259\u015fkil edib. \u00d6z d\u00f6vr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0259n z\u0259ngin \u00f6lk\u0259si s\u00f6z\u00fcn \u0259sl m\u0259nas\u0131nda h\u0259r \u015fey istehsal edib v\u0259 k\u0259nardan mallara ehtiyac\u0131 olmay\u0131b. \u0130mperator saray\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnm\u0259mi\u015f s\u0259rv\u0259tl\u0259 dolu olub. N\u0259tic\u0259d\u0259 m\u0259murlar h\u0259rislikd\u0259n daha \u00e7ox v\u0259sait \u0259ld\u0259 etm\u0259k ist\u0259yibl\u0259r. Odur ki, inki\u015faf\u0131n k\u00f6lg\u0259sind\u0259 yaranan korrupsiya m\u00f6ht\u0259\u015f\u0259m formada \u00e7i\u00e7\u0259kl\u0259nib. Bununla bel\u0259, bir…","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/825217"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=825217"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/825217\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":825219,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/825217\/revisions\/825219"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/825218"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=825217"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=825217"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/arantv.az\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=825217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}